基于可视域分析的森林防火视频监控点选址研究

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.04.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

视频监控是森林防火监测体系的重要组成部分,合理布局视频监控点位可以有效提升森林火灾监测水平。以浙江省丽水市云和县为研究对象,基于数字高程模型(DEM),采用可视域分析和反向视域分析技术,对不同视程范围视频监控探头的布控点位合理性进行研究。结果表明,全县需新增布控视频监控点位86个,其中双光谱视频监控探头29个,球型视频监控探头57个。优化后监控林地覆盖面积占全县植被覆盖林地比例从11.67%提升至85.12%。该优化方案为云和县森林防火视频监控系统布局优化提供了科学依据,并为其他地区利用地理信息技术提升林地监控覆盖率提供了技术参考。

关键词: 森林火灾, 云和县, 可视域分析, 视频监控

Abstract:

Video monitoring plays a crucial role in forest fire monitoring system,and placing video monitoring points can effectively enhance the level of forest fire detection.This study focuses on Yuhexian County,Lishui City,Zhejiang Province.Using digital elevation models(DEM),visual field analysis and reverse visual field analysis techniques were employed to assess the effectiveness of placing video monitoring probes within different visibility ranges.The study identifies a need for 86 additional video monitoring points,comprising 29 dual-spectrum probes and 57 spherical probes.Following optimization,the coverage area of monitored forest land increased from 11.67% to 85.12% of the county's vegetated forest.This optimization plan offers a scientific foundation for enhancing the layout of the forest fire video monitoring system in Yuhexian County,and serves as a technical reference for other regions to improve forest monitoring coverage using geographic information technology.

Key words: forest fire, Yunhe County, visibility analysis, video monitoring

中图分类号:

S762

胡昱彦, 郜昌建, 王海龙, 申屠瑜程, 徐达. 基于可视域分析的森林防火视频监控点选址研究[J]. 林草资源研究, 2024,(4): 126-134.

HU Yuyan, GAO Changjian, WANG Hailong, SHENTU Yucheng, XU Da. Site Selection for Forest Fire Prevention Video Monitoring Points Based on Visual Field Analysis[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2024,(4): 126-134.

