焦作龙翔山植物群落地表凋落物及其影响因素

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

凋落物作为生态系统重要的组成部分,对土壤碳氮输入以及土壤呼吸过程有重要影响。以中国中部温带丘陵地区南太行焦作龙翔山为研究区域,沿海拔148~827 m的阴阳两坡向设置样点,研究地表凋落物现存量及其碳氮化学计量特征,并分析其养分潜在归还能力及关键影响因子。结果表明:1)龙翔山地表凋落物现存量平均值为(540.81±388.00)g/m²,海拔800 m以下,凋落物现存量在不同海拔梯度间无显著差异;海拔800 m以上,凋落物现存量显著增加(P<0.05)。2)龙翔山4种植被类型中,温带常绿针叶林主要分布在海拔800 m以上,其地表凋落物现存量[(1 038.95±289.31)g/m²]最高,极显著高于温带落叶阔叶林、灌丛和草甸(P<0.01);同时地表凋落物现存量与凋落物最大氮回归量之间存在极显著正相关关系(r=0.96,P<0.01)。3)凋落物最大氮回归量、凋落物最大碳回归量、土壤氮含量和海拔是影响地表凋落物现存量的主要影响因子;此外,植被类型对其也具有重要影响。焦作龙翔山植物群落的凋落物现存量较大,植被类型在其调控过程中发挥着重要作用。

关键词: 焦作龙翔山, 凋落物, 海拔, 坡向

Abstract:

The litter is a vital component of ecosystems and its decomposition process profoundly affects soil carbon input and the soil respiration process.In this experiment,Longxiang Mountain in Jiaozuo was selected as the study area,which is located in the southern Taihang Mountains and belongs to the temperate hilly region of central China.Sample sites were established along altitudes ranging from 148 to 827 m and on both sunny and shady slopes.The study focused on the existing quantity of surface litter,carbon and nitrogen stoichiometric characteristics,and analyzed its potential nutrient return capacity and key influencing factors.The results showed that:1)The average value of the existing litter biomass on the surface of Longxiang Mountain is 540.81±388.00 g/m²,and there is no significant difference in the existing litter biomass among different altitude gradients below an altitude of 800m.Also,the existing litter biomass increased significantly above 800m(P<0.05).2)Among the four vegetation types in Longxiang Mountain,temperate evergreen coniferous forests were mainly distributed above an altitude of 800 m,and their surface litter biomass was the highest[(1 038.95±289.31 g/m²)],which was the significantly higher than that of deciduous broad-leaved forests,scrubs and meadows(P<0.01).Additionally,there is a highly significant positive correlation(r=0.96,P<0.01)between surface litter biomass and the maximum nitrogen return from litter.3)The litter's maximum nitrogen and carbon return capacity,soil N content,and altitude were the main driving factors affecting the existing quantity of surface litter.In addition,vegetation type also has an important direct effect on the existing quantity of surface litter.In conclusion,the litter of the plant community in Longxiang Mountain in Jiaozuo is a critical factor,and the vegetation type plays an important role in its regulation process.

Key words: Jiaozuo Longxiang Mountain, litter, altitude, slope direction

中图分类号:

S718.5

臧雪晴, 王狮狮, 怀志文, 孙淼, 霍光杰, 王继华, 蔺庆伟, 马剑敏. 焦作龙翔山植物群落地表凋落物及其影响因素[J]. 林草资源研究, 2024,(3): 121-129.

ZANG Xueqing, WANG Shishi, HUAI Zhiwen, SUN Miao, HUO Guangjie, WANG Jihua, LIN Qingwei, MA Jianmin. Surface Litter of the Plant Community in Jiaozuo Longxiang Mountain and Its Influencing Factors[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2024,(3): 121-129.

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编号	经纬度	海拔/m	坡向	植被状态	优势木本植物	优势草本植物	植被类型	总盖度/%
S1	35.228767N,113.112875E	148	平坡	自然	柽柳	艾蒿	森林	40
S2	35.247222N,113.086769E	176	平坡	自然	构树	——	森林	88
S3	35.255550N,113.081697E	232	阴坡	自然	野皂荚	胡枝子	灌丛	70
S4	35.266908N,113.099999E	265	阳坡	自然	野皂荚	羊胡子草	灌丛	44
S5	35.302181N,113.169187E	270	阳坡	自然	野皂荚	狗尾草	灌丛	78
S6	35.318697N,113.120147E	295	平坡	自然	柽柳	狗尾草	森林	71
S7	35.285134N,113.160075E	352	阳坡	人工种植	侧柏	羊胡子草	森林	72
S8	35.278978N,113.162097E	375	阴坡	自然	野皂荚	羊胡子草	灌丛	45
S9	35.278978N,113.162097E	440	阳坡	自然	野皂荚	羊胡子草	灌丛	50
S10	35.303697N,113.185628E	440	阴坡	自然	野皂荚	胡枝子	灌丛	85
S11	35.315308N,113.204507E	543	阴坡	自然	野皂荚	胡枝子	灌丛	96
S12	35.317547N,113.206332E	561	阳坡	自然	黄栌	荩草	森林	86
S13	35.302181N,113.169187E	608	阳坡	自然	野皂荚	羊胡子草	灌丛	48
S14	35.320868N,113.204584E	665	阴坡	自然	黄栌	荩草	森林	99
S15	35.317894N,113.169707E	780	阳坡	自然	野皂荚	荩草	灌丛	87
S16	35.340872N,113.180089E	818	阳坡	自然	黄荆	羊胡子草	草甸	88
S17	35.331807N,113.175297E	820	阳坡	自然	黄荆	荩草	灌丛	98
S18	35.331679N,113.174323E	827	阴坡	人工种植	油松	羊胡子草	森林	97
S19	35.341029N,113.179439E	827	阴坡	人工种植	油松	羊胡子草	森林	93

主成份	成份名称	特征值	贡献率/%	累积贡献率/%
1	凋落物最大氮回归量	0.226	32.106	32.106
2	凋落物最大碳回归量	0.286	21.223	53.329
3	土壤氮含量	0.432	17.172	70.501
4	海拔	0.480	9.321	79.822