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Biodiversity Conservation and Practice in National Wetland Park—A Case Study of Xixi National Wetland Park HU Xinting, YUAN Jun, CHENG Yonqquan, GUO Fengyi, YUAN Weiying, LI Gang, YANG Yongfeng Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (2): 133-140.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.02.016 Abstract （774）   HTML （15）    PDF （1015KB）（1875）       Knowledge map    Save China established its first National Wetland Park in 2005.As an indispensable component of wetland protection system in China,national wetland parks have significantly contributed to biodiversity conservation over the past two decades.This study examines the significant challenges national wetland parks face in current biodiversity conservation and outlines key strategies for biodiversity conservation planning.Taking Xixi national wetland parks as a case study,it demonstrates specific practices in biodiversity conservation,particularly in rare and endangered species conservation,watershed biodiversity demonstration and nature education.This study proposes strategies for the key directions of biodiversity conservation in national wetland parks,which include protecting and restoring the biological baseline resources of wetlands,wild plant and animal habitat restoration,establishing information system for wetland sensing and monitoring,and promoting scientific and rational utilization of biological resources.These strategies aim to facilitate the development of national wetland park and enhance the quality of wetland biodiversity conservation in the new era. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Forest Fire Risk Zoning Based on MaxEnt Model—A Case Study of Yantai Yellow and Bohai Seas New Area LI Jie, CHAO Bixiao, YAN Yuqian, JIANG Fan, ZHANG Dawei, SUN Yongkang, ZOU Quancheng Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (2): 8-16.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.02.002 Abstract （496）   HTML （24）    PDF （2259KB）（1276）       Knowledge map    Save Forest fires are sudden and destructive natural disasters influenced by various factors such as meteorology,terrain,vegetation,and human activities.The establishment of a forest fire risk zoning is essential for effective prevention and controlling forest fires,which is of great significance for carrying out related work in the future.As a machine learning method,MaxEnt has gained widespread domestic and international usage in predicting probabilities of occurrences and identifying zoning of forest fire risk due to its demonstrated high accuracy.Yantai Yellow and Bohai Seas New Area,located at the junction of Jiaodong Peninsula and Yellow and Bohai Seas has a developed economy,high population density,and significant human impact on forests,making it representative of forest fire prevention efforts in China.This study took Yantai Yellow and Bohai Seas New Area as an example and utilized MaxEnt to predict the probability of forest fire occurrence and delineate forest fire risk zoning based on historical fire incident data,as well as dominant environmental variables such as meteorology,topography,land cover types,and socio-economic factors.The research findings indicate that:1)Dominant tree species(group)and population density have significant impacts on forest fire occurrence;2)In Yantai Yellow and Bohai Seas New Area,the areas with high,medium,and general risk levels are similar in size.High-risk areas are mainly concentrated in the southwestern mountainous region,while general-risk areas are primarily found along the northeastern coast.Through verification,this study's results have shown a high level of accuracy and can provide a methodological exploration for subsequent national forest fire risk zoning. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Development Experiences of the Flower Industry in the Netherlands and Its Implications for China XIANG Yue, LIU Ping Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (4): 164-170.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.04.018 Abstract （490）   HTML （3）    PDF （1153KB）（1062）       Knowledge map    Save The flower industry,as a burgeoning sector that contributes to China's rural revitalization efforts,plays an important role in promoting economic prosperity,enhancing social well-being,and strengthening the construction of ecological civilization.It is currently at a key turning point,transitioning from high-speed development to high-quality development,while facing major challenges such as an incomplete industrial chain,weak quality supervision,low levels of scientific and technological innovation,and insufficient policy support.The Netherlands,as a global leader in the flower industry,offers advanced development practices and successful experiences that are highly relevant for promoting the sustainable growth of China's flower industry.This paper summarizes the current situation and successful experience of the Netherlands flower industry,and proposes development strategies for China's flower industry.By accelerating the optimization and upgrading of the flower industry,improving the quality management system,strengthening scientific and technological support,and enhancing government support,China's flower industry can achieve high-quality,sustainable development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Survey and Analysis of Bird Diversity in The Erguna Wetland,Inner Mongolia WANG Qiyuan, JI Penghao, XUE Lei, GAO Runhong Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (5): 66-76.