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    Comparison of Vegetation Classification Methods Based on High Resolution Remote Sensing Image
    ZHANG Diandai, WANG Xuemei
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2021, 0 (3): 108-113.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2021.03.017
    Abstract1016)   HTML27)    PDF (2282KB)(6255)       Save

    Taking the oasis-desert transition zone in the eastern part of Kuqa City,Xinjiang as the research object and using GF2 remote sensing image as the main data source,on the basis of field investigation,supervised classification based on pixel and object oriented classification based on hierarchical multi-scale segmentation were used to accurately identify the vegetation information in the study area.The results showed that:1) The results of supervised classification and object-oriented classification were roughly the same.The overall classification accuracy rates of both methods could reach more than 94%,and the Kappa coefficient was greater than 0.93,both of which reflect higher classification accuracy.2)Compared with supervised classification,the object-oriented classification method improved the overall classification accuracy by 3.79%,and the Kappa coefficient increased by 0.032,which had a better classification effect and classification accuracy.By determining the optimal scale segmentation,the object-oriented classification method can more accurately extract vegetation information in the study area,and provide a scientific basis for the reasonable evaluation of the regional land desertification status.

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    Advances in Remote Sensing Retrieval of Forest Aboveground Biomass
    REN Xiaoqi, HOU Peng, CHEN Yan
    Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2023, 0 (6): 146-158.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2023.06.018
    Abstract823)   HTML25)    PDF (1148KB)(5463)       Save

    Forest aboveground biomass is one of the key indicators to reflect the status of forest ecosystem,which is of great significance to global climate change and China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality.With the rapid development and increasing maturity of remote sensing technology,it has become the main technical means for retrieving above-ground forest biomass in large areas.In this paper,the research progress of remote sensing inversion of forest aboveground biomass was discussed from two aspects through systematic review of relevant literatures at home and abroad.From the perspective of data source,it can be summarized as inversion methods of optical remote sensing data,synthetic aperture radar data and LiDARdata,and the effective information,advantages and limitations provided by each data source are expounded and analyzed.From the perspective of inversion model,it can be summarized as multiple regression model,machine learning algorithm and mechanism model,and the characteristics of different models are discussed and analyzed combined with practical application cases.Finally,this paper summarized the existing problems in the inversion of forest above-ground biomass by remote sensing,and prospected the direction and hotspots of forest above-ground biomass inversion by remote sensing in the future.

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    Species Diversity and Its Associated Factors of Castanopsis orthacantha Community in Central Yunnan
    PENG Zexi, LUO Hang, LI Xiaoying, XU Yanhong, YIN Wuyuan, ZHU Hongqin, CHEN Yuqiang, CHEN Xiaoqin
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2023, 0 (2): 138-146.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.02.019
    Abstract663)   HTML9)    PDF (1023KB)(3586)       Save

    In order to accurately grasp the species diversity level of Castanopsis orthacantha community and its relationship with related factors in central Yunnan,based on the investigation of typical plots,the Margalef richness index,Pielou evenness index,Shannon-Weiner diversity index and species diversity comprehensive index were used to measure the species diversity level of Castanopsis orthacantha community,and the grey correlation analysis method was used to explore the relationship between species diversity level and site factors,stand factors and forest disturbance intensity.The results showed that:1) The species composition of Castanopsis orthacantha community was rich,involving 75 families,141 genera and 202 species,and the species composition of shrub layer was the most complex.The tree species composition of the arbor layer had the characteristics of typical subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest.And there were significant differences in species composition and important values in different regions.2) The richness index,diversity index and evenness index of shrub layer (including regeneration layer) were the highest,and the species diversity of Castanopsis orthacantha community was at a medium level.The species diversity of different survey areas in the study area was different.The contribution rate of herb layer and shrub layer (including regeneration layer) to the comprehensive index of community species diversity was the highest.3) There was a strong correlation between species diversity and six factors in three levels of site factors,stand factors and forest disturbance intensity.The order of correlation degree was altitude>forest disturbance intensity>average DBH>aspect>plant density>slope.Through research,the aim is to provide a basis for the restoration and conservation measures of Castanopsis orthacantha community in central Yunnan.

