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林草资源研究 ›› 2025›› Issue (4): 1-7.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2025.04.001

• 政策探讨 •    下一篇

自然保护地整合优化背景下麋鹿栖息地整合与保护策略研究

张鹏骞1(), 白冰2, 张才高3, 王文波3(), 黄观赟4, 李秭娆3, 贾婉5   

  1. 1.北京市科学技术研究院科学传播中心,北京 100089
    2.北京市科学技术研究院资源环境研究所,北京 100089
    3.国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院,北京 100714
    4.广东江门古兜山省级自然保护区管理处,广东 江门 529222
    5.北京市十三陵林场管理处,北京 102213
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-04 修回日期:2025-08-07 出版日期:2025-08-28 发布日期:2026-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 王文波,高级工程师,博士,主要研究方向为林业规划设计。Email:2429748656@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张鹏骞,副研究员,主要从事生态学、自然保护地政策与管理及科学普及方面的研究。Email:zhangpengqian@bjast.ac.cn

Integration and conservation strategies of Elaphurus davidianus habitats under the background of protected area system optimization

ZHANG Pengqian1(), BAI Bing2, ZHANG Caigao3, WANG Wenbo3(), HUANG Guanyun4, LI Zirao3, JIA Wan5   

  1. 1. Science Communication Center,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100089,China
    2. Institute of Resources and Environment,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100089,China
    3. Forestry and Grassland Inventory and Planning Institute,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100714,Guangdong,China
    4. Management Office,Guangdong Jiangmen Gudoushan Provincial Nature Reserve,Jiangmen 529222,China
    5. Beijing Ming Tombs Forest Farm Management Office,Beijing 102213,China
  • Received:2025-02-04 Revised:2025-08-07 Online:2025-08-28 Published:2026-02-13

摘要:

目前,我国自然保护地体系正在经历空间整合优化、管控规则完善、法律法规健全等一系列变化,为野生动物的保护与管理带来新的契机。全面调研我国自然保护地麋鹿种群分布现状,识别出栖息地布局失衡、保护“孤岛”效应、关键区域种群过载、自然调控机制缺失及人鹿冲突加剧等问题。从自然保护区功能分区和管控规则变化、麋鹿为主要保护对象的自然保护区和湿地公园空间布局变化、法律法规健全等角度探讨对麋鹿种群保护可能产生的多重效应。在自然保护地体系整合优化的背景下,应结合麋鹿保护实际情况,构建多层次、网络化的保护空间格局,实施基于生态承载力的精细化种群管理,创新社区协同共管的发展模式,并健全以最新法律法规为基石的政策保障体系,从而推动麋鹿保护工作向体系化、科学化的高质量发展阶段迈进。

关键词: 自然保护地, 生态保护红线, 栖息地, 麋鹿, 种群保护

Abstract:

Currently,China's natural protected area system is undergoing a series of transformations,including spatial integration and optimization,refinement of management regulations,and improvement of laws and regulations,all of which have implications for the conservation of wildlife.This study comprehensively reviews the current distribution of Elaphurus davidianus populations within China's protected areas,identifying issues such as imbalanced habitat distribution,the "island effect" in conservation,overpopulation in key regions,lack of natural regulatory mechanisms,and increasing human-deer conflicts.Furthermore,it analyzes the impacts of functional zoning and regulatory changes in nature reserves,spatial layout adjustments in both nature reserves and wetland parks,and enhanced laws and regulations.Within the context of the holistic optimization of the natural protected area system,we propose tailored measures based on the actual conditions of E.davidianus conservation.These include establishing a multi-level,networked conservation spatial pattern,implementing refined population management based on ecological carrying capacity,innovating community co-management models,and enhancing the policy support system grounded in the latest legal frameworks.Such efforts will advance the conservation of Elaphurus davidianus toward a systematic,scientific,and high-quality development stage.

Key words: Natural protected areas, ecological protection red line, habitat, Elaphurus davidianus, population conservation

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