This article briefly introduced the development and management system of Russian nature reserves. The Russian nature reserves had adopted a unified and graded management system,and established a classification management system according to characteristics of different regional and different management objectives. Using the successful experiences of the Russian nature reserve management system as reference,this paper mentioned some suggestions on the construction of a new nature reserve system in China in the aspects of the various functions of nature reserves,the establishment of a unified and graded management system,the improvement of the laws and regulations,the adoption of classified regional management system,and the establishment of the fund guarantee mechanism.