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    Key Data Results and Trend Analysis of the Sixth National Survey on Desertification and Sandification
    ZAN Guosheng, WANG Cuiping, LI Feng, LIU Zheng, SUN Tao
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2023, 0 (1): 1-7.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.01.001
    Abstract6058)   HTML447)    PDF (1091KB)(4133)       Save

    The Sixth National Survey on Desertification and Sandification was based on the results of the Third National Land Survey,using 2019 as the benchmark year.The results showed a comprehensive status of desertification and sandification in China.This paper presented a brief overview of this survey,the status and dynamic changes of desertification and sandification in China,conducted a comprehensive analysis of the current situation,and proposed some suggestions for combating desertification and sandification.The survey results showed that,until 2019,the desertification land area in China was 257.371 3 million hm2 and the sandification land area was 168.782 3 million hm2.Compared with 2014,the desertification area of China decreased by 3.788 0 million hm2 with an average annual decrease of 757.6 thousand hm2.The sandification area of China decreased by 3.335 2 million hm2 with an average annual net reduction of 667 thousand hm2.

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    Habitat Suitability Assessment of Moose Based on Combined MaxEnt and HSI Model
    ZENG Haowei, LING Chengxing, ZHANG Jun, LIU Hua, ZHAO Feng, JIN Yue, LIU Shuguang, ZHANG Yutong
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2023, 0 (4): 115-122.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.04.014
    Abstract489)   HTML15)    PDF (3281KB)(2942)       Save

    Moose is a national first-class protected animal in China.Studying the habitat quality of moose is a key step to protect moose population.In this paper,taking Heilongjiang Nanwenghe National Natural Reserve as an example,the habitat suitability of moose was evaluated using maximum entropy model(MaxEnt)and habitat suitability index(HSI)model.Moose distribution points data was gathered from unmanned aerial vehicle transect survey,the maximum entropy model was used to get the environmental factor contribution and single environment variable response curve,combined with natural geography of the Reserve,the evaluation model was set up based on the impact of different environmental factors on moose to evaluate the moose habitat suitability of reserve quantitatively.The results showed that altitude(20.3%),slope(11.4%)and distance from river(11.3%)were the main environmental factors affecting the habitat distribution of moose,while slope aspect,slope position and vegetation coverage had less effect on moose habitat.Moose prefer to live in forested area with low altitude,moderate slope,sunny slope,and prefer to live close to river,far away from human disturbance and in areas with high coverage.In the reserve,the area of high suitable habitat for moose is 424.6 km2,accounting for 18.5% of the total area.The area of low suitable habitat is 1 422.9 km2,accounting for 62% of the total area.The area of unsuitable habitat is 447.5 km2,accounting for 19.5% of the total area.

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    Information Extraction and Security Risk Assessment of Street Trees Based on Vehicle-Borne LiDAR Data
    MU Tianbao, WU Linna, ZHANG Haitao, ZHANG Han
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2022, 0 (5): 91-98.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.012
    Abstract463)   HTML10)    PDF (6310KB)(2884)       Save

    Rapid and accurate acquisition of the structural characteristics and safety risk status of urban street trees based on LiDAR point cloud data is of great significance to assist smart city management.In order to solve the problem that LiDAR point cloud data is difficult to segment regions with unclear morphological characteristics in street tree parameter acquisition,a individual tree extraction method based on circular index of trunk center point was proposed.Firstly,it obtained the sliced point cloud of the trunk layer according to the elevation information,then,segmented the sliced data based on the improved DBSCAN clustering algorithm.Secondly,it identified the trunk through the morphological characteristics of the ground features and obtained the central point,so as to complete the extraction through the circular index method based on the central point.Finally,it combined with the risk matrix method to evaluate the safety risk of the stability and traffic impact of the street trees in the study area.The results showed that the proposed individual tree extraction method could effectively improve the segmentation accuracy of individual trees of street trees in areas with unclear morphological characteristics,and accurately obtain the structural parameter information such as the number,shape and position of street trees;The safety risk assessment found that the stability of most street trees and the risk of traffic impact in the study area werein a level I negligible risk state,but there were some street trees whose stability and risk of traffic impact were level II and level III.These trees were mainly distributed in the area with dense and interlaced roadside trees in the study area.The results can provid corresponding decision support for relevant departments to monitor street trees in a timely and effective manner.

