Influence of Land Use on Landscape Pattern Evolution of Rocky Desertification in Karst Areas of Yunnan,China

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.01.008

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the land use types and the temporal and spatial characteristics and evolution laws of rocky desertification grades in karst areas of Yunnan Province,the effects of different land use types on rocky desertification grades were analyzed. The data of land use type was obtained based on GlobeLand30,and the data of rocky desertification grade was obtained by using ENVI to classify the decision tree of Landsat image. The spatial analysis of land use type and rocky desertification landscape pattern were carried out by ArcGIS and Fragstats. The results in the karst area of Yunnan from 2000 to 2020 showed that: 1) The main types of land use were cultivated land,woodland and grassland,and the area of cultivated land and construction land was increased year by year. 2)The area of non-rocky desertification increased year by year,the area of severe rocky desertification decreased year by year,the overall grade of rocky desertification tended to improve,and the area of high-grade rocky desertification patch decreased,namely the dominance decreased. 3) Rocky desertification mainly occured in woodland and shrubbery,the area of rocky desertification in cultivated land showed an increasing trend,and the area of rocky desertification in woodland and grassland showed a decreasing trend except for the grade of extremely severe rocky desertification. 4) The PAFRAC of land use type and rocky desertification landscape pattern decreased by 0.0007 and 0.0022 respectively,while COHESION,AI,DIVISION,SHDI and SHEI showed negative correlation. The complexity of rocky desertification landscape type decreased with the change of land use landscape type,and the situation of rocky desertification improved continuously. This study was helpful to evaluate the effectiveness of rocky desertification control and provided a scientific basis for ecological restoration and rocky desertification control in the future.

Key words: rocky desertification, land use, landscape pattern evolution, transition matrix, karst areas, Yunnan Province

CLC Number:

S758.5

TIAN Xiangyun, ZHANG Chao, CHEN Qi, SHI Xiaorong, WANG Yan. Influence of Land Use on Landscape Pattern Evolution of Rocky Desertification in Karst Areas of Yunnan,China[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2022, 0(1): 61-69.

Figures/Tables 11

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序号	景观指数	生态学意义
1	面积周长分维数(PAFRAC)	1≤PRAFRAC≤2,描述景观形状复杂程度,越接近1形状越简单;越接近2则越复杂
2	凝聚度指数(COHESION)	0≤COHESION≤100,描述景观间的连通性,随着各斑块间分布聚集,自然连通度提高
3	聚合度指数(AI)	0≤AI≤100,描述景观类型斑块间的集聚程度,值越小集聚程度越低
4	分离度指数(DIVISION)	0≤DIVISION<100,描述不同斑块类型的混合程度,值越大分布越分散
5	香农多样性(SHDI)	0≤SHDI,描述景观结构组成的复杂程度,值增大,则斑块在景观中呈均衡化分布
6	香农均匀度(SHEI)	0≤SHEI≤1,描述景观中各斑块在面积上分布的均匀程度,值越大越均匀

类型	面积/km²			2000—2010年		2010—2020年		2000—2020年
类型	2000年	2010年	2020年	变化面积/km²	动态度/%	变化面积/km²	动态度/%	变化面积/km²	动态度/%
耕地	38440.49	38682.29	39458.14	241.80	0.06	775.85	0.20	1017.65	0.13
林地	49116.70	48638.74	47883.35	-477.96	-0.10	-755.39	-0.16	-1233.35	-0.13
草地	21298.07	20872.45	20390.98	-425.62	-0.20	-481.47	-0.23	-907.09	-0.21
灌木	7088.65	7737.24	6757.23	648.59	0.91	-980.01	-1.27	-331.42	-0.23
湿地	43.79	14.85	13.56	-28.94	-6.61	-1.29	-0.87	-30.23	-3.45
水域	1357.64	1268.23	1509.34	-89.41	-0.66	241.11	1.90	151.70	0.56
建设用地	665.97	756.67	2122.83	90.70	1.36	1366.16	18.05	1456.86	10.94
裸地	182.78	279.11	132.78	96.33	5.27	-146.33	-5.24	-50.00	-1.37
冰雪	111.42	55.93	37.30	-55.49	-4.98	-18.63	-3.33	-74.12	-3.33

