施氮和混交固氮树种对尾巨桉磷营养分配及其生长的影响

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.04.015

林草资源研究 ›› 2024›› Issue (4): 135-146.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.04.015

施氮和混交固氮树种对尾巨桉磷营养分配及其生长的影响

李梓华¹(), 姚贤宇¹^,²^,³, 廖子华¹, 熊俊飞⁴, 叶绍明¹^,³^,⁵()

1.广西大学林学院,南宁 530004
2.中国科学院华南植物园,广州 510650
3.广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,南宁 530004
4.中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥 532600
5.广西高校亚热带人工林培育与利用重点实验室,南宁 530004

收稿日期:2024-05-15 修回日期:2024-08-02 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2025-04-18
通讯作者: 叶绍明,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为森林可持续经营理论与技术。Email:yshaoming@163.com
作者简介:李梓华,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为森林培育。Email:2209302009@st.gxu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“尾巨桉诱导降香黄檀根系结瘤与共生固氮行为机制”(32260382);国家自然科学基金项目“速生桉与降香黄檀种间氮素转移行为及根系互作机制”(31460169);国家自然科学—青年基金项目“施氮和引入固氮树种混交对桉树人工林土壤磷组分的影响和微生物机制”(32201549)

Effects of Nitrogen Application and Mixed Planting of Nitrogen-Fixing Tree Species on Phosphorus Distribution and Growth of Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis

LI Zihua¹(), YAO Xianyu¹^,²^,³, LIAO Zihua¹, XIONG Junfei⁴, YE Shaoming¹^,³^,⁵()

1. School of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China
2. South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Science,Guangzhou 510650,China
3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,Nanning 530004,China
4. Experimental Centre of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Pingxiang 532600,China
5. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Artificial Forest Cultivation and Utilization of Higher Education Institutions,Nanning 530004,China

Received:2024-05-15 Revised:2024-08-02 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2025-04-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

固氮树种与尾巨桉混交可以提高土壤氮含量,但这可能造成氮磷比失衡,进而因缺磷使尾巨桉生长受制。厘清固氮树种与尾巨桉混交对土壤氮磷含量及桉树磷养分吸收的影响,对于尾巨桉人工林的可持续经营具有重要意义。选取尾巨桉与固氮树种降香黄檀混交(ME)、尾巨桉纯林施氮(NE)、尾巨桉纯林(PE)为对象,分析不同处理下土壤氮磷水平、尾巨桉生物量、尾巨桉各器官磷浓度和磷积累量差异。结果显示:1)与PE相比,ME、NE处理下的土壤全氮和有效氮含量分别增加36%~46%和20%~40%,尾巨桉生物量和磷积累量分别增加16%~23%和16%~36%。2)ME处理下的土壤有效氮磷比保持稳定,而NE处理下的土壤有效氮磷比显著提高。尾巨桉各器官的磷浓度呈ME>PE>NE的趋势。3)相关性分析和线性回归分析表明,土壤有效磷和有效氮磷比分别可以解释树叶磷浓度变化的16.42%和15.13%。这表明施氮与混交固氮树种显著增加土壤氮含量,但施氮处理会降低土壤有效磷含量和尾巨桉各器官的磷浓度,从而削弱尾巨桉后期生长速率。固氮树种混交处理可维持土壤有效氮磷比平衡,提高尾巨桉各器官磷浓度,促进尾巨桉长期保持快速生长。短期内在尾巨桉人工林中引进固氮树种进行混交,有助于土壤氮磷质量的稳定和尾巨桉的生长。

关键词: 混交林, 固氮树种, 磷浓度, 生物量

Abstract:

Mixing nitrogen-fixing tree species with Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis can enhance soil nitrogen(N)content.However,excessive N may disrupt the N:P ratio and intensify phosphorus(P)limitation for Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis.Understanding the effects of N-fixing tree species on soil N and P content and Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis P nutrients is essential for sustainable nutrient management in Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis plantations.This study included three treatments:Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis mixed with N-fixing species(ME),pure Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis plantation with N application(NE)and pure Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis plantation without fertilization(PE).And this study analyze the differences and seasonal dynamics of soil N and P levels,Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis biomass,P concentration and P accumulation in Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis plants.The results showed that both ME and NE treatments significantly increased soil total N content(from 36% to 46%),available N content(from 20% to 40%),Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis biomass(from 16% to 23%)and P accumulation(from 16% to 36%)compared to the PE treatment.In the ME treatment,the soil available N:P ration remained balanced,whereas it significantly increased in the NE treatment.The P concentration in Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis organs showed the order of ME>PE>NE.Correlation analysis revealed that leaf P concentration was influenced by soil available P(16.42%)and the soil available N:P ratio(15.13%).Both N application and introduction of N-fixing tree species treatments significantly increased soil N content.However,N application decreased phosphorus concentration and AP in all organs of Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis,which aggravated the phosphorus limitation in the later stage of Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis.The mixed treatment of nitrogen-fixing tree species maintained the balance of AP content and the AN:AP ration,alleviating N and P limitations and promoting long-term Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis growth.In the short term,introducing nitrogen-fixing tree species improved soil N and P stability and promoted Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis growth.

