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林草资源研究 ›› 2025›› Issue (2): 34-48.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.02.004

• 政策探讨 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国林草领域良种和新品种研究现状与发展趋势述评

蒋国斌1,2(), 曹福亮2,3()   

  1. 1.南京林业大学 科学技术处,南京 210037
    2.南京林业大学南方现代林业省部共建协同创新中心,南京 210037
    3.南京林业大学林木遗传与种质创新国际合作联合实验室,南京 210037
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-30 修回日期:2025-04-20 出版日期:2025-04-28 发布日期:2025-12-04
  • 通讯作者: 曹福亮,博士,教授,主要研究方向为经济林培育和森林生态。Email: cfl1957@163.com
  • 作者简介:蒋国斌,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为农林科技成果和知识产权。Email: jgb_23@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    科技创新2030-重大项目“抗旱耐盐碱杨树新品种设计与培育”(2023ZD04056);江苏省高等学校知识产权研究会重点项目“高校技术转移中心实体化建设路径研究”(2024ZSCQ-Y08);江苏省高等学校科研管理研究会重点项目“赋权改革推动下高校职务科技成果资产单列管理研究”(JSB02001);全国农业专业学位研究生教育指导委员会研究课题“产业创新和学科交叉视域农林高校专业学位研究生全链条培养要素提升研究”(2025-NYYB-52)

Current research status and development trend on improved varieties and new varieties in China's forest and grass field

JIANG Guobin1,2(), CAO Fuliang2,3()   

  1. 1. Science and Technology Department,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China
    2. Southern Modern Forestry Provincial and Ministerial Collaborative Innovation Center,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China
    3. International Joint Laboratory on Forest Genetics and Germplasm Innovation,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China
  • Received:2025-03-30 Revised:2025-04-20 Online:2025-04-28 Published:2025-12-04

摘要:

林木良种和林草植物新品种是林业发展的核心驱动力,对推动种业安全、林业科技创新与产业升级、满足多元化需求和提升国际竞争力具有重要战略意义。从林木良种与林草植物新品种的逻辑关系、品种审(认)定与新品种授权、技术支撑体系、推广应用与合作交流等方面梳理了近年来我国林木良种和林草植物新品种选育的进展与成效。从种质资源高效利用、区域均衡发展、属(种)结构优化和主体协作机制4个维度,分析了当前我国林木良种和林草植物新品种选育存在的短板与不足。同时,提出了发展前沿育种技术、搭建资源共享平台、选育多功能品种、打造供应链体系等对策和建议,为推动我国林木种苗和林业产业高质量发展提供科学依据与实践路径。

关键词: 林木良种, 林业, 品种审定, 品种认定, 林草植物新品种, 育种

Abstract:

Forest varieties and new varieties of grass and plant are the core driving force for forestry development,and have important strategic significance in promoting seed industry safety,forestry technology innovation and industrial upgrading,meeting diversified needs,and enhancing international competitiveness.We summarized the progress and achievements of forest varieties and new varieties of grass and plant in China in recent years,including logical relationship,approval(identification) of forest varieties,authorization of new varieties of grass and plant,technical support system,promotion and application,cooperation and exchange.From four dimensions of efficient utilization of germplasm resources,regional development balance,optimization of genus(species) structure,and main body cooperation mechanism,we analyzed the shortcomings and deficiencies in the current forest varieties and new varieties of grass and plant in China.The measures and suggestions are proposed to cultivate cutting-edge breeding technologies,build resource sharing platforms,breed multifunctional varieties,and create a supply chain system,in order to provide scientific basis and practical path for promoting the high-quality development of China's forest seedlings and forestry industry.

Key words: forest varieties, forestry, variety approval, variety identification, new varieties of grass and plant, breeding

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