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    Study on Bird Diversity in Mount Wutongshan National Park in Guangdong
    TAO Qing, TANG Yuelin , CHEN Yongfeng, ZHANG Xiongfang, CUI Pingyue, WANG Yingyong, LIN Shishi
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2015, 0 (4): 115-123.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2015.04.020
    Abstract605)      PDF (1406KB)(2823)       Save
    The investigation of bird resources in Mount Wutongshan National Forest Park of Guangdong recorded 135 species belonging to 13 orders,35 families.If the six species recorded were added,Passeriformes had 24 families,95 species(66.4%);Passeres and forest birds had taken the advantage.Dominant species were Pycnonotus jocosus,Apus affinis,Zosterops japonicus,Pycnonotus sinensis,Sturnus sericeus,Aethopyga christinae,Passer montanus,Dicaeum ignipectus,Orthotomus sutorius,Parus major and Lonchura striata.And residents had 78 species(54.5%),winter visitors had 33 species(23.1%),summer visitors had 18 species(12.6%),passage migrants had 15 species(10.5%).Breeding birds had 96 species(67.1%).And 13 species were listed in the China Key List as second-grade of protected wild animals,12 species were listed in CITES Appendix II,1 species was recorded in IUCN as vulnerable(VU),5 species were recorded in CSRL as near threatened(NT),3 species were recorded in Guangdong provincial protected animals,1 species was endemic to China.Most of birds are distributed in Wutongshan County-Xiaowutong,Dawutong,Bitongdao and Shatoujiao.And Babax lanceolatus and Minla cyanouroptera which may escape or become naturalized species were discussed.
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    Habitat Characteristics and Effects on Growth of Arundinaria faberi in Different Slope Positions of Subalpine Meadow
    YAN Keyu, CHEN Pingping, LI Jianxing, ZHANG Limei, LIU Hui, CHEN Zhengfa
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2023, 0 (2): 70-78.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.02.010
    Abstract687)   HTML7)    PDF (2297KB)(2973)       Save

    As a dominant plant species in subalpine meadows on the low-latitude plateau,it is of great guiding significance to clarify the habitat characteristics and key growth factors of different slope positions of Arundinaria faberi for its community protection.The research object was Arundinaria faberi in the subalpine meadow of Gaoben Mountain in Xundian,Yunnan.By investigating the characteristics of growth and habitat factors of Arundinaria faberi in different slope positions,the key growth factors of Arundinaria faberi were identified by correlation heat map.The results showed that:1) The air temperature and relative humidity tended to decrease with the increase of the slope position,while the wind speed and solar radiation intensity increased with the increase of the slope position.2) The soil particle composition of different slope positions was mainly composed of silt particles.The soil bulk density increased with the increase of the slope position.The soil moisture content,large aggregate content and soil chemical indicators all increased first and then decreased with the increase of the slope position.The meadow soil was obviously acidic,and the soil quality level reflected by the physical and chemical characteristics of the middle slope soil was relatively higher.3) With the increase of the slope position,the morphology and community characteristics of Arundinaria faberi showed a significant deterioration trend.4) Correlation heat map analysis showed that air temperature,solar radiation intensity,wind speed,soil bulk density and available phosphorus had a great influence on the corresponding growth characteristics of Arundinaria faberi among which air temperature,solar radiation intensity,wind speed and soil bulk density were the most influential key factor for growth.