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.05.008 Abstract （567）   HTML （10）    PDF （1598KB）（1052）       Knowledge map    Save In the spring,autumn and winter of 2022,a survey of bird diversity was carried out in Erguna wetland by using line transect method and site sampling method. 1)A total of 14 139 birds and 115 species belonging to 19 orders and 40 families were recorded. 2)There were 78 species of Palaearctic,Holoearctic and Northeast type,accounting for 67.83% of the total species. 3)In terms of bird fauna,Palearctic species and widespread species are the main species,and in terms of resident types,summer migratory birds,resident birds and travelers are absolutely superior. 4)There are 39 species of protected birds,including 6 species under national priority protection,26 species under national secondary protection,24 species of birds listed in CITES Appendix II and 2 species listed in CITES Appendix I. 5)In terms of bird ecological types,songbirds had the largest number of species(57 species),but a small number(575),while swimming birds and wading birds had a total of 35 species(13 468 species),accounting for 95.25% of the total number of birds in this survey. 6)There were seasonal dynamic differences in bird community composition,with the highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index in autumn and the lowest in spring,and the lower Sorensen index among different seasons. 7)The composition of bird community was greatly affected by habitat types. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were the highest in forest shrub,the lowest in farmland,and the Sorensen index among different habitat types was low. The results of the survey reflect the status quo of bird resources in Erguna wetland,and can provide a reference for the management and protection of birds in the reserve. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Substrates and Exogenous Hormone on the Rooting of Air Layering of Berchemia floribunda(Wall.)Brongn. ZHAO Tian, WANG Yinchen, ZHOU Sixuan, ZENG Bing, YUAN Yang, DENG Mengqing, LIAO Yan, ZHANG Jinhua Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (2): 80-91.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.02.010 Abstract （310）   HTML （2）    PDF （1965KB）（940）       Knowledge map    Save Berchemia floribunda(Wall.)Brongn.is a traditional precious tree species in China with functions as a nectar source,ornamental and medicinal source,and has good ecological and economic benefits.In order to optimize the optimal conditions for B.floribunda air layering propagation and to improve the vegetative propagation technology,the L9(34)orthogonal matrix experiment was performed to explore the effects of different substrate ratios,exogenous hormone types,exogenous hormone concentration and girdle width on rooting of its air layering,subordination function method and correlation analysis method were used to comprehensively evaluate various rooting indices,and the mechanism of these four factors on rooting explored.The results showed that a suitable substrate and exogenous hormone ratio can promote the formation of callus,along with an increase in various rooting indices.Variance analysis and range analysis indicated that the efficiency of air layering was affected by the substrate ratio,exogenous hormone and girdle width,substrates ratio and exogenous hormone types were the two most important factors.Based on a comprehensive evaluation and correlation analysis,it is concluded that the most favorable treatment condition for B.floribunda rooting is:perlite+peat+vermiculite(1∶1∶1)as substrates,NAA is used as an exogenous hormone types with a concentration of 400 mg/L,and the girdle width is 10 mm.Under this treatment,the callus induction rate is as high as (93.33±2.36)%,and the rooting rate is as high as(85.00±4.08)%,(9.67±0.47)days to form a callus at the wound site,(14.00±0.82)days start to take root,average number of first order roots[(15.44±0.51)roots],average length of first order roots[(7.13±0.25)cm],average diameter of first order roots[(3.03±0.21)mm],fresh weight[(3.29±0.05)g],dry weight[(0.67±0.04)g],root effect index(5.50±0.06),average subordinate function value(0.77)were the highest.The results of this study provide theoretical references and data support for establishing a rapid propagation system of B.floribunda and promoting its cultivation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Mixed Betula luminifera and Phyllostachys edulis with Different Proportions on the Growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata after Thinning SUN Kun, WU Dayu, SUN Honggang Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (2): 124-132.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.02.015 Abstract （394）   HTML （5）    PDF （1329KB）（872）       Knowledge map    Save Scientifically reasonable mixed planting can restore soil fertility,enhance forest productivity,improve low-quality and low-efficiency forests,and achieve scientifically efficient management of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations.By conducting forest thinning in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations,mixed forests can be created with different proportions of Cunninghamia lanceolata and other species such as Betula luminifera or Phyllostachys edulis.This includes combinations with ratios of Cunninghamia lanceolata to Betula luminifera or Betula luminifera at 1∶1,2∶1,and 3∶1,respectively.The objective is to investigate the effects of mixed planting on the growth characteristics and