林窗对大兴安岭南段杨桦次生林林下更新特征的影响

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.04.005

林业资源管理 ›› 2019, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 31-36.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.04.005

林窗对大兴安岭南段杨桦次生林林下更新特征的影响

刘兵兵¹^,²(), 赵鹏武¹^,², 周梅¹^,²(), 王媛³, 杨柳¹^,², 舒洋¹^,²

1.内蒙古农业大学林学院,呼和浩特 010019
2.内蒙古赛罕乌拉森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古赤峰 025150
3.内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,呼和浩特 010019

收稿日期:2019-05-13 修回日期:2019-05-29 出版日期:2019-08-28 发布日期:2020-10-20
通讯作者: 周梅
作者简介:刘兵兵(1995-),男,内蒙古兴安盟人,在读硕士,主要从事森林生态学研究。Email: 1041886576@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“林草交错区森林死亡后粗木质残体对林木更新的影响机制”(41861005);研究生科研创新资助项目“大兴安岭南段白桦次生林林窗干扰下凋落物质量损失和养分释放影响研究”(S2018111997Z)

Effects of Forest Gaps on the Regeneration Pattern of the Undergrowth of Secondary Poplar-Birch Forests in Southern Greater Xing'an Mountains

LIU Bingbing¹^,²(), ZHAO Pengwu¹^,², ZHOU Mei¹^,²(), WANG Yuan³, YANG Liu¹^,², SHU Yang¹^,²

1. College of Forestry Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China
2. Inner Mongolia Saihanwula Forest Ecosystem National Positioning Research Station Chifeng025150
3. College of Grassland and Resources and Environment Inner Mongolia AgriculturalUniversity,Hohhot 010019,China

Received:2019-05-13 Revised:2019-05-29 Online:2019-08-28 Published:2020-10-20
Contact: ZHOU Mei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究杨桦次生林不同林窗大小对林下物种更新特征的影响,为人为近自然模拟林窗干扰更新提供理论依据和参考。以内蒙古大兴安岭南段杨桦次生林为研究对象,按海拔梯度将6hm ²大样地分为坡上、坡中及坡下,每个坡位划分为4个林窗面积等级,每个等级内选择3个不同面积林窗,作为3个重复,每个坡位选择林窗36个,在每个林窗内设置更新苗调查样方5个。同时设置相同面积的对照样方(CK)36个。共调查林窗更新苗样方180个,林内对照更新苗样方180个。结果表明,林窗具有使原先锋物种(蒙古栎)更新密度下降的趋势;林窗内蒙古栎均为主要更新物种,从坡下到坡上,蒙古栎更新苗密度分别占总更新密度的61.19%,50%,39.86%;林窗中更新苗都以低矮植株(<60cm)为主,更新苗在不同坡位、不同林窗面积中均表现为随高度级的增加,更新苗数量降低。不同坡位不同高度级内更新苗数量基本呈现出大林窗多于小林窗;坡位及林窗面积均对蒙古栎更新苗基径影响显著(P<0.05);林窗能够显著促进蒙古栎更新苗粗生长,在林窗面积为80~100m ²达到最大;林窗内坡上及坡下蒙古栎更新苗基径均大于林内,坡中没有如此表现。总的来看,林窗能够显著促进林下物种更新与生长,并且具有使原有先锋物种(蒙古栎)更新密度下降的趋势。

关键词: 大兴安岭南段, 杨桦次生林, 林窗, 蒙古栎, 更新特征

Abstract:

