乌梁素海流域生态环境质量时空变化特征及可持续分析

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乌梁素海流域作为第三批山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程项目,其生态环境质量时空变化及影响因素的探索,对生态环境恢复的监测具有重要意义。基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台,利用MODIS数据集构建2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2020年乌梁素海流域的遥感生态环境状况指数(RSEI)数据集,运用趋势分析和Hurst指数分析,揭示该区域的RSEI时空变化及可持续变化特征。结果表明:1)乌梁素海流域年均RSEI呈现波动上升趋势,整体植被状况表现为缓慢恢复。2)未来存在持续退化及不确定变化的区域主要集中在流域北部。3)磴口地区及矿山治理区的生态环境质量明显改善,森林、灌木地的面积呈增加趋势。4)乌梁素海流域生态环境的改善和维持仍需长期监测和精细化管理。通过GEE平台快速构建RSEI数据集,分析和监测区域生态环境质量的变化状态,为生态工程治理管理和决策提供参考。

关键词: RSEI, 时空分析, 可持续分析, 乌梁素海流域

Abstract:

As part of the third phase of the ‘integrated conservation and management of mountain,river,forest,farmland,lake,grassland and desert ecosystems project’,exploring the spatial and temporal changes in ecological environmental quality and the factors influencing it in the Ulansuhai basin plays an important role and has practical significance for ecological environment restoration.Utilizing the MODIS dataset from the Google Earth Engine platform,we developed the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)for the Ulansuhai Nur basin for the years 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020.Trend analysis and the Hurst Index were then employed to reveal the spatial and temporal changes,and the sustainable change characteristics of the region.1)The annual average RSEI in the Ulansuhai basin shows a fluctuating upward trend,indicating that the vegetation as a whole is in a state of gradual recovery.2)Persistent degradation and ambiguous future trajectories are notable in specific areas of the Ulansuhai Nur basin,underscoring the need for ongoing and focused conservation efforts.3)The quality of the ecological environment in the Dengkou and mine management areas has significantly improved,and the areas of forests and shrublands show an increasing trend.4)The improvement and maintenance of the ecological environment of the Ulansuhai basin still requires long-term monitoring and refined management.The RSEI dataset was constructed through the GEE platform,which enabled the analysis and monitoring of changes in regional ecological and environmental quality,providing references for the management and decision-making in ecological engineering governance and restoration.

Key words: RSEI, spatiotemporal changes, sustainability analysis, Ulansuhai basin area

中图分类号:

S718.55

王昊琼, 胡益, 王昊琛, 舒勇, 罗为检. 乌梁素海流域生态环境质量时空变化特征及可持续分析[J]. 林草资源研究, 2024,(6): 64-72.

WANG Haoqiong, HU Yi, WANG Haochen, SHU Yong, LUO Weijian. Spatiotemporal and Sustainability Analysis of the Ecological Environment Quality in the Ulansuhai Basin Area[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2024,(6): 64-72.

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年份	NDVI	NDBSI	LST	Wet	PC1特征值贡献率/%
2000年	2.42	0.009	0.004	0	99.375
2005年	6.966	0.011	0.004	0.001	99.999
2010年	13.347	0.025	0.005	0.001	99.746
2015年	7.182	1.044	0.004	0.002	88.567
2020年	6.36	1.049	0.005	0.001	86.642

RSEI变化趋势	Hurst指数	持续性变化趋势	面积占比/%	RSEI变化趋势	Hurst指数	持续性变化趋势	面积占比/%
改善	>0.5~<1	持续性改善	0.89	改善	>0~<0.5	退化趋势	38.50
不变	>0.5~<1	持续性稳定	2.84	不变	>0~<0.5	趋势不确定	43.41
退化	>0.5~<1	持续性退化	8.42	退化	>0~<0.5	改善趋势	5.95

土地利用类型	耕地	森林	草地	灌木地	湿地	水体	建设用地	裸地
2000年面积/km²	8 814.54	1.14	3 620.84	155.00	405.44	234.62	592.25	2 349.71
2020年面积/km²	9 365.90	110.63	1 745.35	1 648.32	316.35	321.99	915.99	1 749.09
增减面积/km²	551.37	109.49	-1 875.49	1 493.31	-89.10	87.38	323.74	-600.62
增幅/%	5.89	98.97	-107.46	90.60	-28.16	27.14	35.34	-34.34