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Analysis of spatiotemporal variation and meteorological drivers of major and catastrophic lightning-caused forest fires in the Greater Khingan Mountains ZHAO Yaxin, LI Shuyang, ZHOU Xiangbei, NING Jibin, WANG Mingyu, YANG Guang, SUN Jian Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2026, 0 (1): 46-57.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2026.01.005 Abstract （385）   HTML （26）    PDF（pc） （1771KB）（133）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of major and catastrophic lightning-caused forest fires in the Greater Khingan Mountains and the main meteorological drivers,a three-temporal scale (daily,monthly,and annual) was set up.Using forestry bureaus as the basic statistical units to quantitatively analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics from 2002 to 2023.Logistic regression models and random forest models were used to identify the main meteorological drivers factors for major lightning-caused fires in the Greater Khingan Mountains and to investigate the influence of meteorological elements in different periods (T0—T7) on the occurrence of major lightning-caused fires.The results showed that:1) A total of 77 major and catastrophic lightning-caused fires occurred from 2002 to 2023,mainly from May to September,with June as the peak period.Spatially,they were concentrated in Huzhong,Qiqian and Mangui,especially in Huzhong.2) Mean temperature is the dominant meteorological driver,followed by evaporation,mean relative humidity,and sunshine duration.3) Both the logistic regression and the random forest model performed well (AUC values were all greater than 0.85),and the random forest showed stronger discriminatory ability (AUC=0.964),and higher prediction accuracy (ACC=0.891).4) Meteorological variables 5 days before the fire occurrence (T5) had the greatest impact on the occurrence of major catastrophic lightning-caused forest fires in the Greater Khingan Mountains.The results provide theoretical basis and reference for the prevention and control of major and catastrophic lightning-caused forest fires in the Greater Khingan Mountains. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research progress on remote sensing of pine wilt disease based on phased prevention and control YANG Chen, LI Yichen, ZHANG Maobin, LI Xin, SHI Wenjie, ZE Sangzi, MA Yunqiang Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (5): 121-128.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.05.013 Abstract （351）   HTML （15）    PDF（pc） （930KB）（147）       Knowledge map    Save Pine wilt disease(PWD),characterized by rapid onset and high mortality rate constitutes a severe threat to forest ecological security in China.Consequntly,the timely and accurate monitoring of infected trees is imperative for mitigating its spread..Centered on the physiological and morphological attributes of PWD-infected pine trees across varying disease stages(early,middle,late,and terminal),this paper systematically reviews the monitoring principles and research progress in remote sensing unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote sensing,and multi-source remote sensing data fusion technologies.The analysis reveals that while remote sensing exhibits distinct advantages in large-scale macroscopic surveys of infected trees at the middle,late,and terminal stages,its efficacy in detecting faint early-stage signals is hampered by constraints in spatial,temporal,and spectral resolution.UAV-based visible-light and multispectral remote sensing combine high spatial resolution with relatively cost-effectiveness for middle- and late-stage monitoring,however,they frequently fail to capture early physiological stress signals.Conversely,UAV hyperspectral remote sensing,benefiting from its continuous narrow-band characteristics,serves as the most potent approach for discerning subtle spectral changes at the early stage,despite challenges associated with high cost and complex data processing.By integrating multi-dimensional spatiotemporal information,multi-source remote sensing data fusion can mitigate the limitations inherent in individual data sources,representing an important development direction for achieving fine-scale,full-cycle monitoring of infected trees.Finally,considering the limitations of existing studies,this paper outlines future perspective on the development of low-cost,high-sensitivity sensors and the construction of full-cycle intelligent early-warning platforms,providing theoretical support and technical references for the scientific prevention and control of pine wilt disease. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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State transition,regional differences,and constraining factors of of new quality productive forces in China's forestry sector XUE Zexi, HUANG Ansheng Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 1-13.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.001 Abstract （323）   HTML （30）    PDF（pc） （3557KB）（165）       Knowledge map    Save Exploring the new quality productive forces within the forestry sector is of paramount significance for achieving high-quality development.Drawing on panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2012 to 2022,this study constructed an indicator system for new quality productive forces in forestry.It employs a comprehensive suite of methodologies including the entropy method,kernel density estimation,trend-surface analysis,temporal and spatial Markov chains,Dagum Gini coefficient,and obstacle degree model to analyze the dynamic evolutionary trend,state transition pathway,source of regional differences,and primary obstacle factors of new quality productive forces in forestry.The results indicated that:1)The level of new quality productive forces in China's forestry sector generally showed a mildly upward fluctuation,with a spatial differentiation pattern where the