晋西北风沙区土壤水分及碳氮含量对平茬柠条锦鸡儿生产力的影响

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.05.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 三北防护林工程实施以来,柠条锦鸡儿林已成为晋西北风沙区防风固沙的重要生态屏障。探究土壤水分和碳氮含量对平茬柠条锦鸡儿地上净初级生产力(ANPP)的影响机制对当地人工植被建设和区域生态稳定至关重要。以晋西北风沙区平茬第1年的柠条锦鸡儿为研究对象,采用独立样本t检验、线性回归模型和随机森林模型研究平茬柠条锦鸡儿ANPP的变化及不同径向距离和土层的土壤水分和土壤碳氮含量对平茬柠条锦鸡儿ANPP的影响。结果表明:1)平茬柠条锦鸡儿ANPP极显著高于未平茬柠条锦鸡儿的ANPP(P<0.01);距茎秆0.25 m处20~<40 cm土层土壤水分含量(R²=0.456,P=0.016)、40~<60 cm土层土壤全氮含量(R²=0.363,P=0.038)和距茎秆0.50 m处20~<40 cm土层土壤水分含量(R²=0.465,P=0.015)均与平茬柠条锦鸡儿ANPP呈显著正相关;2)随机森林模型结果显示,影响平茬柠条锦鸡儿ANPP的最主要土壤限制因子是距茎秆0.50 m处20~<40 cm土层土壤水分。未来柠条锦鸡儿管理应重点关注平茬柠条锦鸡儿根系密集区20~<60 cm土层土壤水分和碳氮含量,特别是20~<40 cm土层土壤水分对ANPP的影响,以优化晋西北风沙区柠条锦鸡儿恢复策略,提高“三北”生态功能的可持续性。

关键词: 平茬柠条锦鸡儿, 土壤水分, 土壤全碳, 土壤全氮, 晋西北风沙区

Abstract:

Since the implementation of the Three-North(i.e.,Northeast China,North China and Northwest China)Shelterbelt Forest Program,Caragana korshinskii forest has become a crucial ecological barrier for wind prevention and sand fixation in the northwestern Shanxi sandstorm region.Therefore,investigating the impact mechanisms of soil moisture and carbon-nitrogen content on the aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP)of Caragana korshinskii under stubble disturbance is vital for local artificial vegetation construction and regional ecological stability.In this study,flat stubble Caragana korshinskii in its first-year in the northwestern Shanxi sandstorm region was used as the research object.Independent sample T-tests,linear regression models,and random forest models were employed to study the changes in productivity of flat stubble Caragana korshinskii and the effects of soil moisture and soil carbon-nitrogen content at different radial distances and soil layers on this productivity.1)The ANPP of the un-flat-stubble Caragana korshinskii was significantly higher than that of the flat stubble Caragana korshinskii 20~<40 cm (P<0.01).Soil moisture content at depth and 0.25 m from the stem(R²=0.456,P=0.016),soil total nitrogen content at 40~<60 cm(R²=0.363,P=0.038)and soil moisture content at depth and 0.5 m from the stem(R²=0.465,P=0.015)were significantly positively correlated with the productivity of flat stubble Caragana korshinskii forest.2)The random forest model results indicated that the most important soil limiting factor affecting ANPP changes after stubble disturbance was soil moisture content at 20~<40 cm depth and 0.5 m from the stem.The study suggests that future management of Caragana korshinskii forests should focus on soil moisture and carbon-nitrogen content at 20~<60 cm soil depth in root-dense areas,particularly the response of soil moisture at the 20~<40 cm soil layer to ANPP.This approach will optimize the restoration strategy of Caragana korshinskii forests in the northwestern Shanxi sandstorm region and enhance the sustainability of the ecological functions of the Three-North Shelterbelt Program.

Key words: flat stubble Caragana korshinskii forest, soil moisture, soil total carbon, soil total nitrogen, northwestern Shanxi sandstorm region

中图分类号:

薛悦, 赵峰侠, 李亚杰, 冀雯霞, 孟丹. 晋西北风沙区土壤水分及碳氮含量对平茬柠条锦鸡儿生产力的影响[J]. 林草资源研究, 2024,(5): 56-65.

XUE Yue, ZHAO Fengxia, LI Yajie, JI Wenxia, MENG Dan. Soil Moisture and Carbon-Nitrogen Content on the Productivity of Flat Stubble Caragana korshinskii Forest in the Northwestern Shanxi Sandstorm Region[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2024,(5): 56-65.

