Abstract:

Currently,China's natural protected area system is undergoing a series of transformations,including spatial integration and optimization,refinement of management regulations,and improvement of laws and regulations,all of which have implications for the conservation of wildlife.This study comprehensively reviews the current distribution of Elaphurus davidianus populations within China's protected areas,identifying issues such as imbalanced habitat distribution,the "island effect" in conservation,overpopulation in key regions,lack of natural regulatory mechanisms,and increasing human-deer conflicts.Furthermore,it analyzes the impacts of functional zoning and regulatory changes in nature reserves,spatial layout adjustments in both nature reserves and wetland parks,and enhanced laws and regulations.Within the context of the holistic optimization of the natural protected area system,we propose tailored measures based on the actual conditions of E.davidianus conservation.These include establishing a multi-level,networked conservation spatial pattern,implementing refined population management based on ecological carrying capacity,innovating community co-management models,and enhancing the policy support system grounded in the latest legal frameworks.Such efforts will advance the conservation of Elaphurus davidianus toward a systematic,scientific,and high-quality development stage.

Key words: Natural protected areas, ecological protection red line, habitat, Elaphurus davidianus, population conservation