图/表 8

图1

表1

图2

表2

表3

表4

66个视频监控点位监测效果

序号	地理坐标	通信铁塔高度/m	境内监测范围/m²	境内监测植被覆盖林地面积/m²	监测率/ %	重复率/ %	评分
1	28°10'11″N,119°31'56″E	30	78 519 113.29	61 034 903.67	77.73	99.99	95
2	28°12'54″N,119°34'11″E	45	78 519 113.29	48 451 712.42	61.71	99.99	89
3	28°09'39″N,119°41'27″E	30	54 247 277.80	35 295 376.10	65.06	73.75	76
4	28°18'03″N,119°36'38″E	35	45 887 245.66	26 255 459.72	57.22	98.13	79
5	28°10'11″N,119°31'56″E	30	78 519 113.29	31 034 903.67	39.53	97.11	80
6	27°58'21″N,119°22'38″E	30	43 804 237.81	23 106 136.28	52.75	67.77	68
7	28°01'05″N,119°28'18″E	30	76 897 851.76	37 349 588.60	48.57	99.99	84
8	28°02'06″N,119°25'48″E	30	63 774 514.57	37 940 335.97	59.49	85.38	80
9	28°06'08″N,119°24'52″E	30	57 058 240.29	51 285 802.25	89.88	97.11	94
10	28°06'52″N,119°25'34″E	30	69 462 983.12	42 421 914.96	61.07	99.99	87
11	28°09'14″N,119°34'24″E	30	78 519 113.29	57 543 923.06	73.29	94.36	91
12	28°09'38″N,119°39'35″E	30	73 199 806.90	62 306 155.56	85.12	99.99	96
13	28°14'46″N,119°36'55″E	30	78 519 113.29	67 847 093.64	86.41	99.34	98
14	28°01'37″N,119°27'23″E	30	76 715 648.80	45 929 592.01	59.87	99.39	88
15	27°58'46″N,119°25'53″E	30	77 936 585.37	45 169 819.79	57.96	99.99	88
16	28°00'18″N,119°23'29″E	45	46 541 397.03	29 254 941.14	62.86	82.57	77
17	27°59'11″N,119°28'26″E	30	71 309 431.79	46 976 842.49	65.88	78.31	82
18	28°01'57″N,119°33'05″E	30	62 852 239.31	39 198 479.54	62.37	99.94	86
19	28°01'38″N,119°34'14″E	30	48 415 952.74	37 115 185.25	76.66	72.62	79
20	28°03'50″N,119°34'02″E	30	75 902 957.75	57 973 098.76	76.38	99.99	94
21	27°59'12″N,119°21'55″E	35	31 314 609.49	17 746 828.61	56.67	95.61	75
22	27°59'19″N,119°26'51″E	30	78 519 113.29	51 178 086.31	65.18	89.45	86
23	28°13'52″N,119°27'18″E	30	69 368 200.84	45 042 466.28	64.93	91.48	85
24	28°08'33″N,119°27'46″E	30	78 519 113.29	50 873 559.64	64.79	90.04	87
25	28°05'50″N,119°29'48″E	30	78 519 113.29	49 944 995.10	63.61	99.99	90
26	28°04'44″N,119°30'20″E	30	78 510 004.69	63 067 224.72	80.33	94.33	94
27	28°04'18″N,119°33'48″E	30	78 276 475.90	34 525 388.68	44.11	95.34	81
28	28°00'07″N,119°31'55″E	30	45 637 959.63	41 350 807.38	90.61	71.58	83
29	28°01'59″N,119°27'51″E	45	77 889 095.03	29 842 585.82	38.31	99.18	80
30	28°03'14″N,119°26'39″E	30	69 635 953.24	36 935 067.09	53.04	84.58	79
31	28°06'48″N,119°28'25″E	30	78 519 113.29	24 085 000.39	30.67	99.75	78
32	28°12'54″N,119°34'11″E	30	78 519 113.29	34 525 388.68	43.97	84.48	77
33	28°13'27″N,119°33'11″E	38	77 942 230.42	27 430 743.69	35.19	99.99	79
34	28°14'33″N,119°38'28″E	30	78 519 113.29	39 766 513.65	50.65	99.43	85
35	28°17'01″N,119°39'42″E	30	45 377 026.50	23 386 203.47	51.54	99.99	78
36	28°14'06″N,119°37'13″E	30	78 519 113.29	42 194 904.65	53.74	89.08	82
37	28°13'00″N,119°25'39″E	30	61 128 055.03	13 095 907.06	51.42	73.66	73
38	28°17'00″N,119°33'13″E	30	39 473 485.15	12 883 057.64	32.64	99.99	69
39	28°07'42″N,119°36'43″E	30	38 890 136.43	11 817 261.98	30.39	91.27	65
40	28°00'57″N,119°32'56″E	25	24 799 894.13	14 121 589.38	56.94	99.99	75
41	28°10'08″N,119°24'46″E	30	31 254 546.93	24 470 406.69	78.29	95.97	83
42	28°12'47″N,119°39'57″E	30	68 939 672.46	51 628 808.22	74.89	99.99	92
43	28°02'07″N,119°28'48″E	30	78 519 113.29	27 566 834.07	35.11	93.31	77
44	28°00'18″N,119°25'15″E	30	65 500 533.51	43 123 776.77	65.84	94.46	86
45	28°14'15″N,119°31'29″E	30	71 758 203.79	15 914 769.09	32.18	99.99	76
46	28°00'23″N,119°24'49″E	15	59 505 664.24	36 078 916.93	60.63	94.33	83
47	28°06'20″N,119°31'25″E	35	78 519 113.29	60 885 222.76	77.54	88.86	92
48	28°03'07″N,119°37'02″E	50	41 413 399.99	23 928 060.17	57.78	98.37	79
49	28°07'22″N,119°38'55″E	50	77 450 564.35	49 691 714.98	64.16	99.99	90
50	28°02'07″N,119°28'48″E	30	78 519 113.29	27 566 834.07	35.11	77.45	75
51	28°07'51″N,119°32'14″E	30	78 519 113.29	34 868 966.66	45.41	71.57	73
52	28°07'33″N,119°35'22″E	30	78 519 113.29	68 275 080.05	86.95	94.49	97
53	28°03'15″N,119°34'48″E	30	65 362 483.07	20 964 948.55	32.07	99.99	75
54	28°03'15″N,119°32'54″E	30	77 352 242.65	17 584 638.34	42.73	87.51	78
55	28°00'23″N,119°24'49″E	30	59 505 664.24	36 156 057.30	60.76	99.99	84
56	28°05'31″N,119°34'42″E	30	78 519 113.29	58 088 474.45	73.98	58.98	80
57	28°04'28″N,119°33'04″E	30	78 519 113.29	57 107 419.03	72.73	99.99	93
58	28°06'57″N,119°31'11″E	38	78 519 113.29	42 042 237.07	53.54	99.99	86
59	27°55'56″N,119°24'28″E	30	51 048 397.24	31 450 670.75	61.61	97.66	82
60	28°14'38″N,119°28'13″E	30	61 770 597.55	43 776 526.45	70.87	78.22	82
61	28°14'19″N,119°31'00″E	30	70 742 999.42	51 795 381.01	73.22	99.99	91
62	28°05'21″N,119°27'52″E	30	78 519 113.29	45 379 908.07	57.79	99.99	88
63	28°12'47″N,119°39'57″E	30	68 939 672.46	51 628 808.22	74.89	67.58	82
64	27°56'15″N,119°28'39″E	30	51 498 104.40	33 404 948.42	64.87	99.25	83
65	28°15'26″N,119°36'06″E	30	78 519 113.29	34 344 011.25	43.74	99.99	82
66	28°03'28″N,119°23'55″E	30	78 518 966.67	41 835 517.18	53.28	88.63	82

