Table of Content

28 June 2010, Volume 0 Issue 3

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Research on Main Problems of the Wetland Protection and Management System and Countermeasures

JIANG Hongyao, WEN Yali

2010, 0(3):  1-5. 

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This paper summarized the characteristics of wetland ownerships and current situation of wetland protection and management and analyzed the main reason of low-efficiency in wetland management and some other reasons which included imperfect laws and regulations, monitoring and market means that are to be improved, and lack of wetland protection funding, all of which have caused fragmentation of the wetland ecosystem and wetland degradation. Finally the suggestions on improving wetland protection and management in China are proposed.

Practice and Exploration on New Afforestation Models of Forest and Seedling Integration

HE Shunping

2010, 0(3):  6-9. 

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This paper introduced the concept and classification of forest and seedling integration, analyzed its practical applicability and proposed the afforestation model of forest and seedling integration. By using this model in Shangyou County in Jiangxi Province, good results were achieved.

Study on Inspection and Acceptance of Forestry Ecological Construction Projects

XIONG Lian

2010, 0(3):  10-12. 

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Inspection and acceptance of forestry ecological projects is the inspection and acceptance of the projects in terms of quality and quantity during their implementation and after their completion. This article summarizes characteristics of the inspection and acceptance of the projects and also discussed the acceptance procedures, measures and results.

Summary of Introduction and Application of Tree Species for Greening in Northeast China

JIANG Rongchun

2010, 0(3):  13-15. 

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This paper summarized the introduction and application of tree species for greening in Northeast China. The problems and solutions for selecting and applying the tree species in the region were also discussed, which will provide reference for the further studying.

Population Classification and Sample Structure on Modeling of Single- Tree Biomass Equations for National Biomass Estimation in China

ZENG Weisheng, TANG Shouzheng, HUANG Guosheng, ZHANG Min

2010, 0(3):  16-23. 

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The population classification and sample structure on modeling of single-tree biomass equations for national biomass estimation in China was studied in this paper. Firstly, combining the classification of eco-geographic region and administrative region, a scheme of population classification on modeling of single-tree biomass equations was presented, which is mostly compatible with the population classification on modeling of single-tree volume equations, including 34 tree species or species groups, 6 large-scale geographic regions, and a total of 70 populations. Secondly, based on the analysis of variation coefficients derived from one-and two-variable tree biomass models fitted with available tree biomass data of several tree species, it was concluded that prediction precision of tree biomass models could be defined as more than 95%, and at least 150 sample trees are needed for a regional model which should be selected in equal numbers for each diameter class, i.e., not less than 15 trees in each of 10 diameter classes. Finally, by using the 7th National Forest Inventory data, the sample structure of each population was determined, that is, all the sample tree numbers of 70 populations were specified by province and by diameter class. The results will provide a practical reference for the establishment of generalized single-tree biomass models in China.

Effects of Hillside Closing on Vegetation Restoration in Limestone Mountains

LU Lihua, JIA Hongyan, FENG Changlin, HE Riming, HUANG Wenlong, XIAN Shaoda, SHI Zuomin

2010, 0(3):  24-30. 

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Effects of hillside closing on vegetation restoration in different sites in limestone mountains were studied in Tianyang county, Guangxi Autonomous Region. The results showed that the effects of hillside closing on vegetation restoration were obvious in different sites after 3 years. There were 13 new plant species occurring in experimental site A and the increase ratio was 50.09%. The importance value of majority species decreased and minority species increased though their significance had not changed obviously in community. Total vegetation coverage increased 40% obviously. There were only 4 new plant species occurring in experimental B which was better site and the increase ratio was only 19.05%. Although importance value of most woody and liana species decreased, their significance had not changed obviously in community. But importance value of most herb species increased and significance of part of them had changed radically in community. The first most dominant species Eupatorium odoratum Linn. changed to the second most dominant while Microstegium vagans (Nees) A.Camus changed to be the first most important from the second most important species. The vegetation coverage was 100%.

