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林草资源研究 ›› 2023›› Issue (5): 63-71.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2023.05.008

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

增城林场不同植物群落植物多样性及其影响因子分析

谢卓洪1,2(), 陈佩彤1, 符式培3, 陈岸军3, 李威3, 梁新玲3, 雷敏1, 刘萍1()   

  1. 1.华南农业大学 林学与风景园林学院,广州 510642
    2.广东省岭南院勘察设计有限公司,广州 510000
    3.广东省增城林场,广州 511399
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-25 修回日期:2023-09-26 出版日期:2023-10-28 发布日期:2023-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘萍,教授,博士,研究方向:森林可持续经营。Email:bengtiaoliu@126.com
  • 作者简介:谢卓洪,硕士,研究方向:森林可持续经营。Email:776104424@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省林业科技创新重点项目(2021KJCX009)

Plant Diversity and Influencing Factors on Different Plant Community in Zengcheng Forest Farm

XIE Zhuohong1,2(), CHEN Peitong1, FU Shipei3, CHEN Anjun3, LI Wei3, LIANG Xinling3, LEI Min1, LIU Ping1()   

  1. 1. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China
    2. Guangdong Lingnanyuan Survey and Design Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510000,China
    3. Zengcheng Forest Farm,Guangzhou 511399,China
  • Received:2023-07-25 Revised:2023-09-26 Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-12-20

摘要:

基于50个标准地调查数据,首先,采用双向指示种分析法(TWINSPAN)将50个标准地划分为不同群落类型;其次,分析不同群落类型的α-多样性、β-多样性,判断不同群落类型植物多样性的差异;最后,利用冗余分析,探究增城林场不同植物群落植物多样性及影响因子。研究结果表明:1)增城林场植物包括84科189属270种,可分为10种植物群落,其中优势群落为“华润楠+木荷+淡竹叶群落”“黧蒴锥+鹅掌柴+九节群落”和“杉木+木荷+淡竹叶群落”。2)各植物群落类型α-多样性差异较大,“白楸+鹅掌柴+乌毛蕨群落”“杉木+木荷+淡竹叶群落”α-多样性最丰富,“华润楠+木荷+淡竹叶群落”等群落次之,“巨尾桉+莠竹群落”最简单;“华润楠+木荷+淡竹叶群落”相对其它群落来说,其平均β-多样性指数最高,说明与其他群落的种间竞争最小,群落稳定性最强。3)林分郁闭度和优势树种对植物多样性影响极显著,林分密度与海拔对植物多样性影响显著。综上所述,“华润楠+木荷+淡竹叶群落”综合植物多样性最佳。通过调整优势树种林分密度优化林分结构,在森林经营活动中,可将林分朝“华润楠+木荷+淡竹叶群落”方向改造,以进一步丰富植物多样性和增强系统稳定性。

关键词: 植物群落, 植物多样性, 数量分类, 冗余分析, 增城林场

Abstract:

Firstly,based on 50 standard survey data,TWINSPAN method was used to classify 50 standard communities into different community types.Secondly,the α-diversity and β-diversity of different community types were analyzed to determine the difference of plant diversity among different community types.Finally,using redundancy analysis,plant diversity and influencing factors of different plant communities in Zengcheng Forest Farm were explored.The results showed as follows:1)The plants in Zengcheng Forest Farm included 84 families,189 genera and 270 species,which could be divided into 10 plant communities,among which the dominant communities were "Ass.Machilus chinensis+Schima superba+Lophatherum gracile","Ass.Castanopsis fissa+Heptapleurum heptaphyllum+Psychotria asiatica" and "Ass.Cunninghamia lanceolata+Schima superba+Lophatherum gracile".2)There were significant differences in α-diversity among different plant community types.The α-diversity was the most abundant in the community of "Ass.Mallotus paniculatus+Heptapleurum heptaphyllum+Blechnopsis orientalis" and the community of "Ass.Cunninghamia lanceolata+Schima superba+Lophatherum gracile",followed by the community of "Ass.Machilus chinensis+Schima superba+Lophatherum gracile",and the community of "Ass.Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla+Microstegium vimineum" was the simplest.Compared with other communities,the average β-diversity index of the community of "Ass.Machilus chinensis+Schima superba+Lophatherum gracile" was the highest,indicating the least interspecific competition and the strongest community stability.3)Stand cover and dominant tree species had significant effects on plant diversity,while stand density and altitude had significant effects on plant diversity.In summary,the comprehensive plant diversity of "Ass.Machilus chinensis+Schima superba+Lophatherum gracile" was the best.By adjusting the stand density of the dominant tree species to optimize the stand structure,the stand can be transformed in the direction of "Ass.Machilus chinensis+Schima superba+Lophatherum gracile" in forest management activities,so as to further enrich the plant diversity and enhance the system stability.

Key words: plant community, plant diversity, quantitative classification, redundancy analysis, Zengcheng Forest Farm

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