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林草资源研究 ›› 2024›› Issue (5): 77-85.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.05.009

• 科研研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南热带雨林国家公园吊罗山片区蝴蝶树种群结构与动态特征

商乃演(), 杨小波(), 李东海, 刘人通, 苏欣, 石佳奇, 杜春雁   

  1. 海南大学 生态学院,海口 570228
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-11 修回日期:2024-09-11 出版日期:2024-10-28 发布日期:2025-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 杨小波,教授,博士,主要研究方向为植物生态学和植物资源学。Email:yanfengxb@163.com
  • 作者简介:商乃演,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为植物生态学。Email:2208556101@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    海南省林业局资助项目“国家重点保护野生植物(海南)种群补查、监测与保护关键技术研究与示范”(HD-KYH-2022165)

Population Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of Heritiera parvifolia in Diaoluo Mountain of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park

SHANG Naiyan(), YANG Xiaobo(), LI Donghai, LIU Rentong, SU Xin, SHI Jiaqi, DU Chunyan   

  1. College of Ecology,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China
  • Received:2024-06-11 Revised:2024-09-11 Online:2024-10-28 Published:2025-04-18

摘要: 为揭示重点保护野生植物蝴蝶树野外种群的生存现状,探究濒危原因,对分布于海南热带雨林国家公园吊罗山片区的蝴蝶树种群开展调查。以径级代替龄级,利用静态生命表等种群统计学方法,分析其结构动态。结果表明:1)蝴蝶树的种群龄级结构呈增长型,但从第II龄级过渡至第III龄级种群数量下降32.58%,存在增补限制;2)VII—VIII龄级间的种群动态指数(V7)为-0.666 7,老龄个体存在更高的衰退风险,无干扰动态指数(Vpi)、随机干扰动态指数(V'pi)和随机干扰风险概率(Pmax)的值均大于零,且Vpi远大于V'pi,种群对外界环境变化较为敏感;3)第III龄级个体的平均期望寿命(ex)最高,存活曲线趋近于Deevey-II型;4)生存分析表明,该种群呈现出前期下降、中期大幅波动以及后期逐渐衰退的变化特点;5)经过未来2、4、6、8个龄级后,第II和第VIII龄级个体数均有不同程度的减少。幼苗成活率低、种内种间竞争激烈、老龄级个体存在高衰退风险以及人为干扰是吊罗山蝴蝶树种群濒危的主要原因。

关键词: 蝴蝶树, 重点保护野生植物, 年龄结构, 生存函数, 时间序列预测

Abstract:

This study investigates the survival status and causes of endangerment of the wild population of the Heritiera parvifolia in Diaoluo Mountain,key protected wild plant of rational importance located within Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.The study analyzed and predicted population structure and dynamics using diameter class,the quantity dynamic index,static life table,survival curve,survival function,and time series prediction model.The results show that:1)The age class structure of Heritiera parvifolia population indicated an increasing trend.However,a 32.58% decline was observed from the age classes of Ⅱ to III,suggesting recruitment limitation.2)The quantity dynamic index(V7)was -0.666 7 between the VII and VIII age classes.This suggested a higher risk of decline among older individuals.Additionally,the non-interference dynamic index(Vpi),random interference dynamic index(V'pi) and random interference risk probability(Pmax)were all greater than zero,with Vpi significantly exceeding V'pi. This highlights the population’s sensitivity to external disturbances.3)The life expectancy(ex)peaked at age class III,and the survival curve resembled a Deevey-Ⅱ type.4)Survival functional analysis revealed a pattern of early-stage decline,significant fluctuations in the middle stage,and gradual decline in the later stages of the Heritiera parvifolia population.5)Projections for the next 2,4,6 and 8 age classes in the future indicate varying degrees of decline in individuals within age classes II and VIII.The primary factors contributing to the endangerment of Heritiera parvifolia include low seedling survival rates,intense intra and interspecific competition,heightened risk of decline among older individuals,and human disturbances.

Key words: Heritiera parvifolia, national key protercted wild plants, age structure, survival function, time series prediction

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