Forest Carbon Storage and Changes in Inner Mongolia

YAN Deren, YAN Ting

2010, 0(3):  31-33. 

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On the basis of the sixth forest resources investigation report of Inner Mongolia,we calculated the change of forest carbon storage in Inner Mongolia by using dominant tree species investigation data. The results showed that the total forest carbon storage in Inner Mongolia was 748 million ton(Mt), about 9.59% of the total carbon storage of China forest resources within the corresponding period. The average carbon density of the dominant tree species was 28.73t/hm².At the same time,the difference in carbon fixation capacity of the dominant tree species was significant. Among them the carbon fixation capacity of broadleaf mixed forest was 80.98t/hm²., that of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica was 67.44t/hm². and Betula platyphylla Suk was 49.13t/hm² respectively. The dominant tree species with the carbon fixation capacity over 40 tons perhectare were Picea 45.16t/hm², Larix 44.69t/hm², conifer-broadleaf mixed forest 44.15t/hm² and Quercus 40.37t/hm² respectively. The species with the carbon fixation capacity of less than 10t/hm² were Sophora japonicai 7.78t/hm², Ulmus 7.32t/hm², Malus baccata Borkh 5.7t/hm² and Tilia 4.36t/hm² respectively.

Carbon Sequestration of Dalingshan Urban Forest Park in Low-carbon City Development of Dongguan

LAI Guangmei

2010, 0(3):  34-38. 

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In order to represent the forest carbon sequestration role of Dongguan Dalingshan urban forest park in low-carbon city development, the variable BEF (Biomass Expansion Factor) method was used to estimate and analyze the carbon storage, density and sequestration of forests based on the forest resource inventory data of 2005 and 2008.The results showed that amount of carbon absorbed by the forest park was 90.69 thousand tons in the three years with an annual absorption at 30.23 thousand tons and annual forest carbon absorption at 7.34 t per year. It shows that the carbon sequestration capacity of urban forest park is remarkable for low-carbon city development.

Study on Determination and Monitoring of the Forest with High Protection Value

ZHENG Liang, ZHU Chunquan, MOU Huisheng, LIANG Qi

2010, 0(3):  39-44. 

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Determination and monitoring of the forest with high protection value is the basis for developing forest management plan and forest certification. This paper discusses the criteria and methods for datermining the forest with high protection vslue and puts forwand a feasible monitoring system. The pilot work in Hunchun Forestry Co.,Ltd shows that the method is operable, which provides reference for the forest management units in determination and monitoring of the forest with high protection value.

Discussion on the Evaluation Indicator System of Forest Functions for Beijing Badaling Forest Farm

ZHAO Xueming, LIU Donglan, ZHENG Xiaoxian

2010, 0(3):  45-48. 

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This article discusses the application of geographic information system (GIS) in Badaling forest farm multi-function evaluation. The purpose was to screen the factors which were used to evaluate the functions of water conservation, soil and water conservation, sightseeing and recreation and establish a set of forest multi-function evaluation system suitable for the Badaling Forest Farm. The GIS spatial analysis function and the expert scoring method are used to determine the different influence of evaluation indicators on the subcompartment functions and to produce the farm's forest function division map. The results showed that the subcompartments in the water conservation area was in the form of planar distribution, which accounted for 63.8% of the total area; the subcompartments in soil and water conservation area was scattered, accounting for 20.6% of the total area; Those subcompartments in the recreation area was disrtibuted along the road, accounting for 15.6% of the total area. This research provided a reference for Badaling forest farm to carry out management of forest multi-functions.

Study on the Biomass and Distribution Pattern of Undergrowth Vegetation in Four Types of Planted Forests in Changsha

CHEN Caihong

2010, 0(3):  49-53. 

