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林业资源管理 ›› 2022, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (zk1): 91-101.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.S0.014

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

燕山北部不同类型防护林枯落物及土壤水文效应

李艳茹1(), 赵鹏1, 李海山2, 陈哲1, 董大鹏1, 谷建才1, 陆贵巧1()   

  1. 1.河北农业大学 林学院,河北 保定 071000
    2.河北省林业和草原局,石家庄 050000
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-20 修回日期:2022-11-03 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-04-21
  • 通讯作者: 陆贵巧(1963-),女,河北正定人,教授,博士,主要从事森林培育研究。Email:guiqiaolu@126.com
  • 作者简介:李艳茹(1996-),女,河北衡水人,硕士研究生,主要从事森林培育研究。Email:1955254867@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    全球环境基金项目(9518);国家重点研发计划课题“坝上高原及华北北部山地沙化土地治理与沙产业技术研发及示范”(2016YFC0500802);2015年河北省高等学校科学研究计划项目(Z2015079)

Litter and Soil Hydrological Effects of Different Types of Shelterbelts in Northern Yanshan

LI Yanru1(), ZHAO Peng1, LI Haishan2, CHEN Zhe1, DONG Dapeng1, GU Jiancai1, LU Guiqiao1()   

  1. 1. College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China
    2. Hebei Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Shijiazhuang 050000,China
  • Received:2022-07-20 Revised:2022-11-03 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-04-21

摘要:

研究华北落叶松林、山杨-白桦林、华北落叶松-白桦林、油松-华北落叶松林、白桦林5种类型防护林的枯落物和土壤水文效应。研究方法为浸泡法和环刀法。结果表明:1)枯落物蓄积量范围为11.26~17.75 t/hm2,山杨-白桦林最大,油松-华北落叶松林次之,白桦林最小,华北落叶松林、油松-华北落叶松林未分解层蓄积量大于半分解层,山杨-白桦林、白桦林、华北落叶松-白桦林规律相反。2)枯落物最大持水量为31.27~51.75 t/hm2,有效拦蓄量为23.69~27.70 t/hm2,均表现为山杨-白桦林最大,华北落叶松林最小,持水量(率)、拦蓄量(率)半分解层均大于未分解层。枯落物持水量和持水率与浸泡时间分别呈对数函数和指数函数。3)土壤容重为1.18~1.23 g/cm3,总孔隙度为43.75%~58.47%。土壤有效持水量为64.71~131.09 t/hm2,山杨-白桦林最大,白桦林次之,华北落叶松林最小,土壤入渗速率与入渗时间呈幂函数关系。4) 5种林分水源涵养能力大小排序为山杨-白桦林>华北落叶松-白桦林>白桦林>油松-华北落叶松林>华北落叶松林,阔叶混交林、针阔混交林水源涵养能力较好。

关键词: 枯落物层, 土壤层, 水文特征, 燕山北部, 防护林

Abstract:

The litter and soil hydrological effects of five types of shelterbelts were studied,including Larix principis-rupprechtii forest,Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest,Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla forest,Pinus tabuliformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest,Betula platyphylla forest.Research methods were soaking method and the ring knife method.The results showed that:1) The litter accumulation ranged from 11.26 to 17.75 t/hm2,with that of the Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest being the highest,followed by the Pinus tabuliformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest,and that of the Betula platyphylla forest being the lowest.The accumulation of undecomposed layer in the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest and the Pinus tabuliformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest were greater than that of the semi-decomposition layer,and the law of the Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest,the Betula platyphylla forest,and the Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla forest were opposite.2) The maximum water-holding capacity of the litter was 31.27~51.75 t/hm2,and the effective storage capacity was 23.69~27.70 t/hm2,both of them were the highest in the Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest,the lowest in the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest.The water-holding capacity(rate) and retention capacity(rate) of semi-decomposed layer were greater than those of undecomposed layer.The water-holding capacity and water-holding rate of litter were logarithmic and exponential functions with soaking time,respectively.3) The soil bulk density ranged from 1.18 to 1.23 g/cm3,and the total porosity ranged from 43.75% to 58.47%.The soil effective water-holding capacity ranged from 64.71 to 131.09 t/hm2,with that of the Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest being the highest,followed by the Betula platyphylla forest,and that of the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest being the lowest.The soil infiltration rate and infiltration time showed a power function relationship.4) By sequence,water conservation capacity order of the five forests was Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest>Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla forest>Betula platyphylla forest>Pinus tabuliformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest>Larix principis-rupprechtii forest.Broad-leaved mixed forest and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest had better water conservation capacity.

Key words: litter layer, soil layer, hydrological characteristics, Northern Yanshan, shelterbelts

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