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    Status Quo and Improvement of Forest Fire Prevention and Control Ability in China-Myanmar Border in Yunnan Province
    GUAN Pingao, PENG Xingzi, CHEN Yuyong, ZHANG Hongfei, JIANG Jian, LI Shiyou
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2021, 0 (5): 153-159.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2021.05.020
    Abstract832)   HTML11)    PDF (1075KB)(2793)       Save

    Based on the investigation of the basic situation and characteristic practices of forest fire prevention and control in prefectures (cities)and counties in China-Myanmar border in Yunnan Province,the main problems and the necessity of improving its forest fire prevention and control ability were analyzed.From three aspects,namely forest fire prevention,fire fighting and emergency support,25 specific measures were put forward to improve this ability,including ecological barrier system,forest fuel treatment,water fire extinguishing equipment,team building,joint prevention and control fire,and general survey of fire hazard sources,etc.At the same time,some relevant suggestions were proposed.Through research and discussion,this paper aimed to improve the comprehensive prevention and control ability of forest fire in China-Myanmar border in Yunnan Province.

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    Grassland Vegetation Coverage Retrieval Based on Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing Data: A Case Study of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
    TIAN Haijing, WANG Lin, HAN Liliang, FAN Yunbao, YANG Jilin
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2022, 0 (4): 134-140.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.04.017
    Abstract786)   HTML26)    PDF (4757KB)(3147)       Save

    High-precision grassland vegetation coverage remote sensing estimation model is important for quantitative assessment of grassland quality and fine management of grassland.Based on Sentinel-2 multi-spectral remote sensing data and measured sample plots in Inner Mongolia autonomous Region,grassland vegetation coverage was modeled and inverted.The results showed that:1)There was a significant correlation between the 23 vegetation indexes and the measured vegetation coverage (P<0.001),and the highest correlation coefficient was NDVI with a correlation coefficient of 0.834;2)The underestimation of sinusoidal function was more obvious in the high value part (coverage>75%),while the overestimation of linear function was more obvious in the low value part (coverage<25%),by using these two kinds of functions to simulate vegetation coverage,the results were better;3)The grassland types were divided into 6 groups to modeling vegetation coverage respectively.Finally,correlation coefficient between simulated and measured vegetation coverage for the 1 894 sample plots was R2=0.722,P<0.01,RMSE=12%;4)The vegetation coverage of different grassland types in Inner Mongolia from high to low was 78.91% for mountain meadow,73.7% for temperate meadow steppe,53.89% for lowland meadow,52.57% for temperate steppe,32.76% for temperate desert steppe,25.52% for temperate grassland desert and 19.29% for temperate desert.

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    Geographic Weighted Regression Model Combined with Remote Sensing for Estimating Forest Aboveground Carbon Storage of Songyang County
    ZOU Weimin, CHEN Chao, HUANG Lei, SONG Meixuan, LI Xuejian, DU Huaqiang
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2023, 0 (4): 132-140.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.04.016
    Abstract415)   HTML9)    PDF (5877KB)(2414)       Save

    Aboveground carbon(AGC)is an important indicator of the basic characteristics of forest ecosystems and a theoretical basis for evaluating the functional structure and productive potential of forests.As one of the nine key forestry counties in Zhejiang Province,Songyang County has a very important ecological status,so the accurate estimation of forest AGC in Songyang County is an important reference value for the stability evaluation of forest ecosystems and forest management in Songyang County.However,Songyang County is dominated by medium and low hilly areas surrounded by mountains,and how to consider the influence of complex terrain on the temporal and spatial variation of AGC is an urgent problem to be solved to achieve accurate estimation of AGC in mountainous forests.Therefore,based on Landsat TM satellite imagery and forest AGC survey data in Songyang County,a geographically weighted regression model(GWR)combined with spatial variation characteristics was constructed to estimate forest AGC,and compared with the results of ordinary least squares(OLS),finally,the optimal model was selected to predict forest AGC and its spatial distribution in Songyang County.The results were asfollows:Texture information from Landsat TM satellite imagerywas important for predicting forest AGC in Songyang County;The GWR model accurately estimated the AGC and spatial distribution of forests in Songyang County,and improved the accuracy by 9% over the OLS model,with an R2 of 0.71.The total AGC of forests in Songyang County was 3.901×106 Mg,with an average AGC of 23.70 Mg/hm2,accounting for about 10% of the total AGC of forest vegetation in Lishui City,which had a relatively important position in serving regional ecological functions.The study will provide advanced technical tools for accurate estimation of forest AGC in Songyang County,as well as scientific data for evaluating the function of forest carbon sink in Songyang County.