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With four types of planted forests in urban-rural fringe area of Changsha as the research object, the distribution pattern of undergrowth vegetation biomass was analyzed. The results showed that the order of living-undervegetation biomass in the forests was above ground part>under ground part; litter biomass was decomposed>semi-decomposition>undecomposed, while the proportion of litter biomass in undercover biomass is largest in different forests, and the content is between 50%~76%.Except Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, the proportion of herb biomass is smallest in other three forests; the difference among total biomass was significant. Pinus elliottii forest biomass was 28.75t/hm², which was significantry bigger than the other three forests; biomass of living-undervegetation in Pinus elliottii forest was largest and reached 8.46t/hm²; biomass order of sapling was Pinus elliottii>Liquidambar formosana>Cunninghamia lanceolata>Cinnamomum camphora; biomass order of shrub was Liquidambar formosana>Pinus elliottii>Cinnamomum camphora>Cunninghamia lanceolata; biomass order of herb was Cunninghamia lanceolata>Pinus elliottii>Liquidambar formosana>Cinnamomum camphora; biomass order of litter was same with herb.

Interspecific Relationship in Forest Gaps in Broad-leaved Korean Pine Forests in Changbai MountainS

ZHENG Yanfeng, LIU Chunhui, WANG Lin

2010, 0(3):  54-59. 

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We studied micro-environment characteristics and specie correlation in forest gaps in broad-leaved Korean pine forests in Changbai Mountains. The richness in forest gaps was not similar to that under the canopy. The richness of tree layer in forest gaps was slightly higher than those under the canopy, and the richness of shrub and herb layer were significantly higher than those under the canopy. The correlation between most species showed negative correlation in forest gaps. There are less species pairs of extremely marked and marked positive correlation in tree layer, shrub and herb layer, less species pairs of extremely marked and marked negative correlation in tree layer, and no species pairs of extremely marked and marked negative correlation in shrub and herb layer. The correlation between species showed competition mainly. Microclimate showed a significant change in forest gap, light intensity and air temperature were significantly (P<0.01) higher in gaps than under canopy, the change rule of air relative humidity and soil temperature also shows large difference.

Quantification Analysis on Site Conditions of Natural Vitex negundo Community in Beijing Mountainous Area

HU Shuping, YU Xinxiao, GUO Yongsheng

2010, 0(3):  60-63. 

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With natural Vitex negundo community as a research object in Beijing mountainous area, such site factors were selected as slope, aspect, slope position, altitude, soil depth, soil texture, soil type and bare rock ratio and quantification theory I was used to research the influence of different site factors on Vitex negundo community's growth. The results showed that those factors like aspect, slope position, altitude, soil depth, soil texture and bare rock ratio had influence on Vitex negundo community's high growth and such factors as aspect slope position, slope, soil texture and bare rock ratio had influence on Vitex negundo community's diameter growth. The research provided theoretical basis for restoration of degraded vegetation in Beijing mountainous area.

Analysis on Species Composition and Succession of Natural Vegetation in Gupo Mountains

PAN Baiming, JIANG Rihong, XIE Qiang, ZHU Xuehui, XU ShuqingWU Eanghui, NONG Dongxin, LIAMG Minlian

2010, 0(3):  64-68. 

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This paper, based on the field research, presents an in-depth analysis on species composition and succession of natural vegetation in Gupo Mountains. The research suggests that there are in total 92 species of plants in this region, which belong to 48 genera and 71 families. What's more, with the important value index analysis of dominant population in each succession stage, it is concluded that there is no noticeable variation during each stage(except the stages of herbosa), and that quit a few species are dominant species during two or three succession stages. According to the determination of species diversity in each succession stage, the diversity index changes of these species are evergreen-deciduous mixed forest>evergreen broad-leaved forest>brush community>herbosa community. Besides, from the aspect of species community, the total dominance of plant species and relative frequency of each stage, this paper forecasts and demonstrates the order of succession in each stage based on species diversity by employing certain methods, which include index of succession and degrees of succession.The order of succession in each stage is grass,brush,evergreen-deciduous mixed forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest.

Investigation on the Dynamics of the Landscape Pattern of Coastal Protection Forest in Jinjiang during the Past 20 Years

HONG Yuancheng, YE Gongfu, HUANG Chuanyin, YUE Xinjian

2010, 0(3):  69-74. 