functional traits of Cunninghamia lanceolata individuals.The results indicate that:1)Compared to pure forests,mixed planting increases the intensity of competition among trees.Additionally,the competition intensity between Cunninghamia lanceolata and Betula luminifera in mixed forests is lower than that between Cunninghamia lanceolata and Phyllostachys edulis.2)Mixed planting of Cunninghamia lanceolata with Betula luminifera and Phyllostachys edulis both increase the leaf area index(LAI)of Cunninghamia lanceolata.3)With the increase in Cunninghamia lanceolata retention density,the contents of available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and organic matter in the soil decrease.Compared to pure forests,mixed planting leads to a decrease of available nitrogen content in the soil but an increase in available phosphorus.4)As the retention density of Cunninghamia lanceolata increases,the individual tree volume of Cunninghamia lanceolata decreases,while the total stand volume increases in contrast.In Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forests with Betula luminifera and Phyllostachys edulis,both the individual tree volume and the stand volume of Cunninghamia lanceolata are higher than those in pure forests of Cunninghamia lanceolata alone.In Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forests with Betula luminifera,the individual tree volume and stand volume of Cunninghamia lanceolata are similarly greater than those in mixed forests with Phyllostachys edulis.5)The Hegyi competition index shows a highly significant negative correlation with the individual volume of Cunninghamia lanceolata(P<0.01);the individual volume of Cunninghamia lanceolata is significantly positively correlated with leaf area(P<0.05);available phosphorus is highly significantly positively correlated with individual volume and stand volume(P<0.01),and soil organic matter content is significantly positively correlated with stand volume(P<0.05).Based on the above findings,Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forests with Betula luminifera are superior to those with Phyllostachys edulis in various aspects.Additionally,when the ratio of Cunninghamia lanceolata to Betula luminifera is 1∶1,it has the best promoting effect on the individual growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata,which is beneficial for cultivating large-diameter Cunninghamia lanceolata and improving stand quality.At the same time,attention should be paid to stand yield.When the ratio of Cunninghamia lanceolata to Betula luminifera is 3∶1,the stand volume of Cunninghamia lanceolata is maximized. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Remote Sensing Inversion of Mangrove Biomass Based on Machine Learning HAO Jun, LYU Kangting, HU Tianqi, WANG Yunge, XU Gang Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (1): 65-72.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.01.009 Abstract （658）   HTML （34）    PDF （3014KB）（847）       Knowledge map    Save Accurately investigating mangrove biomass is beneficial for evaluating the carbon sink potential of mangrove ecosystems.Based on field survey data,Landsat 8 remote sensing images and DEM data,22 feature variables were extracted to carry out remote sensing inversion of mangrove biomass in the Ximen Island,which used three machine learning methods:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine model(SVM)and eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost).The results showed:1)Compared to the RF model and SVM model,the XGBoost model had a better estimation performance(R2=0.932,ERMS=0.514 t/hm2,EMA=0.313 t/hm2),which could more accurately estimate the mangrove biomass.2)Among the 10 important characteristic factors selected by Recursive Feature Elimination(RFE),the vegetation index has a relatively high importance in estimating mangrove biomass.3)The biomass inversion map of the XGBoost model,which is composed of 10 important characteristic factors,showed that the estimated mangrove biomass ranges from 9.138 to 29.229 t/hm2,which was similar to the findings of the field survey.It can be seen that the XGBoost algorithm shows good application capabilities in mangrove biomass.This research will provide a technical reference for the accounting of carbon storage in the Chinese mangroves. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Tending Cutting on Phosphorus Content in Mixed Forest of Vernicia montana and Phoebe bournei in Fujian Province ZHENG Lingyu, LI Weihuang, XU Bingyan, WANG Yingzi, HONG Tao Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (2): 59-67.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.02.008 Abstract （339）   HTML （7）    PDF （2112KB）（710）       Knowledge map    Save The disturbance mechanism of phosphorus dynamic structure by tending cutting in the mixed forest of Vernicia montana and Phoebe bournei was clarified,providing a basis for the scientific management of soil phosphorus in this forest.Total phosphorus and available phosphorus content in soil and total phosphorus in branches,leaves,stems and roots of five year old Vernicia montana and Phoebe bournei from Fanqiao State-owned Forest Farm,Nanping,were determined.The impact of tending cutting on phosphorus content in rhizosphere soil and vegetative organs was studied.The results show that:1)Rhizosphere phosphorus enrichment was evident in both Vernicia montana and Phoebe bournei.Total phosphorus and available phosphorus levels in the rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than in non-rhizosphere