欢迎访问林草资源研究

林草资源研究 ›› 2025›› Issue (4): 112-121.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.04.012

• 技术方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于层次分析法的广东森林生态服务功能损害评估指标体系构建

张晓园1(), 李乐2, 裴男才2(), 高丙涛2, 郝泽周2, 邹静远2,3, 崔恺1, 王丽1   

  1. 1.生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广州 510655
    2.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州 510520
    3.江西农业大学林学院,南昌 330045
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-31 修回日期:2025-08-12 出版日期:2025-08-28 发布日期:2026-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 裴男才,研究员,博士,主要研究方向为森林生态、城市林业与人居环境。Email:nancai.pei@gmail.com
  • 作者简介:张晓园,助理工程师,主要研究方向为生态环境损害鉴定评估技术。Email:zhangxiaoyuan@scies.org
  • 基金资助:
    生态环境部华南环境科学研究所科技成果转化项目“华南地区森林生态服务功能评估关键参数获取与应用研究”(RITFHZXY2024-24);广东省地方标准制(修)订林业项目“森林生态环境损害评估技术导则”(2024-DB-11)

Construction of evaluation index system for damage of forest ecological services and functions in Guangdong Province using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)

ZHANG Xiaoyuan1(), LI Le2, PEI Nancai2(), GAO Bingtao2, HAO Zezhou2, ZOU Jingyuan2,3, CUI Kai1, WANG Li1   

  1. 1. South China Institute of Environmental Science,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510655,China
    2. Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China
    3. College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China
  • Received:2025-05-31 Revised:2025-08-12 Online:2025-08-28 Published:2026-02-13

摘要:

随着生态环境问题日益严重,森林生态服务功能损害评估逐渐成为环境法治建设中的重要议题。目前缺乏适用于广东地区的森林生态服务功能损害评估体系。借鉴并吸收当前森林生态系统服务功能评估规范中的指标体系构建方法,以生态系统服务功能的减少值近似估算生态环境的损害额,探索适用于中小空间尺度的森林生态服务功能损害评估实际工作的简易方法。基于广东省6个生态区,运用专家评分法和层次分析法,建立包含调节服务、支持服务和供给服务的评估指标体系。结果表明:1)调节服务在南岭区权重(0.507)较高,表明其在区域水源涵养与污染净化功能中起核心作用;而支持服务在粤中区权重高达0.475,反映出水土保持对于维护该区域生态安全至关重要;供给服务在沿海区权重(0.412)突出,这主要归因于该区域红树林具有极高的经济价值及生物多样性保护功能。2)不同生态区的主导服务类型存在差异,需因地制宜制定保护策略。该结果为广东省森林资源保护和生态修复的差异化政策制定提供了科学依据,未来需进一步优化评估指标的客观性并完善法律框架,以强化森林生态服务功能损害评估的可操作性和科学性。

关键词: 层次分析法, 森林生态环境损害, 生态系统服务, 生态功能区划, 广东省

Abstract:

With the increasing problems of the ecological environment,the assessment of damage to forest ecological services and functions has gradually become an important issue in the construction of environmental rule-of-law.However,there is no such evaluation index system for the damage to forest ecological services and functions in Guangdong Province.Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method,we constructed an assessment system for forest ecological environment damage,which is approximately equivalent to the loss of forest ecological services and functions and is suitable for fast evaluations at small spatial scales.By absorbing existing assessment methods of forest ecosystem service functions,we combined the six major ecological function zones in Guangdong Province and utilized expert scoring and the analytic hierarchy process to establish a new evaluation index system,including regulatory services,support services,and supply services.Through weight analysis,the regulatory service in the Nanling Mountain District had a high weight of 0.507,highlighting its core role in water conservation and pollution purification.The weight of support services in the central Guangdong region was 0.475,reflecting that soil and water conservation was crucial for maintaining the ecological security of the region itself.Supply services had a prominent weight in coastal areas (0.412),mainly due to the high economic value and biodiversity conservation functions of mangrove forests in this region.Therefore,through the AHP quantitative evaluation,there were differences in the dominant service types of different ecological functional areas,and protection strategies should be formulated according to local conditions.This result would provide a scientific basis for the protection and ecological restoration of forest resources in diverse regions across Guangdong Province,and points out the need to further optimize the objectivity of evaluation indicators and improve the legal framework to enhance the operability and scientificity of the damage assessment of forest ecological services and functions in the future.

Key words: Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), damage of forest ecological environment, ecosystem service, ecological function planning, Guangdong Province

中图分类号: