城市绿地的碳足迹核算和评估——以广州市为例
收稿日期: 2016-11-10
修回日期: 2017-03-14
网络出版日期: 2020-10-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金青年项目“城市化进程中自然遗留地植物群落的生态策略演变及其影响机制”(41301058);国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于全生命周期的城市绿地碳源汇特征与管理调控研究”(31470703);国家林业局森林公园工程技术研究中心开放课题(PTJH1500205)
The Carbon Footprint Accounting and Assessment of Urban Green Space —Taking Guangzhou as an Example
Received date: 2016-11-10
Revised date: 2017-03-14
Online published: 2020-10-10
城市绿地在光合作用中能够固定大气中的二氧化碳,但同时会产生碳排放,这给量化城市绿地的固碳能力增加了难度。以广州市为例,通过建立城市绿地碳足迹评估模型,评估和揭示城市绿地碳源、碳汇特征及其影响机制。研究结果表明,包括道路绿地和公园绿地在内的7个研究区的植被和土壤碳储量分别为-0.66~11.22kgC/m 2和1.65~8.35 kgC/m 2;建造施工阶段和管理养护阶段的碳排放量分别为0.63~1.78 kgC/m 2和0.01~0.71 kgC/(m 2·a)。绿地碳足迹等于绿地全生命周期中碳排放量减去碳储量,7个研究区的碳足迹为-2.63~1.99 kgC/m 2。公园密植林区绿地均呈现碳汇特征,道路绿地大多呈现碳源特征,城市绿地的碳源汇特征随着绿地年龄的增加会有所改变。据此分析绿地规划设计对碳收支的影响程度,并提出科学的低碳化绿地管理和调控措施。
黄柳菁 , 张颖 , 邓一荣 , 林丽丽 , 刘兴诏 , 肖荣波 . 城市绿地的碳足迹核算和评估——以广州市为例[J]. 林草资源研究, 2017 , 0(2) : 65 -73 . DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2017.02.012
Since the urban green space can accumulate organic carbon by photo synthetic,but green space itself will also produce carbon emissions.This increases the difficulty of quantifying urban green space as carbon sinks.With Guangzhou City as an example in this research,the characteristics of urban green spaces and their impact system were revealed,the assessment method for the carbon footprint in the urban green spaces was established,and the contribution of planning and management measures to aggregate carbon reception and emission in urban green spaces was determined.The research results indicated that the carbon reserve in the vegetation and soil in the 7 research zones including green spaces on the roads and in the parks were -0.66~11.22kg C/m 2 and 1.65~8.35kgC/m 2 respectively,and the carbon emission in the phase of construction,management and maintenance were 0.63~1.78kgC/m 2 and 0.01~0.71kgC/(m 2·a)respectively.The total footprint in 7 research zones was -0.263~1.99 kgC/m 2.The characteristics of carbon sinks in the parks and the characteristics of carbon emissions on the roads were mostly different.The carbon sinks or emissions of urban green spaces will change with the increase of age.Based on the results,the influence of planning design for green spaces on carbon reception and emission is analyzed and the scientific and low-carbon managerial and regulatory measures for green spaces are put forward.
| [1] | 赵荣钦, 黄贤金, 徐慧 , 等. 城市系统碳循环与碳管理研究进展[J]. 自然资源学报, 2009,24(10):1847-1859. |
| [2] | Jo H K . Impacts of urban green space on offsetting carbon emissions for middle Korea[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2002,64(2):115-126. |
| [3] | Wiedmann T, Minx J . A definition of ‘carbon footprint’[M]. Ecological Economics Research Trends, 2007,2:55-65. |
| [4] | Strohbach M W, Arnold E, Haase D . The carbon footprint of urban green space—a life cycle approach[J]. Landscape And Urban Planning, 2012,104:220-229. |
| [5] | Jo H K , McPherson E G.Carbon storage and flux in urban residential green space[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 1995,45:109-133. |
| [6] | Nowak D J, Crane D E . Carbon storage and sequestration by urban trees in the USA[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2002,116(3):381-389. |
| [7] | Nowak D J, Stevens J C, Sisinni S M , et al. Effects of urban tree management and species selection on atmospheric carbon dioxide[J]. Journal of Arboriculture, 2002,28(3):2002. |
| [8] | 李晓曼, 康文星 . 广州市城市森林生态系统固碳功能研究[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2008,28(1):8-13. |
| [9] | Cairns M A, Brown S, Helmer E H , et al. Root biomass allocation in the world’s upland forests[J]. Oecologia, 1997,111(1):1-11. |
| [10] | 陈步峰, 潘永军, 史欣 , 等. 广州市典型森林土壤有机碳密度及储量生态特征[J]. 东北林业大学报, 2010,38(4):60-65. |
| [11] | 孙艳丽, 马建华, 李灿 . 开封市不同功能区城市土壤有机碳含量与密度分析[J]. 地理科学, 2009,29(1):124-128. |
| [12] | 解宪丽, 孙波, 周慧珍 , 等. 中国土壤有机碳密度和储量的估算与空间分布分析[J]. 土壤学报, 2004,41(1):35-43. |
| [13] | 徐艳, 张凤荣, 段增强 , 等. 区域土壤有机碳密度及碳密度计算方法探讨[J]. 土壤通报, 2005,36(6):836-839. |
| [14] | 吕晓涛, 唐建维, 何有才 , 等. 西双版纳热带季节雨林的生物量及其分配特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2007,31(1):11-22. |
| [15] | 温达志, 魏平 . 鼎湖山锥栗+ 黄果厚壳桂+ 荷木群落生物量及其特征[J]. 生态学报, 1997,17(5):497-504. |
| [16] | 杨昆, 管东生, YANG Kun,等. 森林林下植被生物量收获的样方选择和模型[J]. 生态学报, 2007,27(2):705-714. |
| [17] | Eggleston S, Buendia L, Miwa K , et al. IPCC2006 Guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories[M]. Japan:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2006. |
| [18] | 中国合同能源管理网,各种能源碳排放参考系数[EB/OL].( 2012- 03- 19)[2016-06-14].http://www.emcsino.com/html/news_info.aspx?id=9267 . |
| [19] | 梁磊, 吕伟娅, 王晓玲 , 等. 节水与低碳排放关联研究[C]//2010中国可持续发展论坛论文集. 北京:中国可持续发展研究会, 2010: 375-377. |
| [20] | Lal R . Carbon emission from farm operations[J]. Environment international, 2004,30(7):981-990. |
| [21] | Davies Z G, Edmondson J L, Heinemeyer A , et al. Mapping an urban ecosystem service:quantifying above-ground carbon storage at a city-wide scale[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011,48(5):1125-1134. |
| [22] | 温家石 . 城市化对建成区植被碳吸收和碳储存的影响的研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2010. |
| [23] | 赖广梅 . 大岭山城市森林公园在东莞低碳城市建设中的碳汇能力[J]. 林业资源管理, 2010(3):34-38. |
| [24] | 刘志武 , 等. 广州岭南花园住宅区生态绿地规划的研究[M]. 广州: 华南理工大学出版社, 2002. |
| [25] | 刘兆云, 章明奎 . 城市绿地年龄对土壤有机碳积累的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2010(1):142-145. |
| [26] | 殷利华, 姚忠勇, 万敏 . 园林绿化工程施工阶段碳足迹研究——以武汉光谷大道隙地绿化工程为例[J]. 中国园林, 2012,28(4):66-70. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