central region ranks highest,followed by the eastern,western,and northeastern regions.2)During the study period,the polarization pattern of these productive forces evolved from a "fault-line" to a "stepwise" pattern,and the primary source of spatial differentiation had transitioned from the east-west divide to the north-south divide.3)The state transition exhibited spatial characterized by 'high-high' and 'low-low' club convergence alongside asymmetrical spatial effects of "neighbor-induced degradation" and "neighbor-induced suppression". Furthermore,high-level regions exhibit a dual effect of "technological barriers" and "resource siphoning".4)The regional differences showed characteristics of a decrease in overall fluctuation and a slow reduction within regions,contrasted by a continuous expansion between regions.This is predominantly driven by a dynamic interprovincial competitive pattern of "cross-regional leapfrogging". 5)The development of new quality productive forces in forestry was primarily constrained by factors including technological investment,talent support,financial support,and resource utilization.It recommends to establish a north-south coordinated development corridor in the forestry sector:implement incentive strategies for high-level regions;break rigid development trajectories;as well as adopt region-specific and targeted policy measures to stimulate the input of key production factors. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Evaluation and screening of fire-resistant performance of major native afforestation tree species in eastern Qinghai Province WANG Qiaoyu, ZHANG Hongwei, HU Shurong, WANG Lina Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 72-82.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.007 Abstract （282）   HTML （7）    PDF（pc） （1530KB）（61）       Knowledge map    Save By evaluating the fire resistance of native afforestation tree species in eastern Qinghai Province,this study clarifies the disparities in fire resistance and the application value of different species,providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for regional forest fire prevention and forestry ecological construction.This study focus on 14major native afforestation tree species in eastern region of Qinghai Province.The physicochemical properties and combustibility traits(moisture content,ignition point,calorific value,ash content,crude fat)of their different organs(leaves and branches)were determined.Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),a comprehensive fire resistance evaluation index model was established based on three dimensions:physicochemical combustion properties,bio-ecological characteristics,and afforestation economic traits.The comprehensive ranking of fire resistance performance of the 14 tree species was obtained in descending order as follow:Ulmus pumila,Caragana korshinskii,Tamarix chinensis,Populus tomentosa Carrière,Populus davidiana,Salix oritrepha,Cotoneaster multiflorus,Picea crassifolia,Betula albosinensis,Sorbus pohuashanensis,Pinus tabuliformis,Potentilla glabra,Sabina przewalskii,Hippophae rhamnoides.The results showed that among the tree species in eastern Qinghai Province,Ulmus pumila is a native afforestation tree species with strong fire-resistant,wide adaptability,and economic applicability,followed by Caragana korshinskii,Tamarix chinensis,Populus tomentosa,Populus davidiana,etc.Pinus tabuliformis,Potentilla glabra,Sabina przewalskii,and Hippophae rhamnoides are not suitable for ultivation as pure stands for fire prevention.The study screened out native fire-resistant tree species suitable for the local area,providing theoretical support for considerations related to forest fire prevention in regional afforestation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on differentiated standard for forest eco-compensation in Sichuan Province based on ecological compensation priorities sequence LIN Bo, LIU Haibin Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 38-47.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.004 Abstract （272）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （1318KB）（76）       Knowledge map    Save Establishing and improving the forest ecological compensation standard system is a crucial measure for implementing the Regulations on Ecological Protection Compensation and advancing ecological civilization construction.It holds significant importance for establishing a long-term mechanism for ecological environmental protection and accelerating the progress of ecological civilization.To refine the forest ecological compensation standard system and provide a basis for policy formulation,this study develops a multidimensional compensation standard calculation framework based on the direct costs of establishing and maintaining the forest ecosystem in Sichuan Province,the opportunity costs incurred,and the value of ecosystem services.By introducing an Engel coefficient-modified Pearl growth model,is introduced to estimate the forest ecological compensation standards in Sichuan Province.Additionally,the urgency of receiving ecological compensation for 21 cities(prefectures)is quantified according to differences in Ecological Compensation Priority Sequence,and regional compensation differential standards are calculated based on the proportion of ecological public welfare forests and natural commercial forests to the total land area.The results indicate:1)The minimum,maximum,and currently feasible standards for forest ecological compensation in Sichuan Province are 6 991.4 yuan/(hm2·a)、60 123.6 yuan/(hm2·a)and 3 176.6 yuan/(hm2·a),respectively,opportunity costs dominate the minimum compensation,and there are significant differences in compensation standards among cities.2)The Ecological Compensation Priority Sequence ranges from 0.04 to 19.92.Six cities(prefectures),including Ganzi、Aba、Liangshan and Ya’an,are identified as regions with "high ecological service value output but low economic development levels" and should be prioritized for compensation.3)The distribution of ecological public welfare forests and natural commercial forests aligns with areas of high ecological importance.The differentiated compensation standards show a positive correlation with the proportion of these forests,meaning that for every 1% increase in their proportion,the compensation standard rises by approximately 78 yuan/(hm2·a).The findings of this study can effectively identify priority areas for compensation,provide a simple and reliable indicator for implementing differentiated ecological compensation and establishing a horizontal compensation mechanism based on forest area proportion,and offer a scientifically quantified basis for determining forest ecological compensation standards. