辽西北地区水资源匮乏,导致了沙尘频起、水土流失现象严重,加之历来造林成活率和保存率低,因此防风固沙与水土保持就需要格外的重视。针对辽西地区自然特点和种植模式混杂多样的现状,依据地貌加水热条件的分异规律,兼顾天然林区划,将辽西北划分为17个地区,在国家森林资源一类清查与辽宁省森林资源二类调查的基础上,采用灰色关联度分析方法对该地区8种典型树种组进行评价,选出了各地区防风固沙与水土保持效果好的树种组,其中阜新县、建昌县、龙城区、喀左县、兴城市和南票区最优树种组为栎林组,龙港区和建平县为落叶松组,太和区、凌源市和彰武县为油松组,北票市、绥中县和朝阳县为刺槐组,康平县为樟子松组,义县和连山区为慢生杨组。研究结果对辽西北干旱地区树种选择提供了基础,并对保护生态环境,推动社会经济与环境的协调发展提供了理论依据和实践指导。
In semi-arid areas in northwestern Liaoning Province,where the sand dust storm,water exhaustion,serious soil erosion and drought have occurred frequently,the survival rate of afforestation has become constantly low in the northwest region of Liaoning Province.Thus it is essential to put greater concentrations on wind-break,sand-fixing,water and soil conservation.Considering the present situation of natural conditions and existing plantation patterns,the laws of water,heat and land forms changing trend have been analyzed.This paper has made an evaluation of eight typical tree species groups according to the region using Grey relational analysis method primarily,based on the first national forest resources and second Liaoning provincial forest resources inventories.Furthermore,the five most relevant indicators such as average tree height and diameter at tree breast height,soil thickness,thickness of humus and leaf litters were selected according to wind-break protection,sand-fixing,better water and soil conservation.Then the most appropriate tree species groups for seventeen regions were determined.The results show that the superior species for these regions are as follows:the oak forest group from Fuxin county,Jianchang county,Longcheng district,Kazuo Xingcheng city and Nanpiao district respectively;the larch group from Longgang district and Jianping county;the sect.pinus group from Taihe district,Lingyuan and Zhangwu county;the locust group from Beipiao city,Huanzhong county and Chaoyang county;the Pinus sylvestris group from Kangping county,slow growing poplar group from Yi county and Lianshan district.The results of the study have provided a solid foundation and theoretical basis and guiding significance for future selection of tree species in arid regions in northwestern Liaoning Province and the harmonious development of social economy,ecological and environment.
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