表4

图3

图4

参考文献 21

[1]	中共中央办公厅, 国务院办公厅. 关于全面加强新形势下森林草原防灭火工作的意见[R/OL].(2023-04-20)[2023-08-30]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2023-04-20/content_5752410.html.
[2]	国家防灾减灾救灾委员会办公室, 应急管理部. 2023年全国自然灾害基本情况[R/OL].(2024-01-21)[2024-01-21]. https://www.gov.cn/lianbo/bumen/202401/content_6927328.htm
[3]	汪东, 贾志成, 夏宇航, 等. 森林草原火灾监测技术研究现状和展望[J]. 世界林业研究, 2021, 34(2):26-32.
[4]	殷长海. GIS技术支撑下的森林防火视频监控系统设计与具体应用策略分析[J]. 技术应用, 2023(3):127-129.
[5]	于文章, 王泽民, 冯雪, 等. 浅谈数字赋能在森林防火工作中的应用[J]. 森林防火, 2022, 40(1):24-26.
[6]	张民侠, 郑坏兵. 基于智慧感知、分析、处置方法的森林智慧防火[J]. 南京理工大学学报, 2016, 40(6):694-699.
[7]	苏宇轩. 青岛市崂山区森林防火视频监控点合理布局研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2019.
[8]	徐海文. 湖南铁塔视频在森林防火工作中的应用分析[J]. 森林防火, 2022, 40(1):78-80.
[9]	邱焕斌. 结合通信铁塔的森林防火视频监测系统选址初探[J]. 森林防火, 2022, 40(1):37-40.
[10]	周成林, 颜伟, 姜霞. 浅谈山区森林防火监测网优化设计与实现[J]. 贵州林业科技, 2016, 44(1):61-64.
[11]	王天罡, 杨洋, 咸锋, 等. 北京市京西林场森林防火视频监控可视域分析及合理布局研究[J]. 森林防火, 2023, 41(2):44-48.
[12]	王彦卷, 张佳瑜, 侯景伟. 基于地形分析的山区森林火灾监控点选址方法[J]. 林业资源管理, 2020(2):135-140.
[13]	李伟, 景海涛, 王莉, 等. 森林防火监测站选址及可视域分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2015, 40(1):77-80.
[14]	孙伟, 曹姗姗, 唐小明. 林火视频监控空间优化布局与评价技[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2013, 22(2):61-69.
[15]	程延松, 孙清清, 祝亮, 等. 一种确定空管监视台站选址范围的方法[J]. 雷达科学与技术, 2015, 13(4):345-349.
[16]	RANA S. Fast approximation of visibility dominance using topographic features as targets and the associated uncertainty[J]. Aphic features as targets and the associated, 2003, 69(8):881-888
[17]	黄小银, 徐爱俊, 张晨辉. 森林防火监测型资源配置评价及优化方法[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2011, 28(4):583-589.
[18]	张海荣, 程擎. 基于可视性算法的布站选址优化及仿真实现[J]. 工业控制计算机, 2021, 34(3):53-55.
[19]	郭宇翔. 基于地形可视域的观察点设置及其并行化方法研究[D]. 南京: 南京师范大学, 2021.
[20]	张源长, 谭正刚, 万丽娟, 等. Arcgis视域分析在鹿门寺景区林火视频监控中的应用[J]. 湖北林业科技, 2012, 174(2):31-33.
[21]	郑长青, 杨少斌, 程玉林, 等. 内蒙古大兴安岭北部原始林区地形因子对森林火灾空间分布的影响分析[J]. 内蒙古林业科技, 2022, 48(3):48-53.