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The impact of digital economy on the high-quality development of forestry economy—An empirical analysis based on panel data from 30 China provinces LIU Zongfei, ZHANG Yinxue, YAN Qianqian Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 14-25.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.002 Abstract （262）   HTML （18）    PDF（pc） （1141KB）（155）       Knowledge map    Save To systematically examine the impact,dimensional differences,and regional heterogeneity of the digital economy on the high-quality development of the forestry economy,this study utilizes a fixed-effects model to analyze panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2013 to 2022.The results showed that:1)From 2013 to 2022,the overall level of high-quality development of China's forestry economy exhibited a fluctuating upward trend.2)The development of the digital economy can significantly enhance the high-quality development of the forestry economy,a conclusion that remains robust after a series of validation tests.Moreover,the three dimensions of the digital economy show a significant promotional effect,though their impact intensity varies considerably,with the driving effect of digital industrialization being the most prominent.3)Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the promoting effect of the digital economy on the high-quality development of the forestry economy shows significant regional disparities,with its impact on the central and western regions being substantially stronger than on the eastern region.The study suggests that differentiated policies should be formulated according to regional characteristics to enhance the synergy between the digital economy and the high-quality development of the forestry economy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Ecological security assessment of Poyang Lake by using ecological niche model and its key influencing factors SONG Zhenjiang, LENG Mingni, WU Baoshu, KANG Xiaolan Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 48-59.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.005 Abstract （248）   HTML （9）    PDF（pc） （25731KB）（44）       Knowledge map    Save Wetlands serve as vital natural resources for humanity and fulfill indispensable ecological functions within terrestrial ecosystems.To promote the harmonious development of the human and nature in the wetland system,the ecological security evaluation index system is constructed from three dimensions,involving water quality safety,gross primary productivity level,and geographical endowment.Using the ecological niche theory,the ecological security level of Poyang Lake from 2013 to 2018 was calculated,and the Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)Model was constructed to identify the key influencing factors of Poyang Lake's ecological security.The performance of water quality safety in different years and the impact of key indicators on the primary productivity of the lake area were analyzed.The results showed that:1)From 2013 to 2018,the ecological niche width of both the dry and wet seasons exhibited an overall ascending tendency,with the ecological security of the wet season being superior to that of the dry season.2)From 2013 to 2018,the ecological niche overlap during the dry season demonstrated a general downward trend,while the wet season initially declined and then stabilized,with the ecological niche overlap in the wet season being significantly lower than that in the dry season.3)From the regression analysis,the ecological security levels of both the dry season and the wet season showed a significant improvement trend.The ecological security of the Poyang Lake area was generally stable and showed a steady growth trend,but the ecological level in some areas declined due to the interference of industrial and agricultural activities.The lakeside industrial park and the low embankment were the core disturbance factors of Poyang Lake's ecological security,which posed a threat to the harmonious coexistence of human and nature in the region. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Mechanism linking multidimensional environmental attributes of national parks to place attachment and psychological restoration LIN Zheng, HUANG Qitang Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 83-90.