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    Research of Key Technology for National Forest-land “One Map” Database
    XU Dengping,LI Hui,PANG Lijie,ZHANG Yuxing,HUANG Guosheng,HAN Aihui
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2015, 0 (5): 36-43.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2015.05.007
    Abstract1045)      PDF (3140KB)(4463)       Save
    In this study,we introduced the contents of forest-land “one map” for the county,provincial and national levels,and studied the key technologies of forest-land “one map” information extraction,data check and the integration of database.Based on the WebService,we designed and developed a data management and service platform of national forest-land “one map”,and operated it online.lastly,the data application for forest-land “one map” was discussed.
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    Natural Distribution and Characteristics of China’s Rare and Endangered Species in Shandong Province
    LIU Dan, ZANG Dekui
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2018, 0 (1): 155-158.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2018.01.022
    Abstract708)   HTML12)    PDF (1037KB)(2909)       Save

    According to the investigation result of forest tree germplasm resources in Shandong province,there are 15 Chinese rare and endangered tree species naturally distributed there,which belongs to 12 families,13 genera,and the characteristics of their natural distribution are summarized.Suggestions of protection are put forward for carrying out related research in the future.

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    Investigation on Current Situation of Eucommia ulmoides Resources in Hunan Province
    WANG Xiaoyu, CHEN Yifeng, WU Jiangbo, DU Hongyan, JIN Xiaoling
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2015, 0 (3): 146-150.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2015.03.028
    Abstract406)      PDF (1084KB)(2169)       Save
    The result of investigation on Eucommia ulmoides resources in Hunan Province was achieved by collecting data from the forestry science and technology extending stations of the 14 cities and a detailed survey at Eucommia growing place shows what Eucommia resources are distributed in the whole province,and 11551.6 hm2 of Eucommia in Hunan is mainly distributed in Cili,Zhangjiajie; Baojing,Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Anhua,Yiyang and Shimen,Changde.The cultivation area of Eucommia in Cili is 4969.1 hm2.Eucommia trees in Hunan Province are mainly 1 to 5 years old,16-25 years old and 60 years old.Conventional EU cultivation for medical purposes is the major cultivation mode; a few places began to use the orchard-like intensive cultivation and three-dimensional cultivation.The problems are the lack of management and backward cultivation mode.
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    Review on Causes to Forests Struck by Lightning and Countermeasures
    BAI Ye, LI Hui, WANG Bo, JIA Yisong, WU Yingda
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2019, 0 (6): 7-11.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.06.002
    Abstract1113)   HTML40)    PDF (1498KB)(2532)       Save

    This article summarizes the ypical cases of lighting strikes at home and abroad,deeply analyze the lightning strike wood characteristics,the mechanism of lightning fire happen,time and space distribution characteristics,combining with forest fire team extinguishing of actual combat experience,more than 70 years from the fire found positioning,anticipation,close to the fire,fire safety saves summarized four aspects,such as lightning fire prevention and control difficulty,and puts forward corresponding countermeasures,the lightning fire points out the future research direction,provides the basis for prevention and control of lightning fire science.