序号	地理坐标	海拔/m	塔高/m	视程范围/m	实际可视植被覆盖林地面积/m²
1	27°58'13″N,119°28'35″E	905	15	1 500	6 364 056
2	28°01'18″N,119°28'38″E	815	34	1 500	6 246 852
3	28°00'43″N,119°29'48″E	1 047	30	1 500	6 297 213
4	28°01'57″N,119°33'05″E	814	30	1 500	6 258 245
5	28°00'21″N,119°28'30″E	1 098	30	1 500	6 169 209
6	28°01'56″N,119°31'42″E	651	30	1 500	5 881 292
7	28°14'35″N,119°26'54″E	808	30	1 500	5 411 518
8	28°12'16″N,119°27'14″E	533	15	1 500	5 340 997
9	28°01'38″N,119°34'14″E	706	30	1 500	5 319 399
10	28°07'59″N,119°41'44″E	693	20	1 500	5 038 512
11	28°03'09″N,119°25'28″E	866	30	1 500	4 408 885
12	27°55'20″N,119°23'53″E	1 006	15	1 500	4 376 000
13	28°10'26″N,119°37'28″E	415	30	1 500	4 115 332
14	28°09'53″N,119°24'48″E	342	30	1 500	3 800 661
15	28°05'25″N,119°38'06″E	305	50	1 500	3 730 365
16	28°17'24″N,119°37'14″E	443	18	1 500	3 402 801
17	28°11'24″N,119°32'22″E	382	30	1 500	3 382 904
18	28°08'27″N,119°23'35″E	321	18	1 500	3 244 451
19	28°17'13″N,119°35'04″E	354	30	1 500	3 203 130
20	28°16'41″N,119°36'23″E	194	30	1 500	2 573 334
21	28°08'32″N,119°33'36″E	231	20	1 500	2 571854
22	28°04'44″N,119°31'56″E	239	30	1 500	2 053 026
23	28°07'42″N,119°33'15″E	176	25	1 500	1 797 101
24	28°08'55″N,119°38'31″E	197	20	1 500	1 202 078
25	28°14'30″N,119°40'24″E	84	18	1 500	271 803

评价指标	境内监测面积占比	重复率	监测率
境内监测面积占比	1	1/2	1/3
重复率	2	1	2/3
监测率	3	3/2	1

评价指标	权重
境内监测面积占比	0.201 5
重复率	0.339 0
监测率	0.459 5