soil before and after tending cutting(P<0.05).Tending cutting increased total phosphorus and available phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil(P<0.05).At a depth of 0-15 cm,rhizosphere soil phosphorus levels increased with depth for both species.2)Vernicia montana had higher total phosphorus and available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil at different soil depths compared to Phoebe bournei before and after tending cutting.After tending cutting,both total phosphorus content difference and available phosphorus content difference of rhizosphere soil increased at different soil depths of Vernicia montana and Phoebe bournei.The content of total phosphorus in branches,leaves,stems and roots of Vernicia montana and Phoebe bournei were increased by tending cutting.The content of total phosphorus in branches,leaves,stems and roots of Vernicia montana was higher than that of Phoebe bournei before and after tending cutting.3)Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil and total phosphorus in roots and leaves of Vernicia montana and Phoebe bournei(P<0.05),as wll as a significant positive correlation between total phosphorus in roots and total phosphorus in leaves(P<0.05).Tending cutting increased phosphorus content in vegetative organs and rhizosphere soil,with little effect on non-rhizosphere soil phosphorus.It promotes phosphorus activation and absorption in the rhizosphere soil of both.The effect of tending cutting on Vernicia montana was greater than on Phoebe bournei.The Vernicia montana root system is more developed than that of Phoebe bournei,granting it a stronger ability of soil phosphorus activation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Forest Disturbance Detection in Mountainous Areas Based on SAR and Optical Data Fusion WANG Bo, CHEN Yonggang, YAN Yanting Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (3): 60-69.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.03.008 Abstract （640）   HTML （16）    PDF （4571KB）（700）       Knowledge map    Save Efficient forest disturbance detection methods can prevent and mitigate forest disasters in time and protect the ecosystem.To address the issue of forest interference in mountainous areas,which is often affected by terrain when integrating multi-source data,this study develops a slope direction classification algorithm to delineate the detection area.This mitigates the effect of terrain relief on the radar rate of change(RCR).A novel forest disturbance detection method was proposed on the basis of the fusion of synthetic aperture radar(SAR)and optical satellite data,utilizing an enhanced RCR approach with NDVI time series.The results were as follows:1)The enhanced RCR methodology markedly expands the detection area 19.48% through the slope classification method,encompassing a greater scope of interference areas and enhancing the detection accuracy.2)The overall detection accuracy based on the fusion data of SAR and optical satellite is 89.24%,which is 11.11% and 13.32% higher than that of SAR and optical satellite with only a single sensor.Compared with the single-sensor method,this research method can obtain rich,continuous detection information under different time and weather conditions,and it has greater potential and advantages in improving the detection capability of forest disturbance,which can provide more comprehensive and accurate information support for forest resource management and ecological protection in the future. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vegetation Community Characteristics in Hungou Area of Lishan National Nature Reserve WANG Gangshi, ZHANG Haijun, WANG Zhimin, JIA Zefan Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (3): 144-152.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.03.018 Abstract （346）   HTML （6）    PDF （1996KB）（699）       Knowledge map    Save Mastering the characteristics of vegetation communities in the Hungou area can provide a reference for the deeper research into forest community succession law and internal mechanism in Hungou,and provide a scientific basis for the study of the protection of zonal forest in the warm temperate zone.Using the method of route survey and sample survey,the community types were determined by important values.The species composition,floristic characteristics and community characteristics of the Hungou area in Lishan National Nature Reserve were studied and systematically analyzed and the spatial pattern of vegetation communities,such as vertical distribution and slope distribution was analyzed.The results showed that:1)There were 443 species of vascular plants in the study area,belonging to 93 families and 267 genera.2)The distribution types of seed plant families can be divided into 10 types.The distribution types of genera can be divided into 14 types,and the distribution types of species can be divided into 11 types.It is divided into 6 groups of vegetation type,9 vegetation types,28 formations and 43 associations.3)Zonal vegetation is broad-leaved forest in the warm temperate zone,but plant communities with subtropical components are scattered.The research results have preliminarily grasped the characteristics of vegetation communities in the Hungou area. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Dominant Causes and Rescue Casualties of Forest Fires in China from 2000 to 2022 WANG Ao, WANG Chenghu, GAO Guiyun, WANG Mingyu Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (1): 1-7.