湿地恢复适宜性评价是湿地保护与恢复工程建设的前提。以北京市蔡家河湿地恢复工程为研究对象,构建湿地恢复适宜性评价框架和指标体系,对蔡家河湿地的恢复潜力进行定量分析与评价,并通过态势分析法确定恢复方案。结果表明:3个拟恢复地块均处于非常适宜恢复状态,植物条件和土地利用类型是恢复建设的主要限制因子;恢复方案设计中,地块1以恢复湿地近自然景观为主,兼顾科普宣教、观赏休闲功能,地块2和地块3则以恢复湿地鸟类栖息地为主要目的。研究表明湿地恢复适宜性评价与态势分析相结合,可有效地对湿地恢复方案进行综合评估,为合理规划湿地恢复目标,确定湿地景观布局提供科学依据,也可为恢复后的湿地管理提供决策支持。
Wetland restoration suitability evaluation is a prerequisite for wetland protection and restoration.A wetland restoration suitability evaluation index system was built to assess quantitatively the Caijiahe River wetland restoration potential and recovery planning was determined using SWOT analysis.The results showed that:(1) all three proposed recovery areas were in very suitable recovery state,plant conditions and land use are the main limiting factor for the wetland rehabilitation in this project;(2) recovery area 1 was designed to be mainly used for wetland education,recreational and leisure function,however,Areas 2 and 3 were designed to restore the habitats of wetland birds.The wetland restoration suitability evaluation in addition to the SWOT analysis could carry out a comprehensive assessment for wetland restoration planning effectively.This method not only provides a scientific basis for wetland restoration goal,wetland landscape layout and wetland restoration measures,but also is a useful decision support tool for wetland management after recovery.
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