关键词: 近自然经营, 红松人工林, 物种组成, 群落结构

Abstract:

To studythe species composition,zonal composition and biodiversity of Pinus koraiensis plantation communities under short- and medium-to long-term near-natural management.It provides a reference for restoration and biodiversity conservation of Pinus koraiensis plantation forests in Liaodong Peninsula.Near-natural management of 12 and 45-year-old Pinus koraiensis plantations was used as the study object.The community characteristics and species diversity were analyzed using the community sample survey method.The results showed:1)In the 12-year-old community,there were 29 species of higher plants belonging to 19 families and 23 genera.In the 45-year-old community,there were 142 species of higher plants belonging to 54 families and 96 genera.2)With the growth and development of Pinus koraiensis,the distribution types of the community species increased,the number of species increased,and the distribution range expanded.Among the species distribution types,North Temperate>Cosmopolitan>E.Asia & N.Amer,disjuncted;the temperate component was the most abundant,followed by the cosmopolitan component,and the tropical componentwas the least abundant.3)From 12- to 45-year-old,the Pinus koraiensis community remained in a pure forest state,but the species communityof thediversity increased significantly,and the trend of positive succession was obvious.The close-to-nature management cycle of Pinus koraiensis plantation was very long,and the positive succession was obvious;The biodiversity of the community under short-term management was relatively low,and it was not significantly enhanced until the middle management period.The theory of ecological niche and density dependence can well explain the ecological succession of Pinus koraiensis plantation,which has a good guiding role in the restoration of Pinus koraiensis plantation in Liaodong Peninsula.

Key words: close-to-nature management, Pinus koraiensis plantation forests, species composition, community structure