石漠化等级	面积/km²			2000—2010年		2010—2020年		2000—2020年
石漠化等级	2000年	2010年	2020年	变化面积/km²	动态度/%	变化面积/km²	动态度/%	变化面积/km²	动态度/%
无石漠化	62459.24	66179.97	74720.13	3720.73	0.60	8540.16	1.29	12260.89	0.98
潜在石漠化	18895.02	18391.77	18763.56	-503.25	-0.27	371.79	0.20	-131.46	-0.03
轻度石漠化	3849.05	4402.55	2438.55	553.50	1.44	-1964.00	-4.46	-1410.50	-1.83
中度石漠化	5644.20	4976.98	5140.92	-667.22	-1.18	163.94	0.33	-503.28	-0.45
重度石漠化	19957.55	16322.75	12122.71	-3634.80	-1.82	-4200.04	-2.57	-7834.84	-1.96
极重度石漠化	7500.45	8031.49	5119.64	531.04	0.71	-2911.85	-3.63	-2380.81	-1.59

石漠化等级	年份	土地利用
石漠化等级	年份	耕地	林地	草地	灌木	湿地	水域	建设用地	裸地	冰雪
无石漠化	2000	56.88	33.89	3.96	1.88	0.06	2.09	1.04	0.03	0.17
	2010	54.07	36.16	4.74	1.92	0.02	1.85	1.11	0.05	0.08
	2020	49.46	37.43	5.41	2.94	0.02	1.94	2.73	0.02	0.05
潜在石漠化	2000	3.54	75.08	7.87	13.46	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.00
	2010	3.46	73.93	10.76	11.79	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.00
	2020	4.07	68.87	13.77	13.18	0.00	0.03	0.05	0.03	0.00
轻度石漠化	2000	5.11	57.04	33.33	4.40	0.00	0.07	0.02	0.03	0.00
	2010	5.21	43.52	47.22	3.92	0.00	0.07	0.02	0.04	0.00
	2020	5.38	23.57	68.24	2.53	0.00	0.14	0.11	0.03	0.00
中度石漠化	2000	5.63	45.13	40.46	8.48	0.00	0.20	0.03	0.07	0.00
	2010	6.51	36.32	48.43	8.40	0.00	0.17	0.03	0.14	0.00
	2020	6.74	25.05	62.95	4.79	0.00	0.25	0.16	0.06	0.00
重度石漠化	2000	5.92	33.80	51.37	8.66	0.00	0.09	0.02	0.14	0.00
	2010	6.81	31.99	48.08	12.82	0.00	0.08	0.03	0.19	0.00
	2020	7.06	29.21	54.69	8.61	0.00	0.15	0.20	0.08	0.00
极重度石漠化	2000	6.88	30.32	47.40	13.29	0.02	0.24	0.09	1.75	0.01
	2010	7.08	26.87	42.97	20.22	0.00	0.21	0.15	2.50	0.00
	2020	7.06	30.73	44.71	14.53	0.00	0.32	0.70	1.94	0.01

年份	景观格局指数
年份	面积周长维数 (PAFRAC)	凝聚度指数 (COHESION)	聚合度指数 (AI)	分离度指数 (DIVISION)	香浓多样性 (SHDI)	香农均匀度 (SHEI)
2000	1.6226	96.0479	55.3324	0.9944	1.3074	0.5950
2010	1.6288	95.8817	54.7611	0.9947	1.3153	0.5986
2020	1.6219	95.4930	54.7526	0.9958	1.3379	0.6089
2000—2010	0.0062	-0.1662	-0.5713	0.0003	0.0079	0.0036
2010—2020	-0.0069	-0.3887	-0.0085	0.0011	0.0226	0.0103
2000—2020	-0.0007	-0.5549	-0.5798	0.0014	0.0305	0.0139