对不同坡向、坡位之间18a生木荷(Schima superba Gardn.et Champ.)人工林进行生长差异分析,结果表明:1)不同坡向、坡位的木荷林胸径、树高和单株材积均有极显著差异;阳坡下坡位的胸径均值为9.17cm,树高均值为8.10m,单株材积均值为0.031 617m3;阴坡下坡位的胸径均值为8.84cm,树高均值为7.83m,单株材积均值为0.027 923m3;阳坡或阴坡下坡位的各生长指标均值均分别超过中坡位,中坡位均分别超过上坡位;阳坡生长优于阴坡;下坡位生长情况最佳,中坡位次之,上坡位最差。2)不同坡向之间的冠幅和活枝下高均有极显著差异,死枝下高(P>0.05)差异不显著;不同坡位之间的冠幅、活枝下高、死枝下高均有极显著差异;树高、胸径分别与活枝下高、死枝下高及冠幅等指标之间存在极显著相关关系,表明林分生长力的强弱与其自然整枝能力的强弱关系密切。3)由不同坡向的不同坡位DBH/H值可知,木荷林的生长随坡位的上升均表现出树高生长逐渐替代径向生长;郁闭的木荷林分,受到干扰较少,仅产生少量萌枝,表明萌枝的产生与干扰有关。
Growth differences of Schima superba Gardn.et Champ. at different slope orientation and slope positions were studied.The result showed that there was significant difference in DBH,tree height,individual volume at different slope orientation and slope positions.In the southern slope,the average DBH at downslope was 9.17cm.The average tree height at downslope was 8.10m.The average individual volume at downslope was 0.031617m3.In the north slope,the average DBH at downslope was 8.84cm.The average tree height at downslope was 7.83m.The average individual volume at downslope was 0.027923m3.All growth mean indexes of mid-slope were higher respectively than those at upslope,which was less than those downslope.Sunny slope orientation was better than shady slope orientation.Growth at downslope was best,was better mid-slope and worst upslope.Slope orientation and slope positions were the important factors influencing canopy of plantations.There were significant differences in slope orientation at living branch height and crown,except dead branch height.There were significant differences in different slope positions at living branches height,dead branch height and crown.The tree height and DBH were respectively significantly associated with living branch height,dead branch height and crown.The mean DBH/H showed that height growth can be seen instead of radial growth with the rising of slope position.There was less interference in the stand of Schima superba Gardn.et Champ.,which produces a small amount of sprouting.It showed that sprouting was related to interference.
[1]辛娜娜,张蕊,徐肇友.不同产地木荷优树无性系生长和开花性状的分析[J].植物资源与环境学报,2014,23(4):33-39.
[2]阮传成,李振问,陈诚和,等.木荷生物工程的防火机理及应用研究[M].成都:成都电子科技大学出版社,1995:11-18.
[3]张汉永,江彩华,张钦源.木荷无性繁育技术试验初报[J].广东林业科技,2015,31(1):68-71.
[4]周志春,范辉华,金国庆,等.木荷地理遗传变异和优良种源初选[J].林业科学研究,2006,19(6):718-724.
[5]程煜,洪 伟,吴承祯,等.木荷地上部分生物量分布特征与生产力[J].应用与环境生物学报,2009,15(3):318-322.
[6]王秀花,马丽珍,马雪红,等.木荷人工林生长和木材基本密度[J].林业科学,2011,47(7):138-144.
[7]胡喜生.木荷种群生态学研究[D].福州:福建农林大学.2005.
[8]王青天.闽南山地杉木马尾松木荷混交林培育效果研究[J].福建林学院学报,2012,32(4):321-325.
[9]Clarke P J,Knox K J E,Wills K E,Campbell M.Landscape patterns of woody plant response to crown fire:disturbance and productivity influence sprouting ability[J].Journal of Ecology,2005,93(3):544-555.
[10]刘帅成,李志辉,李艳,等.不同坡位对福建柏生长影响的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(12):52-55.
[11]黄钦忠.不同坡位8年生厚朴人工林生物量分配格局[J].江西林业科技,2010,13(6):16-18.
[12]蔡飞,宋永昌.武夷山木荷种群结构和动态的研究[J].植物生态学报,1997,21(2):138-148.
[13]王希华,严晓,闫恩荣,等.天童几种常绿阔叶林优势种在砍伐后萌枝更新的初步研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2004,22(1):52-57.