The effects of different forest gap sizes on the regeneration pattern of the undergrowth of secondary Poplar-birch were studied,which provided theoretical basis and reference for the artificial near-natural simulation of forest gap disturbance renewal.Taking the secondary Poplar-birch forest in the Southern Greater Xing'an Mountains,Inner Mongolia as the research object,the 6hm2 large plots were divided into the upper part,the middle and the lower part of slopes according to the altitude gradient.Each slope was divided into 4 forest gap area grades,and each grade was selected 3 forest gaps of different sizes,as three repetitions,36 forest gaps are selected for each slope position,and 5regeneration seedling survey samples are set in each forest gap.At the same time,36 control samples (CK) of the same area were set.A total of 180 regeneration seedlings samples and 180 CK samples were set up and surveyed in the forest gaps.The results showed that the forest gap had the tendency to decrease the regeneration density of the original pioneer species (Mongolian scorpion); the sorghum in the forest gap was the main renewed species.From the lower part,to the middle part and the upper part of slopes,the regeneration seedling density of Quercus mongolica accounted for 61.9%,50% and 39.86% of the total renewal density respectively.The regenerated seedlings in the forest gaps are mainly low-lying plants (<60 cm),and the number of regenerated seedlings show a decrease with an increase of height level in different slope positions and different forest gap areas.The number of regenerated seedlings in different heights of different slopes showed that there were more large forest gaps than small ones.The slope position and forest gap area all had significant effects on the algae diameter of Quercus mongolica (p<0.05),forest gaps could significantly promote the regeneration of Quercus mongolica.The growth of seedlings was the largest in the forest gap area of 80-100 m ².The diameter of the seedlings in the forest gapin the lower part and the upper part of slopes were higher than those in the forest,and there was no such performance in the middle part of slopes.In general,forest gaps can significantly promote the regeneration and growth of undergrowth species,and have a tendency to reduce the density of regeneration of the original pioneer speciesMongolian mongolica.

Key words: Southern greater Xing'an mountains, secondary poplar-birch forest, gaps, Mongolian, regeneration pattern

中图分类号:

S754

刘兵兵, 赵鹏武, 周梅, 王媛, 杨柳, 舒洋. 林窗对大兴安岭南段杨桦次生林林下更新特征的影响[J]. 林业资源管理, 2019, 0(4): 31-36.

LIU Bingbing, ZHAO Pengwu, ZHOU Mei, WANG Yuan, YANG Liu, SHU Yang. Effects of Forest Gaps on the Regeneration Pattern of the Undergrowth of Secondary Poplar-Birch Forests in Southern Greater Xing'an Mountains[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2019, 0(4): 31-36.

图/表 5

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坡位	海拔/ m	面积等级/ m²	林窗面积/ m²	坡向	形成方式
坡下	1182~1220	≤50	38.2~ 49.5	WN	JZ
		50~80	55.3~ 78.5	WN	ZZ
		80~100	80.0~ 97.2	WN	JZ
		≥100	102.5~277.8	WN	ZZ
坡中	1230~1261	≤50	28.5~ 48.2	WN	ZZ
		50~80	50.3~ 77.5	WN	ZZ
		80~100	88.0~ 99.7	WN	ZZ
		≥100	125.5~242.2	WN	ZZ
坡上	1264~1311	≤50	21.3~ 47.5	WN	ZZ
		50~80	51.8~ 72.1	WN	ZZ
		80~100	90.2~ 99.5	WN	JZ
		≥100	123.5~243.1	WN	JZ

坡位	树种		面积等级/m²
坡位	树种		≤50		50~80		80~100		≥100	CK
坡下	蒙古栎	9333.333		9291.667		5000		13333.33		10556
	山杨	2500		0		2500		0		556
	白桦	2500		0		0		6250		0
	鼠李	4687.5		0		0		0		0
	黑桦	2500		0		0		0		0
	山丁子	2500		0		0		0		0
坡中	蒙古栎	5000		6250		5000		3888.889		2500
	山杨	5000		6250		2500		5138.889		1500
	白桦	0		0		2500		0		1000
坡上	蒙古栎	7083.333		5277.778		4583.333		6805.556		7000
	山杨	3750		3750		0		8750		1000
	白桦	0		0		0		5000		0
	蒙段	0		4583.333		5000		5000		0

源	Ⅲ 类平方和	自由度	均方	F	显著性	偏 Eta 平方
坡位	43.209	2	21.605	3.931	0.020	0.208
林窗面积	61.278	4	15.319	2.787	0.024	0.271

林窗对大兴安岭南段杨桦次生林林下更新特征的影响

Effects of Forest Gaps on the Regeneration Pattern of the Undergrowth of Secondary Poplar-Birch Forests in Southern Greater Xing'an Mountains

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