Wetlands serve as vital natural resources for humanity and fulfill indispensable ecological functions within terrestrial ecosystems.To promote the harmonious development of the human and nature in the wetland system,the ecological security evaluation index system is constructed from three dimensions,involving water quality safety,gross primary productivity level,and geographical endowment.Using the ecological niche theory,the ecological security level of Poyang Lake from 2013 to 2018 was calculated,and the Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)Model was constructed to identify the key influencing factors of Poyang Lake's ecological security.The performance of water quality safety in different years and the impact of key indicators on the primary productivity of the lake area were analyzed.The results showed that:1)From 2013 to 2018,the ecological niche width of both the dry and wet seasons exhibited an overall ascending tendency,with the ecological security of the wet season being superior to that of the dry season.2)From 2013 to 2018,the ecological niche overlap during the dry season demonstrated a general downward trend,while the wet season initially declined and then stabilized,with the ecological niche overlap in the wet season being significantly lower than that in the dry season.3)From the regression analysis,the ecological security levels of both the dry season and the wet season showed a significant improvement trend.The ecological security of the Poyang Lake area was generally stable and showed a steady growth trend,but the ecological level in some areas declined due to the interference of industrial and agricultural activities.The lakeside industrial park and the low embankment were the core disturbance factors of Poyang Lake's ecological security,which posed a threat to the harmonious coexistence of human and nature in the region.