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.01.001 Abstract （1299）   HTML （71）    PDF （1400KB）（646）       Knowledge map    Save In order to analyze the main causes of forest fires and casualties in China over the past 20 years,based on the case records of forest fire fighting casualties and statistical data on relevant meteorological factors(average temperature,average precipitation,average wind speed)from 2000 to 2022,statistical analysis and correlation analysis method were used to analyze the main causes of forest fire and the main causes of casualties in fire fighting.The results showed:1)From 2000 to 2022,a total of 134,671 forest fires occurred in China.Among these the period of high incidence of forest fires was from 2003 to 2010.Severe climatic conditions were the main cause of forest fires during that period.In the past 10 years,more than 97% of forest fires have been caused by humans.In regions such as Guangxi,Yunnan,and Guizhou where agriculture and forestry are closely integrated,forest fire accidents occur frequently.2)Analysis of typical forest fire fighting cases shows that the accidents resulting in direct casualties caused by geographical environment,combustible conditions,meteorological conditions and fire activities account for the dominant part,while the casualties caused by non-indirect causes such as asphyxia,accidents and improper operation of fire fighting equipment also occasionally occurred.The research shows that the main causes of forest fires in China are meteorological factors and human factors,with casualties primarily resulting from unfavorable natural conditions.The main causes of forest fires and the causes of casualties are elaborated to provide a reference for efficient firefighting,scientific and accurate command. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics and discussion on protection and management strategies of ancient and notable trees in China JIANG Chunying, SUN Zhichao, YU Shiyong, HOU Chuncai, YANG Xueqing Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (1): 6-16.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.01.002 Abstract （282）   HTML （105）    PDF （1447KB）（594）       Knowledge map    Save To gain an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of ancient and notable tree resources in China,based on the data from the second national census of ancient and notable tree resources,this study analyzes the quantity,types,spatial distribution,growth characteristics,and health status of ancient and notable trees,and explores the multiple challenges faced by current protection management in terms of responsibility awareness,ownership management,ecological protection,and technological application.The results showed that there are a total of 5.0819 million ancient and notable trees in China,including 1.2213 million scattered ancient and notable trees,belonging to 2553 species of 608 genera in 157 families,mainly distributed in Northern China and southern regions.The ownership is mostly collective,with the majority being third-grade ancient trees.The tree height is concentrated between 10-20 m,the chest circumference is concentrated between 100-300 cm,and the crown width is concentrated between 5-20 m.There is a significant correlation between the growth potential of ancient trees and their growth environment.Under the current situation,in order to better protect ancient and notable tree resources,it is necessary to further optimize management strategies,implement graded and classified protection,improve financial support,establish a sound legal and educational system,and promote technological empowerment. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services Vlaue in the Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve LIU Bingcang, YANG Haijiang Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (3): 18-24.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.03.003 Abstract （802）   HTML （28）    PDF （1361KB）（580）       Knowledge map    Save The assessment of forest ecosystem service value and its changes is of great practical significance for the protection and management of forest ecosystems,and can provide a reference for achieving regional economic-social-ecological synergistic development.Based on remote sensing data and related mapping data,the ecosystem service value(ESV)accounting method was used to assess the forest ecosystem service function of Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve and identify its hotspots of change from 1980 to 2020.The results show that:1)Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve is rich in forest resources,with a total forest area of about 636 600 hm2 and a forest coverage rate of 14.44%.Over time,the overall area has shown an increasing trend over the past 40 years,with a total increase of about 11,300 hm2 and a growth rate of 1.81%.2)The forests in the reserve possess great ecosystem service value,and from the perspective of time change,the ESV increased from 45 444 000 000 Yuan to 60 628 000 000 Yuan from 1980 to 2020,with a growth rate of 33.41%,which has shown an obvious increasing trend.From the perspective of the ESV contribution of different ecosystem types,forested land>shrubland>thin forest land>other forest land.In terms of specific ecosystem service values,soil conservation>water conservation>flood storage>tourism and cultural services>carbon sequestration>windbreaks and sand solidification>forest product production.3)Based on the prediction of hotspot areas of ecosystem service function and value change in the reserve,the value of regulating services is extremely vulnerable to the ecosystem change.The hotspot areas for the value change of provisioning services and cultural services remain stable in general,while areas prone to decrease account for 44.21% of the total protected area,which requires close attention.The results of the study provide important scientific insights for forest ecosystem assessment in Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inversion of Main Tree Species’ Volume in Hainan Based on Airborne LiDAR Point Cloud Data LI Jie, LIU Xiaotong, GAO Jinping, FU Anmin, WU Fayun Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (3): 25-32.