关键词: 黄河流域, 生物多样性, 保护空缺, MaxEnt模型, 气候变化

Abstract:

The Yellow River basin in Henan Province is an important biodiversity protection hotspot with an important natural protection value.In order to identify the suitable habitats and protection gaps of key protected wild species in the Yellow River basin of Henan Province,this paper simulated and predicted the potential distribution areas of six key protected wild species and 46 environmental factors under three climate scenarios in the benchmark period(1970-2000)and two future periods(2041-2060,2081-2100)based on the MaxEnt optimization model,and identified the protection gaps based on the spatial distribution data of nature reserves.The results showed that the seasonal changes of altitude and precipitation were the dominant environmental factors affecting the geographical distribution of key protected wild species.In 2090 period(2081-2100),the suitable habitat area of key protected wild species increased the most under the SSP585 climate scenario compared to the benchmark period,indicating that temperature change significantly affects the suitable habitat range of key protected wild tree species within the research area.The existing nature reserves have covered 70% of the suitable habitats of key protected wild species,and the core area of protection gap was mainly located in the Xiong'er Mountains in the Yiluo River basin and the intersection between the Xiong'er Mountains and the northern foot of Funiushan Mountain in the west of Henan Province.This study provides important theoretical support for biodiversity protection and nature reserve planning in the Yellow River basin in Henan Province.

Key words: the Yellow River Basin, biodiversity, protection gaps, MaxEnt model, climate change