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This paper tried to learn about the dynamics of the five types of coastal protection forest in Jinjiang of Fujian province from the landscape perspective. Four remote sensing images (taken in 1989,1993,2001,2008 respectively) were acquired, and the landscape thematic maps were also produced by using the techniques of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System and field survey. Landscape Indexes were calculated by means of Fragstats,a landscape pattern analysis software. The result showed that during the years from 1989 to 2001, the area of the forests declined and patch density increased, so the fragmentation of the forest landscape was much more servere. During the years from 1993 to 2001, the fragmentation was worsened, especially the farmland shelter belts. During the years from 2001 to 2008, the landscape of the coastal protection forests was improved except the coastal shelterbelts. All those mentioned above came to the conclusion that once the coastal shelterbelts were damaged, they could hardly be restored. Thus, much attention should be paid to protection and development of coastal shelterbelts.

Analysis on Water Conservation Function of Typical Vegetation of Daqing Mountains in Inner Mongolia

GUO Yongsheng, BAI Yuying, YANG Hongwei, WANG Jingying

2010, 0(3):  75-78. 

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Based on the measurement of forest and soil of 3 typical types of vegetation of Daqing Mountain in Inner Mongolia, water conservation functions of different forest vegetation were studied and compared. The results showed that the canopy interception of Pinus tabulaeformis is 0.170mm, that of Larix principis-rup prechtii and Betula platyphylla 0.104mm and 0.052mm. Water-holding capacity of Larix principis-rup prechtii's litters is significantly higher than Betula platyphylla's and Pinus tabulaeformis's, water-retaining capacity of Betula platyphylla's soil is greater than Larix principis-rup prechtii's and Pinus tabulaeformis's. Through comprehensive evaluation, water conservation function of Larix principis-rup prechtii is the strongest, then Pinus tabulaeformis and Betula platyphylla is weakest.

The Relationship between Fuel Moisture and Meteorological Factors in Beijing Xishan Forest Centre

LU Xinyan, NIU Shukui, REN Yunmao

2010, 0(3):  79-86. 

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Observation points were set in 5 different types of forest including Platycladus orientalis forest, Quercus variabilis forest, Cotinus coggygria forest, Acer truncatum forest and Pinus tabulaeformis forest. Living fuel moisture and dead fuel moisture content of forests were measured from December 2008 to September 2009. Fuel moisture was used for establishing prediction model. The result showed that:(1) fuel moisture was significantly correlated with temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation and number of continuous drought days; (2) daily fuel moisture curve presents wave shape, with a trough in 13:00-14:00; (3) fuel moisture content is low between January and March but increases dramatically from April to June and reach the maximum of the year from July to September.

Study on Diameter Distribution of Pinus yunnanensis' Combustibles

LI Liqin, NIU Shukui, WANG Liming

2010, 0(3):  87-90. 

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Investigation was conducted on the combustibles of Pinus yunnanensis' canopy and the canopy was divided into three levels, that is 1 T-delay (<1cm), 10 T-delay (1～2.5cm) and 100 T-delay (≥2.5cm) according to the criteria. Then the relationship between different levels and different T-delay of the branches and leaves was analyzed. The results show that weight of canopy combustibles along with the diameter class increases., and the leaves are very closely related to occurance of forest fire,but can not completely determine the occurrance degree of forest fire.

Status Quo and Analysis of the Capital Memorial Forest

LI Ruisheng, CHEN Haiyan

2010, 0(3):  91-93. 

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Study was conducted on the number, distribution, types, species and management conditions of the capital memorial forests. Analysis was also done on the development process of the memorial forests and some recommendations for future management were put forward.

Status Quo and Conservation Strategy of Ancient and Famous Tree Resources in Wenzhou City

HUANG Jinsheng, WU Liangwen, LIN Lihua

2010, 0(3):  94-97. 

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According to the investigation in 2008,there are a total of 856 ancient and famous trees belonging to 28 families,31 genera and 32 species in Wenzhou city, including 38 protected trees of Class-A under state protection, 104 trees of Class-B and 714 trees of Class-C. In this paper, the status quo and existing issues of the old and specious trees were analysed and relevant measures for management and protection put forward.