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.008 Abstract （247）   HTML （7）    PDF（pc） （922KB）（39）       Knowledge map    Save With the advancement of the “Healthy China” initiative and the development of China’s national park system,the health-promoting functions of protected areas have attracted increasing attention.Taking Wuyishan National Park as a case study,this research develops a conceptual model of “multidimensional environmental attributes-place attachment-psychological restoration”.Based on 536 on-site questionnaire responses,the measurement model was validated and structural path were tested within a structural equation modeling (SEM)framework to elucidate how park environmental attributes influence visitors’ psychological restoration through place attachment.Multidimensional environmental attributes were categorized as natural,social,symbolic,and built attributes,while place attachment comprises place identity and place dependence.The results showed that:1)natural attributes exerted the strongest direct effect on psychological restoration,indicating that the health benefits of national parks are primarily supported by their ecological foundations(e.g.,natural landscapes,biological resources,and air quality).2)symbolic attributes affected psychological restoration mainly indirectly via place identity,suggesting that cultural imagery and the meanings attached to the place can enhance restorative experiences by strengthening visitors’ place identity.3)Natural,social,and built attributes operated more stronglythrough place dependence,implying that functional factors such as accessibility,activity support,and service facilities can promote psychological restoration by reinforcing visitors’ place dependence.Overall,place attachment partially mediatedplays a partial mediating role between multidimensional environmental attributes and psychological restoration,and different environmental dimensions correspond to distinc attachment pathways.This study provides empirical evidence for understanding the mechanism through which environmental attributes shape psychological restoration in national parks,and offers implications for optimizing environmental design and enhancing health-service provision on the basis of ecological conservation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Physiological response and drought resistance evaluation of nine ground cover plant species under drought stress DUAN Lianfeng, LI Ying, DONG Yan, WANG Zelong, AI Xinyao, PAN Xin, YU Shouchao, LI Jun Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 100-110.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.010 Abstract （247）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （12184KB）（44）       Knowledge map    Save In order to screen the ground cover plants with strong drought resistance suitable for planting in Beijing,eight drought-resistance indices such as catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,malondialdehyde(MDA)molality,proline(Pro),soluble protein(SP),starch and soluble sugar(SS)mass fractions were determined by observing the overall growth and leaf damage of plants.The drought resistance of 9 ground cover plants,including Clematis heracleifolia,Potentilla chinensis,Nepeta cataria,Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium,Oplismenus undulatifolius,Chrysanthemum indicum,Viola philippica,Taraxacum mongolicum,Carex giraldiana,were comprehensively evaluated by subordinate function analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed 1)During the period of drought stress treatment,POD activity,MDA content,soluble sugar,starch and Pro content increased,soluble protein content and SOD activity decreased initially before increasing,and CAT activity showed an initial increase followed by a subsequent decline.2)Combined with the overall growth of the plant and the damage of the leaves and the comprehensive evaluation results,among the nine species,Potentilla chinensis,Nepeta cataria and Taraxacum mongolicum had stronger drought resistance,and Clematis heracleifolia and Oplismenus undulatifolius had weaker drought resistance.Therefore,dandelion,Potentilla chinensis and Schizonepeta tenuifolia are suitable for promotion and application in Beijing,while water management t is essential for the cultivation of Clematis heracleifolia and Oplismenus undulatifolius are applied. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of ecological sensitivity and driving factors in Hunan Mangshan National Forest Park SUN Hong, HU Fangwen, YUAN Jianhua, LIAO Boru, XIAO Zhipeng, LIAO Kunfu, CHEN Man Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 60-71.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.006 Abstract （241）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （4839KB）（85）       Knowledge map    Save Ecological sensitivity evaluation is a primary method for analyzing the stability of regional ecological environments,playing a significant role in the ecological protection,planning,and utilization of forest park Focusing Mangshan National Forest Park,this study constructed an ecological sensitivity evaluation index system by selecting 13 key indicators across factors such as terrain,vegetation,natural conditions,human activities,and landscape resources.The Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was employed to determine the weights of these indicator factors.Geographic Information System(GIS),Remote Sensing(RS)technologies and Geo-detectors were utilized to analyze the ecological sensitivity and its driving factors.The results showed that:1)The ecological sensitivity of Mangshan National Forest Park exhibited distinct spatial heterogeneity,characterized by a pattern of being high in the east and low in the west,with high- and higher-sensitivity areas predominantly concentrated in the eastern region.2)The high- and higher-sensitivity areas,accounting for 15.13% of the total area,were primarily distributed in the Jiangjunzhai,Tiantai Mountain,Houwangzhai,and Linze Lake scenic areas.3)Moderate sensitivity areas were mainly distributed in the surrounding regions of Tiantai Mountain and Jiangjunzhai in the east,accounting for 19.87% of the total area.Low-sensitivity areas were mainly located in the central and western area,accounting for 30.21% of the total area.these regions were characterized by relatively low elevation and limited distribution of landscape resources.;4)The overall ecological sensitivity of Mangshan National Forest Park was dominated by low- and lower-sensitivity levels,exhibiting a pronounced trend of vertical zonality where sensitivity levels increased with elevation;5)Scenic resource density,cultural landscape elments,proximity to lakes,and elevation were identified as the main driving factors,all demonstrating strong synergistic effects.The interaction between scenic resource density and elevation was the most significant.Natural scenic resources,soil type,vegetation coverage,and road networks were secondary driving factors,while vegetation type,slope,proximity to rivers,land use type,and aspect demonstrated weaker explanatory power.This study revealed the spatial differentiation patterns and driving mechanisms of ecological sensitivity in Mangshan National Forest Park,providing a scientific basis for zone-based management and targeted conservation of the forest park. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Impact mechanism and spatial effect of forestry modernization on common prosperity LI Tao, ZHANG Yuan Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 26-37.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.003 Abstract （236）   HTML （12）    PDF（pc） （1403KB）（62）       Knowledge map    Save Promoting the forestry modernization is of great significance for realization of prosperity.Drawingon the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2014 to 2023,this study empirically analyzes the mechanisms through which forestry modernization contributes common prosperity and spatial spill by using the two-way fixed-effect model and the spatial Durbin model. The results showed that:1)Advancing forestry modernization can significantly improve the level of common prosperity,with noticeable differences across development dimensions. 2)There are heterogeneities in the common prosperity effect of forestry modernization in different geographical locations,forest resource dependence,and the scale of the poor population. 3)Forestry modernization can achieve common prosperity through three paths:namely industrial structure optimization,human capital upgrading,and ecological environment conservation,with the mediating effects declining sequentially. 4)Forestry modernization has a positive spatial spillover effect on common prosperity,and this effect shows an inverted U-shaped pattern with the increase of geographical distance. Accordingly,efforts should be made to accelerate the accessibility of technology and the digitalization of property rights so as to lay a solid foundation for market expansion;implement region-specific development strategies to accurately align new drivers of forestry-related common prosperity;and enhance the level of regional coordinated development to maximize the dividends generated by spatial spillover effects. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Calculation method of forestland quota occupation during the 15th Five-Year Plan period—Taking Guizhou Province as an example CHEN Xuan, LU Peng, TIAN Yingjia, YANG Ting, YUAN Hedi, WANG Hua, SUN Qian Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 121-131.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.012 Abstract （228）   HTML （23）    PDF（pc） （2954KB）（85）       Knowledge map    Save To address the significant deviation between the forestland quota used as a planning indicator calculated by a single method and the actual demand,this study used data from Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2024 and was in line with the overall requirements for forestry and grassland resource allocation during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.Three categories of methods were used to estimate the forestland quota:the new construction land demand method,time-series methods (including the function model,moving average,exponential smoothing,and the gray model),and stepwise regression based on national economic parameters.A multi-model fusion calculation framework was constructed.The credibility of each calculation method was quantified through expert assessment,establishing a multi-dimensional weight allocation system that includes the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),the Precedence Diagram Method (PDM),and the Equal Weighting Method (EWM).The results indicate that:1)There are significant discrepancies among the results calculated by individual methods,ranging from 29 300 to 45 000 hm2.The multi-model fusion result based on AHP,which is 38 300 hm2,passed a rigorous consistency test and can serve as the planning indicator for the forestland quota for occupied forestland in Guizhou Province during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.2)The multi-fmodel fusion approach effectively mitigates the limitations inherent in single-method analyses by integrating their strengths and minimizing individual errors,thereby enhancing the precision and practical utility of the estimation.The calculated forestland quota for occupation can serve as a scientific foundation for formulating the forestland protection and utilization plan in Guizhou Province.Furthermore,it would provide a reference for forestland quota accounting in similar ecological regions,such as the southwestern plateau and mountainous areas. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of stand spatial structure on above-ground biomass of Eucalyptus grandis×urophylla plantations ZHAO Xingkui, HUANG Jinjun, HE Wen, YAO Yuefeng Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 91-99.