Key words: mixed forest, nitrogen-fixing tree species, phosphorus concentration, biomass

中图分类号:

李梓华, 姚贤宇, 廖子华, 熊俊飞, 叶绍明. 施氮和混交固氮树种对尾巨桉磷营养分配及其生长的影响[J]. 林草资源研究, 2024,(4): 135-146.

LI Zihua, YAO Xianyu, LIAO Zihua, XIONG Junfei, YE Shaoming. Effects of Nitrogen Application and Mixed Planting of Nitrogen-Fixing Tree Species on Phosphorus Distribution and Growth of Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2024,(4): 135-146.

图/表 7

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指标	pH	TOC	TN	TP	AN	AP	AN:TN/%	AP:TP/%	N:P	AN:AP
处理F值	7.86^*	8.24^*	19.27^*	3.79^*	25.45^*	5.40^*	0.69	3.79^*	14.7^*	7.59^*
季节F值	0	11.65^*	21.15^*	12.78^*	10.4^*	1.31	3.2	0.16	22.65^*	6.27^*
处理*季节F值	0.15	0.23	0.24	0.18	1.38	1.55	0.61	1.57	0.44	0.98
指标	细根生物量	中根生物量	粗根生物量	巨根生物量	干材生物量	干皮生物量	树枝生物量	树叶生物量	全株生物量
处理F值	11.45^*	4.78^*	26.4^*	8.94^*	23.94^*	23.33^*	15.36^*	0.63	34.23^*
季节F值	3.4	10.54^*	38.56^*	5.63^*	10.18^*	0.11	4.26^*	1.34	7.13^*
处理*季节F值	0.35	2.37	3.81^*	0.33	0.24	1.31	1.9	0.19	0.39
指标	细根磷浓度	中根磷浓度	粗根磷浓度	巨根磷浓度	干材磷浓度	干皮磷浓度	树枝磷浓度	树叶磷浓度
处理F值	9.10^*	1.23	1.11	5.07^*	8.72^*	21.29^*	4.87^*	24.27^*
季节F值	29.74^*	0.07	0.4	0.45	1.11	1.29	28.37^*	18.45^*
处理*季节F值	1.37	0.26	0.04	0.03	0.11	0.48	0.58	0.86
指标	细根磷积累量	中根磷积累量	粗根磷积累量	巨根磷积累量	干材磷积累量	干皮磷积累量	树枝磷积累量	树叶磷积累量	全株磷积累量
处理F值	16.73^*	3.01	9.46^*	5.93^*	13.55^*	23.57^*	13.59^*	7.08^*	33.70^*
季节F值	2.12	7.03^*W	9.04^*	1.07	1.54	0.53	1.01	1.67	2.74
处理*季节F值	1.1	1.94	1.47	0.2	0.37	0.46	0.7	0.5	0.73

季节	处理	PH	TOC/(g/kg)	TN/(g/kg)	TP/(mg/kg)	AN/(mg/kg)	AP/(mg/kg)	AN:TN/%	AP:TP/%	N:P	AN:AP
秋季	ME	4.20±0.21A	19.96±1.02A	1.61±0.17A	467.87±13.62A	16.92±1.50A	8.13±1.55A	1.06±0.18A	1.74±0.36A	3.45±0.43A	2.16±0.54B
	NE	3.93±0.21A	18.38±1.72AB	1.69±0.31A	441.71±22.81B	15.35±1.14A	5.19±1.32B	0.94±0.22A	1.17±0.29B	3.85±0.86A	3.15±0.93A
	PE	4.15±0.23A	16.38±1.99B	1.18±0.13B	462.37±16.48AB	12.71±1.46B	6.55±1.00AB	1.09±0.19A	1.41±0.19AB	2.55±0.31B	1.96±0.28B
春季	ME	4.23±0.11a	17.67±2.04a	1.33±0.17a	495.71±18.28a	14.59±0.89a	7.86±1.63a	1.11±0.12a	1.59±0.34a	2.68±0.36a	1.93±0.44ab
	NE	3.87±0.24b	15.58±1.43ab	1.31±0.13a	472.63±27.53a	14.90±1.66a	6.94±1.71a	1.15±0.21a	1.47±0.36a	2.79±0.42a	2.26±0.60a
	PE	4.17±0.11a	14.69±2.34b	0.91±0.11b	482.77±19.55a	10.64±1.46b	6.75±0.35a	1.18±0.08a	1.40±0.10a	1.88±0.22b	1.57±0.16b

施氮和混交固氮树种对尾巨桉磷营养分配及其生长的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application and Mixed Planting of Nitrogen-Fixing Tree Species on Phosphorus Distribution and Growth of Eucalyptus urophylla×grandis

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