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    Study on Species Diversity Composite Index
    LÜ Yong, YE Tao, LÜ Feizhou, LI Xinjian
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2013, 0 (4): 84-87.  
    Abstract331)      PDF (993KB)(2357)       Save
    Through use of richness,evenness and diversity to evaluate species diversity,the concept of Species Diversity Composite Index is proposed,breaking traditional and unilateral limitations of species diversity description.With multiple raw data based on selected indicators and use of CRITIC law the weights are established and each forest Species Diversity Composite Index measurement model developed,which reflects both the diversity indices of traditional information and the actual sample data. This makes the results of the composite index more reasonable and objective.
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    Comparison of Three Calculating Methods of Stand Volumes and Species Composition
    CHENG Ruichun
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2014, 0 (3): 163-166.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2014.03.034
    Abstract2015)      PDF (1044KB)(2551)       Save
    Based on the survey data of permanent sample plots at Wangyedian Forest Farm in Chifeng,the results of the stand volumes and species compositions were compared,which were calculated with three methods including the average experimental form factor(AEFF)Formula method,the AEFF and Mean Tree method,and One-Way Volume Table method,and linear relationships were found among the three different stand volume figures.In mixed stands,the inconsistent results of species composition were not significantly different at the 0.05 level with the sign test based on the classifications according to the coefficient difference of the dominant tree species(if they were the same,species less than 5% used).So,the average experimental form factors could be used to measure stand volume and species composition.To forest farmers or family forest farms,the AEFF Formula method might be more useful than the others.
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    Biodiversity Conservation and Practice in National Wetland Park—A Case Study of Xixi National Wetland Park
    HU Xinting, YUAN Jun, CHENG Yonqquan, GUO Fengyi, YUAN Weiying, LI Gang, YANG Yongfeng
    Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (2): 133-140.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.02.016
    Abstract774)   HTML15)    PDF (1015KB)(1875)       Save

    China established its first National Wetland Park in 2005.As an indispensable component of wetland protection system in China,national wetland parks have significantly contributed to biodiversity conservation over the past two decades.This study examines the significant challenges national wetland parks face in current biodiversity conservation and outlines key strategies for biodiversity conservation planning.Taking Xixi national wetland parks as a case study,it demonstrates specific practices in biodiversity conservation,particularly in rare and endangered species conservation,watershed biodiversity demonstration and nature education.This study proposes strategies for the key directions of biodiversity conservation in national wetland parks,which include protecting and restoring the biological baseline resources of wetlands,wild plant and animal habitat restoration,establishing information system for wetland sensing and monitoring,and promoting scientific and rational utilization of biological resources.These strategies aim to facilitate the development of national wetland park and enhance the quality of wetland biodiversity conservation in the new era.

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    Study on Status and management strategy of Forest Health in Shisanling Forest Farm in Bejjing
    PENG Qiang,YUAN Shibao,0U Yang,XU Chengyang,GAN Jin
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2015, 0 (2): 163-170.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2015.02.028
    Abstract352)      PDF (1164KB)(1903)       Save
    This sludy firsaly analyes problems existing in the Shisanling Foret Farm,such as lack of tree specis divesitl and imblance of forel slrucure. An evaluaion syslem for heah of foresl eosystsm is develped, uilding on finding from prevou sudie; Baed on survey data, health evaluation for forest resources of 40 compartments ,798 sub-compartments in an area of 8504. 88 hectares were conducted at comprment and sub-ompatment level rspeptivly According to the evaluation resuls,forest health management solutions put forward.
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    Diversity of Butterfly Community in Fenglin National Nature Reserve
    YUAN Gaixia
    FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT    2021, 0 (5): 87-96.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2021.05.012
    Abstract1689)   HTML14)    PDF (1197KB)(2477)       Save

    To explore butterfly community diversity in Fenglin National Nature Reserve,butterflies were investigated with the line transect method inside and outside the reserve from June to August each year from 2016 to 2018.A total of 15 083 butterflies were observed,of which 99 species in 60 genera under seven families were identified.Nymphalidae was the dominant family,with the most number of genera,species and individuals.There were 5 dominant species,19 common species,57 unusual species and 18 rare species.Nymphalidae had the highest diversity index and richness index,Papilionidae had the highest dominance index and Parnassiidae had the highest evenness index.There was a significant difference in diversity of butterflies among habitats,with the diversity index being the highest in medium altitude core area and the lowest in high altitude experimental area.The diversity index of butterflies had a significant positive correlation with their richness index in all habitats (r=0.9971,P<0.001).The dynamic trend of species number,the diversity index and the richness index was consistence,being the highest in July and the lower in June and August.The community similarity coefficient of species was 0.8 inside and outside the reserve,showing they were very similar.The community similarity coefficient of species among different habitats ranged from 0.55 to 0.81,high coefficient indicating slight difference of comprehensive environmental factors.In conclusion,Fenglin Nature Reserve had abundant butterfly resources,a healthy ecosystem,stable environment,and high protection value.

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