The key ecological projects in Ulanqab City include the natural conservation project in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River,the project of returning cropland to forest,the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project,the project for protection of wild animals and plants and the nature reserve,the non-commercial forest project,and other forestry projects.In order to clarify the ecological benefits of the key forestry ecological projects in Ulanqab City,we have studied the changes in NDVI from 2005 to 2013.The results show that Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project in Ulanqab is the largest in area and most widely distributed.The average NDVI of Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project,the project of returning cropland to forest,the non-commercial forest project and other forestry projects area increased by 0.017~0.020 per year,while in the area of the natural conservation project in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River,and the project for protection of wild animals and plants and nature reserve,the average NDVI increased by only 0.014 3 and 0.013 2 each year.From the administrative region aspect,the average NDVI of of Qahar Right Wing Front Banner,Jining,Qahar Right Wing Rear Banner,Huade County,Zhuozi County and Qahar Right Wing Middle Banner increased by 0.20% 0.25,while the increase of NDVI in Sizi Wang Banner,Xinghe County,Shangdu County,Liangcheng County,Fengzhen are only between 0.12 and 0.20.In a word,it is of great significance to strengthen the construction of the key ecological projects for the increase of vegetation in Ulanqab City.