Research advances in space-air-ground integrated monitoring for smart forestry and grassland

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.03.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Through the new generation of information technologies such as cloud computing,Internet of Things,mobile internet,big data and artificial intelligence,smart forestry and grassland can realize the comprehensive perception,accurate identification,dynamic monitoring,intelligent analysis and assistant decision-making of forestry and grassland resources and ecological environment.The high-quality development of smart forestry and grassland needs to be supported by high-quality monitoring data.In recent years,space-air-ground integrated monitoring technologies have been continuously innovated and developed,and monitoring capabilities have been continuously improved,which provide important opportunities for the development of smart forestry and grassland.In view of the integration of three monitoring paradigms:space-based monitoring,air-based monitoring,and ground-based monitoring,this paper focuses on the monitoring of forestry and grassland resources,wildfire monitoring,and pest and disease monitoring.We reviewedthe latest research progress of integrated space-air-ground monitoring technologies in the field of forestry and grassland in the world,and prospectsthe future research direction,expecting to provide a reference for smart forestry and grassland monitoring technology.

Key words: smart forestry and grassland, space-air-ground integrated monitoring, forestry and grassland resources monitoring, wildfire monitoring, pest and disease monitoring

CLC Number:

S771
TP79

XIE Ningbo, XU Xinqiao, WANG Qianpeng, CHEN Zhibo, YAN Ruihua, FENG Ge, ZHOU Qingyu, HUANG Yuxuan. Research advances in space-air-ground integrated monitoring for smart forestry and grassland[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2025, (3): 1-8.

Figures/Tables 4

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监测技术类型	优势	不足
天基监测技术	不受地理和气候条件影响,能够实现地表全面覆盖和全天候监测	时空分辨率较低,易受云层等大气条件干扰
空基监测技术	机动性较强,可灵活调整飞行高度、速度和路线,监测精度相对较高	易受到续航能力限制,空间监测范围也相对较小
地基监测技术	监测精度高、实时性强、参数维度多,能够实现叶片尺度的监测	监测范围小、监测成本高、监测设备部署受地理环境影响大

监测方式	技术类型	应用领域
天基监测	卫星可见光、多光谱等监测分析	森林面积估算、森林制图、森林年龄估计、地上生物量估算等
空基监测	无人机可见光、多光谱、三维点云监测分析	单木检测、植被覆盖度检测、森林冠层结构评估、地上生物量估算等
地基监测	环境参数(如温度、湿度、光照等)传感网监测分析、物候相机观测分析	林草生长环境监测、植被物候期参数监测等
融合监测	卫星影像与无人机激光雷达融合监测	森林郁闭度估测等
	卫星多光谱与无人机可见光融合监测	半干旱山地树木衰落程度估测等
	卫星影像与无人机正射影像融合监测	草原木本和草本植物覆盖度估算等
	地基激光雷达与无人机摄影融合监测	树高估测等
	无人机调查与地面调查融合监测	草原植物物种调查等
	卫星影像、无人机激光雷达与地面样地融合监测	林场总森林蓄积量密度均值估计等

监测方式	技术类型	应用领域
天基监测	卫星可见光、红外波段监测分析	大尺度范围的林草火情监测、火灾受害程度监测等
空基监测	无人机可见光、激光雷达监测分析	重点区域的火情连续监测、可燃物类型和载量估算等
地基监测	温湿度、烟雾等地面传感网监测分析	火险预测预警、早期火情监测等
融合监测	卫星影像与无人机可见光融合监测	森林火烧迹地提取等
	卫星多光谱与航空成像光谱、激光雷达融合监测	火灾后森林恢复量化评估等
	无人机通信与地面物联网融合监测	早期火情监测等

监测方式	技术类型	应用领域
天基监测	卫星多光谱影像监测分析	大面积病虫害和晚期病虫害监测等
空基监测	无人机高空间分辨率影像监测分析	对病虫害的发展阶段分类等
地基监测	相机或手机等手持终端设备监测分析	为其他遥感监测手段提供基准数据、小规模病虫害早期发现等
融合监测	卫星与无人机影像融合监测	卫星影像用于异常变色林木发现,无人机影像用于精度验证等