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.009 Abstract （218）   HTML （13）    PDF（pc） （983KB）（89）       Knowledge map    Save This study elucidates the mechanisms through which stand spatial structure influences above-ground biomass(AGB)in Eucalyptus grandis×urophylla plantations,providing a theoretical basis for optimizing stand spatial structure and enhancing carbon sequestration capacity.Using Eucalyptus grandis×urophylla plantations aged from 2 to 7 years in Guangxi’s Huangmian State-owned Forest Farm.Stand spatial structure was characterized using the uniform angle index,size ratio,opening degree,and competition index.Backward stepwise regression and grey relational analysis were employed to identify key spatial structure factors influencing AGB accumulation across distinct growth stages.The regression model exhibited high explanatory power(R2=0.928).Size ratio,opening degree,and competition index showed significant negative correlations with AGB(P<0.05).Opening degree demonstrated the strongest inhibitory effect on AGB,evidenced by the largest absolute regression coefficient(-1480.402).Grey relational analysis further revealed dynamic age-dependent relationships between spatial structure factors and AGB changes.Early growth stages(2 to 3 years),uniform angle and size ratio exerted dominant influences on AGB.Pre-maturation stages,competition index emerged as the primary limiting factor.Opening degree maintained consistently high relevance across all stages,though its association with AGB exhibited non-monotonic fluctuations with stand age.To optimize resource utilization and AGB accumulation,optimize tree size hierarchy(size ratio)and spatial distribution(uniform angle)at early growth stages(2 to 3 years),implement thinning to alleviate competition pressure(competition index)at near-maturity stages(4 to 7 years),and sustain appropriate canopy openness(opening degree)throughout the rotation cycle.These stratified interventions provide a scientific basis for precision forestry aimed at carbon sequestration enhancement. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Impact of digital-forestry integration on rural residents’ income in mountainous areas—From a dual perspective of human capital and employment opportunities XU Caiyao, YAN Lu, WU Yunxi, LU Yu, KONG Fanbin, YANG Wujian Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (5): 11-24.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.05.002 Abstract （212）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （1262KB）（35）       Knowledge map    Save Exploring the impact and transmission mechanisms of the deep integration of the digital economy and the forestry industry(referred to as “digital-forestry integration” for short)on the income of rural residents in mountainous areas can provide theoretical support and practical implications for promoting income growth and common prosperity in mountainous rural areas.With the county-level panel data from 26 mountainous counties in Zhejiang Province from 2001 to 2023,we empirically analyze the impact and mechanism of digital-forestry integration on the income of rural residents in mountainous areas by using a benchmark regression model,a mediating effect model,and a panel threshold effect model.The results show that:1) digital-forestry integration can significantly increase the income of rural residents in mountainous areas,and this effect is more prominent in regions adopting an ecological development model and ordinary counties than in those adopting a leapfrog development model and county-level cities(districts).2) the upgrading of human capital and the expansion of employment opportunities are two important channels through which digital-forestry integration improves the income of rural residents in mountainous areas.3) the threshold effect test indicates that digital-forestry integration has a single threshold effect with human capital and a double threshold effect with employment opportunities.In summary,accelerating the integrated development of the digital economy and the forestry industry,as well as promoting the upgrading of human capital and the expansion of employment opportunities,can effectively boost the income growth of rural residents in mountainous areas. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Forest land occupation detection in high spatial resolution remote sensing based on spatiotemporal waveband set construction and object-oriented approach LIU Xiaoshuang, JIA Yili, ZHAO Yibing Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (5): 105-113.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.05.012 Abstract （198）   HTML （7）    PDF（pc） （1839KB）（47）       Knowledge map    Save To enhance the automation level and efficiency of forest resource monitoring,we adopted spatiotemporal waveband set construction to meet the requirements of high spatial resolution,large scale,mixed temporal phases,and multi-source data.Object-oriented multi-scale clustering segmentation was employed to conduct change detection in forest-occupied areas.Taking Fengxiang District in Shaanxi Province as an example,data band screening and waveband set construction for two periods(2020 and 2021)were carried out using three types of remote sensing image data:Gaofen-1,Gaofen-6,and Ziyuan-3.Through multi-scale region-growing clustering,pixel-level images were aggregated into object units.At the object level,a threshold was set using the joint features of spectral digital numbers and NDVI to achieve automatic detection of forest-occupied areas.The results show that the spatiotemporal waveband set construction and multi-scale object-oriented segmentation method can effectively separate changed areas from unchanged areas.The automatic detection accuracy of occupied forest land was 82.9%.75.3% of the automatic detection plot contour and the actual occupied land contour were evaluated as "high",and the edge extraction accuracy and detection efficiency had significant advantages.Compared with the mainstream post-classification detection methods based on pixels or object-oriented approaches,this method effectively simplifies the operation process by using high-dimensional segmentation that combines space and time,and can be applied to detect changes in forest-occupied land plots,assisting visual interpretation,thereby improving the detection efficiency of behavior that damages forest resources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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On the paradigm shift of ecological conservation easement contracts from the perspective of protected areas ZOU Limei, SUN Boyang Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2026, 0 (1): 1-12.