Influence and Correction of the Shadow and Halo of Leaf Edge on Image-based Measurements of Leaf Area

HAN Dianyuan

2010, 0(3):  98-103. 

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The shadow and halo of leaf edge have great influence on measurement accuracy of leaf area. In this paper, the causes of the shadow and halo were analyzed and a correction method was proposed. Firstly, the image color space was transformed from RGB to Lab, and the rough leaf region was abstracted by using the adaptive region growing method. Secondly, the result of region growing was processed by morphological dilation and erosion and the exact leaf area, background area and unknown area were segmented. Finally, the pixels of unknown area were classified to the leaf area or the background area with the improved MRF. Experiments show that this method can greatly improve the accuracy of leaf area measurement.

Study on Forest Biomass Estimation Method Based on CEBERS-WFI Remote Sensing Data

XU Dengping, LI Hui, ZHI Changgui, HAN Aihui

2010, 0(3):  104-109. 

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Based on CEBERS-WFI remote sensing data,combined with the geographical and weather factors and NFI fixed sample plot measurement data of the three northeastern provinces, BP artificial neural network model for estimation of forest biomass for China's three northeastern provinces was developed and the remote sensing data based spatial distribution forest biomass image produced.The results showed that CEBERS-WFI BP artificial neural network is a quick and effective method for forest biomass estimation.

Discussion on Visual Interpretation Accuracy of High-resolution Remote Sensing Image in Forest Cutting Quota Inspection

WANG Xiaokun, HONG Yu, LU Yagang, ZHANG Guangjun, YU Xiaoguang

2010, 0(3):  110-114. 

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The authors of this paper chose Jidong county as the study area and researched the visual interpretation accuracy of high-resolution remote sensing image in interpreting certificated cutting area. Subsequently, they analyzed the interpretation result using decision tree method, and summarized the relationships between interpretation result and cutting percentage of the cutting area. In the meantime, they discussed how to improve the accuracy in interpreting cutting area with remote sensing technology.

RS-based Analysis on Guangzhou Forest Stand PAR

XUE Yadong, YANG Yanqiong

2010, 0(3):  115-119. 

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In this paper, Landsat TM of 1998, Landsat ETM⁺ of 2003 and IRS-P6 of 2007 satellite data were used as the information source and the linear relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)utilized for obtaining the photosynthesis effective radiation situation and studying the dynamics of forest stands in Guangzhou City. The results showed that in the course of rapid economic development for a decade the Guangzhou forest stand PAR increased year by year from 1998 to 2003, especially in broadleaf forests increased faster, while that of the coniferous forest maintained a more stable state, which suggested a higher forest productivity. From 2003 to 2007, in 4 districts of Guangzhou City, forest stand FPAR significantly weakened. In 2007, in Panyu District and the city urban area, the forest stand photosynthetically active radiation rate (FPAR) was small. This showed that the urbanization process of Guangzhou City was accelerating and the impacts of human activities were increasingly apparent.

Analysis on Public Welfare Forest and Commercial Forest Harvesting Management System of Foreign Countries and Proposals

JIANG Guijuan, ZHENG Xiaoxian, NING Yangcui, WANG Fang, WUjisiguleng

2010, 0(3):  120-123. 

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In this paper, the current state and characteristics of the public welfare forest and commercial forest harvesting management system of the foreign countries were studied and analyzed, and some relevant proposals were put forward combining with the reform of forest harvesting management system in our country. It would provide a reference for improving the forest harvesting management system of China.

Enlightenments from New Zealand Forest Logging Management System

WANG Fang, ZHENG Xiaoxian, WANG Peng, NING Yangcui

2010, 0(3):  124-127. 

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The article analyses the system of harvesting management both for natural forest and for artificial forest in New Zealand. In connection with the situation in China, constructive recommendations on, for instance, ecological compensation mechanism and improvement of cutting quota management system, transforming government's role in the logging management, the establishment of classified forest and species management are presented.