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.03.004 Abstract （413）   HTML （16）    PDF （965KB）（580）       Knowledge map    Save The accurate estimation of forest volume is the basis for improving the level of sustainable forest management.Based on the airborne laser point cloud data,49 laser point cloud feature variables were generated.Combined with the ground survey sample data,three methods of fixed parameter,Pearson screening,and stepwise regression screening were used to screen out the independent variables used for modeling,and then linear and nonlinear regression fitting was used to establish the accumulation models of the three main tree species in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.The results show that:1)Among the linear and nonlinear models of the three tree species(Acacia confusa,Hevea brasiliensis, Eucalyptus robusta),the accuracy of the optimal models was above 0.83 with A.confusa and E.robusta having better nonlinear models,and H.brasiliensis having a better linear model.2)The height class variable has the greatest influence on the accumulation model.The intensity and density of the laser point cloud have a greater influence on the accumulation model,and the coverage class variable also has some influence.The structural parameters obtained from airborne LiDAR data play an important role in modeling,and can be popularized and used in related operational work in the future. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Generalized Additive Model Based on Meteorological Factors in Forest Fire Prediction in Fujian Province CHEN Guofu, LI Chunhui, CHEN Zhenxiong Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (4): 94-102.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.04.011 Abstract （271）   HTML （3）    PDF （1800KB）（575）       Knowledge map    Save Predicting forest fire occurrences is crucial for fire prevention and management.This study used historical forest fire and meteorological data from Fujian Province(from 2010 to 2020)to apply the Logistic Regression Model and Generalized Additive Model(GAM)with six types of smooth spline bases[Gaussian Process Smoothing Spline Basis(GP),Cubic Regression Spline Basis(CR),Thin Plate Regression Spline Basis(TP),Duchon Spline Basis(DS),B-Spline Basis(BS),and P-Spline Basis(PS)]to predict forest fire occurrences.By comparing the performance of these models,their effectiveness in forest fire prediction was evaluated.The results indicate the following.1)The logistic regression model achieved an accuracy of 74.80% on the training set and 75.97% on the test set,demonstrating its baseline performance.Overall,the predictive accuracy of the GAM was generally superior to that of the Logistic Regression Model,with the TP spline basis-based GAM performing the best.Its accuracy on the training and test sets was improved by 3.86% and 2.52%,respectively,compared to the logistic regression model.2)Based on the optimal GAM,the forest fire risk levels in Fujian Province are delineated.The results revealed that areas with moderate to high fire risk are primarily concentrated in the northwest and southeast regions,while the Western and Eastern regions exhibit low fire risk.GAM arebetter at capturing complex nonlinear relationships,making them suitable for predicting forest fire occurrences in complex ecological environments. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Individual Tree Segmentation Algorithm of Pinus MassonianaForest Based on Fusion Point Cloud Data LI Wei, WANG Xiaohong Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (2): 92-100.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.02.011 Abstract （635）   HTML （7）    PDF （3512KB）（572）       Knowledge map    Save LiDAR technology has a great advantage in forest resources investigation,but the data collected by a single platform often has scanning blind spots,which makes it difficult to obtain complete forest structure information.For this reason,we take the Pinus massoniana forests as the research object and explore the suitability algorithm for individual tree segmentation of Pinus massoniana forests based on fusion point cloud data.We first proposed a method for fusing forest-sample point cloud data.Then,we adopted the marker-controlled watershed algorithm,distance-based clustering algorithm,and the layer stacking algorithm for the Pinus massoniana forests for individual tree segmentation.Finally,tree heights were extracted to verify the applicability of the fusion point cloud for estimating forest structural parameters.The experimental results are as follows:1)The proposed fusion point cloud method can effectively fuse airborne lidar point cloud and hand-held lidar point cloud with a registration error of 0.054 m.2)Among the three tree segmentation algorithms,the marker-controlled watershed algorithm has the highest segmentation accuracy,with an overall accuracy of 0.88,which is higher than the distance-based clustering algorithm and the layer stacking algorithm.3)The extracted tree height of individual tree segmented using the marker-controlled watershed algorithm has an R2 of 0.983 7 and an RMSE of 0.759 6 m based on the fusion point cloud data,which is a significant improvement in accuracy compared to single point cloud data.The results of the study can provide technical support for the application of multi-source LiDAR in forestry field and the management of forest resources in Pinus massoniana forests. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of Different Vegetation Restoration Types on Soil in the Wind-sand Inflow Section of the Hobq Desert HAO Siran, MENG Zhongju Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (5): 96-105.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.05.011 Abstract （559）   HTML （9）    PDF （1967KB）（549）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the influence of sandy vegetation restoration on the properties of wind-sand soil,which is crucial for the rational conservation and adaptive management of regional soil and water resources.The research focuses on four typical communities of artificial vegetation communities in the Hobq Desert sand inflow section:18-year-old Corethrodendron scoparium forest(HB),Salix matsudana+Populus simonii+Caragana korshinkii+Elaeagnus angustifolia mixed forest(HYNZ),Populus simonii+Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica Litv.mixed forest(YS),Populus simonii+Salix psammophila mixed forest(YL).The differences in soil properties under the four vegetation restoration types were comparatively analyzed through the combination of in situ sampling in the field and indoor laboratory tests.1)By planting artificial vegetation,the content of fine particulate matter of soil under different vegetation restoration types was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the content of coarse sand particles was decreased.2)Soil pH under different vegetation restoration types was decreased by 0.18~0.83.The effect of the four vegetation types on the electrical conductivity showed that HB>YL>HYNZ>YS.3)Soil bulk density significantly decreased under all vegetation restoration types (P<0.05),with the most considerable change observed in the surface layer.4)After vegetation restoration,soil nutrients were improved to different degrees. There was an obvious epimerization characteristic. The increase of mixed forests was higher than that of Corethrodendron scoparium fores. Artificial vegetation restoration promotes soil recovery in the Hobq Desert sands inlet section by developing fine-grained soil structures and enhancing soil nutrient cycling. Based on the prevailing soil and water resources,it is recommended to construct a protective vegetation system with a diverse array of arboreal and herbaceous species,which is more conducive to the long-term restoration of the regional ecosystem in the Hobq Desert region. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessment and Analysis of Carbon Storage in Aksu Kekeya Ecosystem Based on the InVEST Model ZHANG Zhaoxiang, LUO Qinghong, HE Miao, NING Husen, ZHANG Zhijun, BAO Qiang, SUN Qian Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (5): 148-156.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.05.016 Abstract （376）   HTML （13）    PDF （2205KB）（520）       Knowledge map    Save Ecosystem carbon storage is a key indicator of ecosystem function and plays a crucial role in maintaining regional carbon balance,guiding ecological restoration,and informing management strategies.This study aims to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon storage in the Kekeya ecosystem and compare carbon storage across different ecosystem level susing 2020 land use data,forest inventory data,and standard plot survey data.Carbon storage in the Kekeya engineering area was assessed using the carbon module of the InVEST model.1)The total carbon density of the Kekeya engineering area is 71.76 t/hm2,with total carbon storage 8.27×106 t.Carbon storage across ecosystem levels is distributed as follows:soil carbon storage(6.16×106 t)>underground biological carbon storage(1.12×106 t)>above-ground biological carbon storage(9.64×105 t)>dead organic carbon storage(2.59×104 t).Carbon storage by land types is as follows:Forest land(6.21×106 t)>cultivated land(9.82×105 t)>grassland(5.56×105 t)>construction land(3.69×105 t)>unused land(1.07×105 t)>water area(4.32×104 t).2)Carbon storage in the Kekeya engineering area is spatially uneven,with the central,eastern and southeast regions exhibiting the highest storage,shows moderate storage,and the southwestern region has the lowest.Aboveground carbon storage in Kekeya engineering area is strongly positively correlated with the underground biomass layer and the soil carbon.The carbon storage within 60 cm of soil layer in the Kekeya engineering area are 6.16×106 t,accounting for 74.49% of the total carbon storage in the Kekeya ecosystem.Soil carbon is the main carbon pool in the Kekeya engineering area.Future ecological restoration efforts should prioritize expanding forested land and protecting cultivated land to enhance ecosystem stability and health in the Kekeya region.This approach provides valuable insights for designing ecological restoration projects in the Tarim River Basin. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Soil Moisture and Carbon-Nitrogen Content on the Productivity of Flat Stubble Caragana korshinskii Forest in the Northwestern Shanxi Sandstorm Region XUE Yue, ZHAO Fengxia, LI Yajie, JI Wenxia, MENG Dan Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (5): 56-65.