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2026.01.001 Abstract （192）   HTML （52）    PDF（pc） （1213KB）（473）       Knowledge map    Save The ecological conservation easement contract is constructed on the basis of the easement provisions of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China.Because it bombines public-law regulatory objectives with the private-law form of contract.It differs significantly from the traditional easements established primarily for private benefit and oriented solely toward economic ends.This distinctive character has exposed a series of systematic defects,including the an explicitly green contractual purpose,a one-sided imbalance of rights and obligations,and the weakening of public welfare in the practice of protected areas.Therefore,the ecological conservation easement contracts designed under the old paradigm can no longer meet practical needs.Accordingly,it is necessary to clarify the institutional logic of ecological conservation easements and align the contractual design with the attributes of the rights involved thereby activating the ecological protection function of the easement regime in private law.It is proposed that the contractual purpose be reshaped in accordance with the principle of ecological priority and that a two-way balance of contractual rights and obligations be established.Specifically,clarifying the owner of the dominant land’s responsibilities for dynamic compensation and technical empowerment.quantifying the active stewardship obligations borne by the owner of the servient land and clarifying the owner of the dominant land’s responsibilities for dynamic compensation and technical empowerment.In terms of procedure and relief,the registration based validity rule should be adopted and the performance remedy mechanism should be upgraded,such as creating green application scenarios of the doctrine of changed circumstances,restricting the servient landowner’s exercise of the right to terminate the contract,and constructing the connection mechanism of public and private relief in the case of breach of contract.In this way,the balance can be achieved between the protection of public interests and the safeguarding of private interests. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of harvesting on the combustibility of surface fuels of Alnus hirsuta forest in discontinuous permafrost region YU Wennan, HAN Lidong, WO Xiaotang, ZHAO Chang Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (6): 111-120.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.06.011 Abstract （186）   HTML （7）    PDF（pc） （2139KB）（30）       Knowledge map    Save Amidst global warming and permafrost degradation,forest fire risk in the discontinuous permafrost region of the Greater Khingan Mountains has significantly increased.Fcosing on Alnus hirsuta forest,this study elucidatethe mechanism of different cutting intensities on the combustibility of surface fuels,providing a scientific basis for the sustainable management of forests in this region.Four harvesting intensity treatments were established:control(CK,unharvested),light selective cutting(LC,15%),heavy selective cutting(HC,45%),and clear-cutting(CC,100%).The water content,ignition point,and calorific value of surface fuels(shrubs,herbs,litter,and humus)were measured using the drying method,ignition method,oxygen bomb calorimeter.Linear regression analysis was employed to analyze the physicochemical properties of surface fuels and their interaction mechanisms.The results showed:1)Both the moisture content and ignition point of surface fuels exhibited a decreasingtrend with the escalating harvesting intensity,while the calorific value of displayed an upward trajectory.2)LC exerted no significant effect on the moisture content,ignition point,and calorific value of surface fuels in Alnus hirsuta forests.In contrast,HC and CC significantly reduced the moisture content and ignition point(P<0.05)while elevating the calorific value,thereby exacerbating the potential for forest fires.3)Under the four cutting intensity treatments,overall there was no significant correlation between the ignition point and calorific value of surface fuels,but exhibited a highly significant positive correlation between the ignition point and moisture content(P<0.01).No significant correlation was found between the calorific value of surface fuels and moisture content.In conclusion,the impacts on surface fuel combustibility vary across harvesting intensities in the discontinuous permafrost region of the Greater Khingan Mountains.LC is the optimal choice for sustainable forest management in this region as it ensures the rational utilization of forest resources while minimizing fire hazards. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Estimating key attributes of an ancient-tree group using LiDAR-derived individual-tree segmentation data MENG Haiding, ZHENG Chen, ZENG Weisheng, SUN Zhichao, YU Shiyong, SUN Xiangnan, PANG Junli Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (5): 114-120.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.05.00 Abstract （185）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （2141KB）（35）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the feasibility of applying remote sensing survey methods in the 3rd National Census of Ancient and Famous Trees,this study used field survey data from one ancient-tree-group subcompartment and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-borne LiDAR individual-tree segmentation data in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park.The analogy method and large-tree-based approach were estimated to be the main characteristics of ancient tree groups,including the total number of ancient trees,the mean diameter at breast height(DBH),mean age,mean height,and mean crown width.Three schemes for selecting ‘large trees’ were designed,and for each scheme,seven sets of ‘large trees’ numbers were set,thus forming 21 combinations for comparison and analysis.The results showed:1)Based on the individual tree segmentation data of LiDAR,the three core factors(the number of ancient trees,mean age,and mean DBH)were estimated directly using the analogy method,with relative errors being within 10%;2)Based on overall consideration of tree height and crown width,‘large trees’ were first selected at a quantity 4 times the number of ancient trees observed in the field,subsequent analogy-based estimation reduced the relative errors of the three core factors to within±3%.These findings demonstrate that surveying ancient tree groups is feasible based on LiDAR from UAV.Selecting the appropriate number of "large trees" firstly based on individual tree segmentation data and then using the analogy method for estimation would minimize the errors to the lowest level. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Prediction of carbon storage and carbon sink potential of ecological public welfare forests in Taiyuan city CUI Xiaoling, GAO Hanbo, HU Zhenhua, ZHANG Hanyu, YANG Bin, LIU Bingjie Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2025, 0 (5): 44-52.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.05.005 Abstract （182）   HTML （5）    PDF（pc） （1299KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save This study aim to reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics and trends of carbon storage in in Taiyuan City’s ecological public forests and to assess their carbon sink potential.The findings provide scientific basis for the sustainable regional forests management and the enhancement of carbon sink functions.The ecological public forest inventory resource data of Taiyuan City in 2018 and 2023 were used to estimate carbon storage using a stand biomass model.The carbon storage,carbon density and carbon sink characteristics of different tree species,forest origins and age groups were analyzed.Furthermore,a Logistic empirical model was employed to simulate the dynamics of carbon storage and predict its future sink potential.The results showed:1) From 2018 to 2023,the total carbon storage of ecological public forest stands increased from 2.24 Tg to 3.14 Tg.Middle-aged forests contributed the most to carbon storage,with Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus spp.having the highest values.2) The carbon density of natural forests is higher than that of planted forests.Among all species,Picea asperata,Larix principis-rupprechtii,and Betula L.exhibited the highest carbon densities.3) Projection indicate that the total carbon storage of ecological public forest stands in Taiyuan City will reach 7.21 Tg by 2060,4.07 Tg increase from 2023.The high proportion of young and middle-aged forestssuggests significant future carbon sink potential.Theoverallcarbon storage of ecological public forests in Taiyuan City shows an increasing trend.By adjusting and optimizing the age structure of forests,it is helpful to improve forest quality and further increase carbon storage and overall carbon sink capacity.Protecting and enhancing existing forest resources and improving forest quality are a key strategy for promoting carbon sequestration. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Spatiotemporal Changes in eco-environment quality of Ningxia Zhongwei Shapotou National Nature Reserve based on remote sensing ecological index LI Xuewu, NIU Zhiming, FAN Yufeng, WANG Xinwei, ZHANG Bo, XU Wentong Forest and Grassland Resources Research    2026, 0 (1): 23-33.   DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2026.01.003 Abstract （182）   HTML （34）    PDF（pc） （3897KB）（135）       Knowledge map    Save The desert-oasis ecotone is one of the most sensitive zones to climate change and human activities in arid ecosystems and long-term dynamic monitoring of its eco-environmental quality is of great significance for optimizing regional ecological security assessment and conservation decision-making.Based on remote sensing images of the Ningxia Zhongwei Shapotou National Nature Reserve from four periods,(2013,2016,2019 and 2021),this study constructed the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI),and analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of eco-environmental quality in the study area by combining the grade area transition matrix and the spatial center of gravity transfer model.The results showed that:1) From 2013 to 2021,the eco-environmental quality experienced a phased evolution of internal optimization of low-quality grades,overall obvious improvement,and localized decline and fluctuation.From 2013 to 2016,the transition from Grade I to Grade II dominated the ecological improvement,covering an area of 2 037.71 hm2.The most prominent upward shift from Grade II to Grade III occurred from 2016 to 2019,with an area of 3 399.12 hm2.Obvious degradation occurred from 2019 to 2021 over an area of 5 203.80 hm2,mainly manifested as the reversion from Grade II to Grade I and from Grade III to Grade II.2) The eco-environmental quality of the study area showed clear spatial differentiation,with low-quality zones(Grade I and Grade II) concentrated in the western experimental zone and buffer zone.The eastern and southern parts exhibited better eco-environmental conditions than the western area.Spatially,it presented the phased evolution characteristics of localized restoration in the west,expanded improvement in the north and south,and reversed degradation in the southwest.3) The moderate-quality transition zone represented the most active of eco-environmental change,and the cumulative migration distance of the gravity center for Grade III RSEI was the largest(9 419.67 m).The research results can provide a remote sensing basis for zonal monitoring,differentiated restoration,and ecological management decision-making of nature reserves in the desert-oasis ecotone. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）