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林草资源研究 ›› 2024›› Issue (4): 48-59.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.04.006

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

西北半干旱地区巨菌草地土壤热通量特征及其影响因素分析

王子怡1(), 吕师2, 李声繁1, 白妮妮3, 严慧慧2, 林辉2, 余世葵2, 刘凤山2()   

  1. 1.福建农林大学 林学院,福州 350007
    2.国家菌草工程技术研究中心,福州 350007
    3.丽水市农林科学研究院,浙江 丽水 323050
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-03 修回日期:2024-08-10 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2025-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 刘凤山,副研究员,主要研究方向为地表能量平衡。Email:Liufengshan0225@163.com
  • 作者简介:王子怡,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为林业,地表能量平衡。Email:2376135510@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家林业和草原局揭榜挂帅项目“菌草防沙治沙和改良盐碱地关键技术研究”(202401-17);国家林业和草原局揭榜挂帅项目“亚热带气候区菌草生态治理关键技术及其生态系统服务功能评价”(271-KKY22003XA)

Analysis of Soil Heat Flux Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Cenchrus fungigraminus Grasslands in the Northwest Semi-arid Region

WANG Ziyi1(), LYU Shi2, LI Shengfan1, BAI Nini3, YAN Huihui2, LIN Hui2, YU Shikui2, LIU Fengshan2()   

  1. 1. College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350007,China
    2. China National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology,Fuzhou 350007,China
    3. Lishui Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Lishui 323050,Zhejiang,China
  • Received:2024-07-03 Revised:2024-08-10 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2025-04-18

摘要:

土壤热通量是地球系统中能量交换的关键指标,对气象、生态系统、地下水循环和农业生产有着重要影响。以中国西北半干旱地区的巨菌草生态系统为对象,利用2022年的波文比系统观测数据,采用热传导对流法计算土壤热通量,分析其能量平衡特征及影响因素。结果表明:1)种植期,巨菌草的覆盖显著降低了土壤能量散失,增强了10 cm和20 cm深度土壤热通量与地表的关联性。地表土壤体积热容量在种植期高于全年平均值,且随深度增加而增大。2)种植前,20 cm深度土壤热通量与地表相近,但峰值更高,存在滞后现象。收获期,10 cm和20 cm深度土壤热通量均高于地表,且整体呈现负值,表明土壤向大气传递能量。3)晴天时,地表土壤热通量峰值高于阴天和雨天,且出现时间不同。种植期,晴天和雨天土壤热通量波动较小,但晴天热通量低于雨天。随着深度增加,晴天热通量波动增大。4)种植期,巨菌草高度和土壤湿度是影响土壤热通量的主要因素。种植前后,太阳辐射、气温、土壤温度和空气湿度是主要影响因素。降水量与土壤热通量在种植前、后无显著相关性,但在种植期呈显著负相关。综上所述,巨菌草的覆盖有助于减少土壤能量散失,提高土壤体积热容量,稳定土壤热通量变化。

关键词: 土壤热通量, 热传导对流法, 不同天气条件, 影响因素

Abstract:

Soil heat flux is a key index of energy exchange within the Earth system,exerting important influences on meteorology,ecosystem,groundwater cycle and agricultural production.This study examines the Cenchrus fungigraminus ecosystem in the semi-arid region of northwest China,calculating soil heat flux was calculated by the heat conduction convection method,employing the observational data of the Bowen ratio system in 2022.The characteristics and influencing factors of energy balance were analyzed.1)During the planting period,Cenchrus fungigraminus significantly reduced soil energy loss,and enhanced the correlation between soil heat flux and surface at the depths of 10 cm and 20 cm.Surface soil volumetric heat capacity exceeded the annual average during the planting period escalated with depth.2)Before planting,the soil heat flux at 20 cm depth was similar to that at the surface,but the peak value was higher and there was a lag phenomenon.During the harvest period,the soil heat flux at the depth of 10 cm and 20 cm was higher than the surface,and the whole was negative,indicating that the soil transferred energy to the atmosphere.3)On sunny days,peak surface soil heat flux values surpassed those on cloudy and rainy days,with varying times of occurrence.During the planting period,the fluctuation of soil heat flux in sunny and rainy days was small,but the heat flux in sunny days was lower than that in rainy days.The fluctuation of heat flux on sunny days increases with increasing depth.4)During the planting period,the height and soil moisture were the main factors affecting soil heat flux.Before and after planting,solar radiation,air temperature,soil temperature and air humidity were the main influencing factors.There was no significant correlation between precipitation and soil heat flux before and after planting,but there was a significant negative correlation between precipitation and soil heat flux during the planting period.In summary,coverage by Cenchrus fungigraminus can facilitate reduction in soil energy loss,augment soil volumetric heat capacity,and stabilize fluctuations in soil heat flux.

Key words: soil heat flux, heat conduction convection method, different weather conditions, influencing factors

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