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林草资源研究 ›› 2024›› Issue (5): 116-127.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.05.013

• 科研研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

蒙古栎生长期叶色变红规律及生理特性

原阳晨1,2(), 庞久帅2, 于海东2, 张江2, 陈会敏2, 张冰颖2, 刘佳林2, 霍巍2()   

  1. 1.河北农业大学 园林与旅游学院,河北 保定 071000
    2.河北省洪崖山国有林场,河北 保定 071000
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08 修回日期:2024-09-28 出版日期:2024-10-28 发布日期:2025-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 霍巍,高级工程师,主要从事林业优良林木品种收集、保存、保护,以及优良品种的选育和示范工作。Email:422370682@qq.com
  • 作者简介:原阳晨,博士研究生,工程师,主要从事园林植物应用和林木栽培管理。Email:18730272192@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央财政林业改革发展资金项目“蒙古栎、栓皮栎国家林木种质资源库建设项目”(2016-130000-02-01-000407);国家生物安全与遗传资源管理项目“蒙古栎种质资源收集保存及遗传评价”(KJZXSA202207)

Regularity and Physiological Characteristics of Leaf Color Change During the Growth Period of Quercus mongolica

YUAN Yangchen1,2(), PANG Jiushuai2, YU haidong2, ZHANG jiang2, CHEN huimin2, ZHANG bingying2, LIU jialin2, HUO wei2()   

  1. 1. College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China
    2. Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm,Baoding 074200,Hebei,China
  • Received:2024-05-08 Revised:2024-09-28 Online:2024-10-28 Published:2025-04-18

摘要: 研究蒙古栎叶片色彩生理物质的变化,为选育蒙古栎新品种和丰富彩叶树种资源提供依据。以幼叶期(S1)、绿叶期(S2—S4)、变色期(S5)和红叶期(S6)蒙古栎叶片为试验材料,测定各时期的色素、叶色参数、渗透调节物质、氮(N)、磷(P)、抗氧化酶和丙二醛(MDA),探讨色素、叶色参数与其他生理指标之间的相关性,并进行主成分分析。结果表明:1)在叶片变色期,叶绿素含量下降,类胡萝卜素含量上升,花青素大量积累;类胡萝卜素/叶绿素和花青素/叶绿素呈上升趋势,花青素/类胡萝卜素变化较小。2)在变色期,红绿色(a*)明显上升,色彩亮度(L*)、黄蓝色(b*)、饱和度(C)先下降后上升,色泽(H)与色光值(s)急剧上升,色角度(h)大幅下降。3)N、P含量整体下降,脯氨酸含量增加,可溶性蛋白在变色期下降,而可溶性糖含量上升;过氧化物酶(POD)变化幅度较小,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)整体平缓上升,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和MDA在变色期大幅上升。4)花青素与a*极显著正相关,两者都与脯氨酸和花青素/叶绿素的比值极显著正相关,与MDA、SOD显著正相关,与N、叶绿素显著负相关,与P负相关。5)主成分析表明,第一主成分的特征值和贡献率最大,花青素/叶绿素的特征向量最大。叶绿素降解,花青素积累,花青素/叶绿素上升是蒙古栎叶色变红的主要生理因素,变色期脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量增加,N、P含量降低,MDA含量升高,SOD、CAT活性增强协同促进花青素合成和叶片呈色。

关键词: 蒙古栎, 叶色, 花青素, 叶绿素, 变色期

Abstract:

This study investigates the alterations in physiological substances during the leaf coloration of Quercus mongolica,aiming to provide foundational data for breeding new varieties and enriching the genetic resources of colored-leaf tree species.Using young leaf stage(S1),green leaf stage(S2-S4),color changing stage(S5),and red leaf stage(S6)leaves as test materials.Measurement of changes in leaf pigments,leaf color parameters,osmoregulatory substances,nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),antioxidant enzymes,and MDA at different stages.This study investigates the alterations in physiological substances during the leaf coloration of Q.mongolica,aiming to provide foundational data for breeding new varieties and enriching the genetic resources of colored-leaf tree species.1)During the color changing stage of leaves,the contents of chlorophyll decreased,while the content of carotenoids increased and anthocyanins accumulated in large quantities.Carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio and anthocyanin to chlorophyll ration showed an upward trend,while anthocyanin to carotenoid ratio showed little change.2)The leaf color parameter a* showed a significant upward trend,while L*,b*,and C first decreased and then increased.The color changing stage of hue(H)and saturation(s)values increased sharply,while hue angle(h)decreased significantly.3)The N and P contents of Q.mongolicum leaves decreased overall,while the proline content increased.The soluble protein content decreased during color changing stage,and soluble sugars increased.The change range of Peroxidase(POD) was small,while Superoxide dismutase(SOD) showed a gentle upward trend.Catalase(CAT)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels increased significantly during the color changing stage.4)Anthocyanins were highly significantly positively correlated with a*,and together they were highly significantly positively correlated with proline,anthocyanins to chlorophyll ratio.There was a significant positive correlation with MDA and SOD,a significant negative correlation with N,chlorophyll,and a negative correlation with P.5)Among the three principal components,principal component 1 had the highest eigenvalue and contribution rate,and the eigenvectors of anthocyanins to chlorophyll ratio are the largest.Chlorophyll degradation,anthocyanin accumulation,and a significant increase in the anthocyanin to chlorophyll ratio were identified as the primary physiological factors influencing the red coloration of Q.mongolicum leaves.During the color changing stage,the content of proline and soluble sugars increased,while the content of N and P decreased,and the content of MDA increased,and the activities of SOD and CAT were enhanced,synergistically promoting anthocyanin synthesis and leaf coloration.

Key words: Quercus mongolica, leaf color, anthocyanins, chlorophyll, color changing stage

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