图/表 8

表1

表2

不同样地不同土层深度在不同径向距离的土壤水分和碳氮含量

样方序号	土层深度/ cm	土壤水分/%		土壤全碳/(g/kg)		土壤全氮/(g/kg)		土壤碳氮比
样方序号	土层深度/ cm	0.25 m	0.50 m	0.25 m	0.50 m	0.25 m	0.50 m	0.25 m	0.50 m
1	0~< 20	10.91±0.68ab	10.40±1.49ab	0.13±0.01a	0.13±0.00a	1.29±0.03a	1.25±0.16a	10.18±0.40ab	9.68±1.13b
	20~< 40	11.61±1.21a	11.44±1.25a	0.11±0.01ab	0.10±0.02abc	1.28±0.26a	1.28±0.20a	11.32±1.97ab	14.09±6.32b
	40~< 60	10.80±1.44ab	9.68±0.32abc	0.11±0.00ab	0.10±0.03abc	1.35±0.18a	1.38±0.14a	12.18±1.56ab	16.62±9.10b
	60~<100	6.44±1.00de	5.94±0.47d	0.11±0.01ab	0.12±0.01ab	1.12±0.01abc	1.13±0.10ab	10.28±1.05ab	9.55±1.00b
2	0~< 20	10.65±0.40ab	9.81±0.63abc	0.11±0.02ab	0.11±0.01abc	1.34±0.10a	1.33±0.09a	12.37±2.25ab	12.69±2.41b
	20~< 40	9.74±1.51abc	9.92±0.97abc	0.07±0.04b	0.10±0.01abc	1.34±0.07a	1.31±0.05a	22.22±9.21a	13.85±2.37b
	40~< 60	8.13±1.23cde	8.79±0.93bc	0.09±0.01ab	0.06±0.04bc	1.32±0.06a	1.31±0.09a	14.56±1.94ab	25.58±12.54ab
	60~<100	6.03±0.63e	6.21±0.32d	0.08±0.03ab	0.06±0.04c	1.30±0.04a	1.33±0.04a	20.13±10.62ab	29.65±15.87a
3	0~< 20	9.05±0.51bc	9.09±0.43abc	0.10±0.01ab	0.11±0.00abc	1.34±0.10a	1.13±0.09ab	10.81±0.55ab	10.66±0.75b
	20~< 40	9.53±0.79abc	9.42±0.69abc	0.10±0.01ab	0.11±0.00abc	1.13±0.16abc	1.14±0.13ab	11.43±1.00ab	10.70±1.31b
	40~< 60	9.40±0.53abc	9.45±0.79abc	0.09±0.03ab	0.10±0.01abc	1.23±0.23ab	1.27±0.30a	15.22±3.32ab	13.24±3.33b
	60~<100	7.65±0.36cde	7.87±0.60cbd	0.08±0.03ab	0.11±0.00abc	1.35±0.19a	1.32±0.20a	18.38±8.71ab	12.30±1.43b
4	0~< 20	9.56±0.72abc	9.88±0.37abc	0.17±0.01ab	0.12±0.01a	0.95±0.03bc	0.98±0.06ab	8.17±0.39b	8.02±0.35b
	20~< 40	9.29±1.11abc	9.69±0.39abc	0.10±0.00ab	0.10±0.00abc	0.81±0.00c	0.82±0.02b	8.17±0.13b	8.33±0.27b
	40~< 60	8.42±0.61bcd	9.02±0.96abc	0.11±0.01ab	0.10±0.01abc	0.82±0.05c	0.86±0.11b	7.73±0.76b	8.50±0.61b
	60~<100	7.39±0.80cde	7.10±1.90 cd	0.11±0.01ab	0.11±0.01ab	1.06±0.14abc	1.06±0.14ab	8.95±1.28b	9.36±1.37b

表2

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

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样地	纬度	经度	坡度/(°)	海拔/m
1	38°58'08″—38°58'51″N	111°45'25″—111°46'01″E	0~ 5	1 423~1 446
2	38°58'21″—38°58'49″N	111°46'17″—111°46'50″E	0~10	1 444~1 448
3	38°58'02″—38°58'27″N	111°47'11″—111°47'24″E	5~10	1 392~1 447
4	38°58'21″—38°59'22″N	111°45'42″—111°46'47″E	0~10	1 427~1 447