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.05.007 Abstract （328）   HTML （10）    PDF （2992KB）（499）       Knowledge map    Save Since the implementation of the Three-North(i.e.,Northeast China,North China and Northwest China)Shelterbelt Forest Program,Caragana korshinskii forest has become a crucial ecological barrier for wind prevention and sand fixation in the northwestern Shanxi sandstorm region.Therefore,investigating the impact mechanisms of soil moisture and carbon-nitrogen content on the aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP)of Caragana korshinskii under stubble disturbance is vital for local artificial vegetation construction and regional ecological stability.In this study,flat stubble Caragana korshinskii in its first-year in the northwestern Shanxi sandstorm region was used as the research object.Independent sample T-tests,linear regression models,and random forest models were employed to study the changes in productivity of flat stubble Caragana korshinskii and the effects of soil moisture and soil carbon-nitrogen content at different radial distances and soil layers on this productivity.1)The ANPP of the un-flat-stubble Caragana korshinskii was significantly higher than that of the flat stubble Caragana korshinskii 20~<40 cm (P<0.01).Soil moisture content at depth and 0.25 m from the stem(R2=0.456,P=0.016),soil total nitrogen content at 40~<60 cm(R2=0.363,P=0.038)and soil moisture content at depth and 0.5 m from the stem(R2=0.465,P=0.015)were significantly positively correlated with the productivity of flat stubble Caragana korshinskii forest.2)The random forest model results indicated that the most important soil limiting factor affecting ANPP changes after stubble disturbance was soil moisture content at 20~<40 cm depth and 0.5 m from the stem.The study suggests that future management of Caragana korshinskii forests should focus on soil moisture and carbon-nitrogen content at 20~<60 cm soil depth in root-dense areas,particularly the response of soil moisture at the 20~<40 cm soil layer to ANPP.This approach will optimize the restoration strategy of Caragana korshinskii forests in the northwestern Shanxi sandstorm region and enhance the sustainability of the ecological functions of the Three-North Shelterbelt Program. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Soil Physicochemical Properties and Plant Diversity Characteristics of Cupressus funebris with Different Stand Ages in Limestone Mountain Areas YANG Yuhao, WANG Lingling, ZHANG Yong, ZHANG Quanzhi, SUN Hanjing, WANG Wenpeng, ZHOU Benzhi, WANG Zeng Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2024, 0 (5): 106-115.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.05.012 Abstract （348）   HTML （7）    PDF （3212KB）（487）       Knowledge map    Save The investigation of the impact of Cupressus funebris forests of varying ages on soil physicochemical properties and plant diversity in limestone mountainous regions is of paramount importance for vegetation restoration in fragile ecosystems within rocky desertification zones.Focusing on Cupressus funebris forests in the limestone mountainous areas of Fuyang District,Hangzhou City,Zhejiang Province,China,this study categorized the forests into control(limestone non-stocked land),young forests,middle-aged forests,and near-mature forests.Employing the space-for-time substitution method,along with Pearson correlation analysis and Redundancy Analysis(RDA),the study explored the influence of Cupressus funebris forests of different ages on soil physicochemical properties and plant diversity in limestone mountainous regions.1)The soil bulk density of Cupressus funebris forests of all ages was lower than that of non-stocked land,whereas the maximum water-holding capacity,capillary water-holding capacity,minimum water-holding capacity,and moisture content of the soil,were higher.Among them,middle-aged forests had the lowest soil bulk density and the highest water-holding capacity,while young forests had the highest moisture content.2)The soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,and hydrolyzable nitrogen contents of Cupressus funebris forests of different ages were higher than those of non-stocked land,with middle-aged forests exhibiting the highest contents.3)The species richness of Cupressus funebris forests of all ages was higher than that of non-stocked land.Middle-aged forests exhibited the greatest species richness in both tree and herb layers,whereas young forests showed the greatest richness in the shrub layer.The Simpson dominance index of Cupressus funebris forests of all ages was higher than that of non-stocked land,and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of young and middle-aged forests was significantly higher than that of non-stocked land.4)Correlation analysis and RDA indicated that pH was the primary factor influencing soil physicochemical properties and plant diversity in the region,followed by water-holding capacity,bulk density,moisture content,total phosphorus,and hydrolyzable nitrogen.In summary,the soil physicochemical properties and plant diversity of Cupressus funebris forests in limestone mountainous regions were significantly superior to those of non-stocked land,with middle-aged forests demonstrating the best overall performance.Cupressus funebris had a significant effect on improving soil in limestone mountainous regions,with effects varying by forest age. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics