人工林经营中保持森林结构稳定性的探究
收稿日期: 2017-07-28
修回日期: 2017-09-23
网络出版日期: 2020-09-24
基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目“森林景观小班耦合网络特性与结构优化机理研究”(31470642)
Exploration of Structure Stability Optimization about Plantation Landscape from Perspective of Complex Network
Received date: 2017-07-28
Revised date: 2017-09-23
Online published: 2020-09-24
采用小班水平上的划分方法,将小班看做是林分中的“单木”,相邻小班之间的边缘效应近似模拟了林分中“单木”与“单木”之间的空间位置关系,利用GIS构建森林耦合体。通过复杂网络将之抽象化为森林耦合网络,利用已构建的森林耦合网络结构稳定性模型,针对人工林的林学特征与经营方式,探究人工林经营中森林结构稳定性的优化调控。研究结果表明:1)当森林耦合体中存在面积较大的、林分质量较差的小班时,可将其更新为面积较小的小班,在小班上选择性更新与周围小班不同的树种,使面积较大的小班逐渐演替为“混交”的面积较小的小班。这一过程平衡了面积较大的小班周围介数分布,提高了森林结构稳定性。2)当森林耦合体中存在林窗时,可以在林窗中补植与周围优势树种不同的林木。这一过程降低了林窗周围节点的介数,平衡了整个网络的介数分布,提高了森林结构稳定性。研究森林耦合网络结构优化,实际上就是解决小班如何在有限空间内的合理布局,旨在为人工林经营过程中如何保持森林结构稳定性,同时又兼顾林业生产的可操作性提供一种新的思路。
李锐 , 李际平 , 张利利 . 人工林经营中保持森林结构稳定性的探究[J]. 林草资源研究, 2017 , 0(5) : 28 -34 . DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2017.05.006
Using the dividing method of sub-compartment level,the sub-compartment is treated as “individual tree”,the sub-compartment as stand between adjacent sub-compartment stands in the edge effect approximately simulates “individual tree” and “individual tree” space position relation,GIS is used to build the forest coupling system.Through complex coupling network,the network was abstracted into the forest to build and use forest coupling network structure stability of the model.In view of the plantation forestry characteristics and mode of operation,the optimization of the structure stability of the plantation management is explored.The results were as follows:(1)As the forest coupling system exists in the larger area and quality of sub-compartment which can be updated to a small area is poor,selective update in sub-compartment with the surrounding sub-compartment of different tree species can be made,and the sub-compartmentes with larger area are gradually changed into the area of the “mixed” smaller sub-compartmentes.This is a process that balances the betweenness distribution around the sub-compartmentes with larger area,improving the forest structure stability.(2)When the forest forest gap exist,in the coupling system,replanting can be made in forest gap and the advantage species around different trees used,the process reduces the forest window around the node betweenness,balances the betweenness of the entire network distribution,improving the forest structure stability.Study on coupling network structure optimization was actually how to solve a small forest in the limited space within the reasonable layout,aimed at for the plantation management in the process of how to keep the forest structure stability,at the same time,both the maneuverability of the forestry production to provide a new train of thought.
| [1] | 盛炜彤. 人工林的生物学稳定性与可持续经营[J]. 世界林业研究, 2001,14(6):14-21. |
| [2] | 徐大平, 张宁南. 桉树人工林生态效应研究进展[J]. 广西林业科学, 2006,35(4):180-181. |
| [3] | 陆元昌, 张守攻, 雷相东, 等. 人工林近自然化改造的理论基础和实施技术[J]. 世界林业研究, 2009,22(1):21-24. |
| [4] | 汤孟平. 森林空间结构分析与优化经营模型研究[D]. 北京:北京林业大学, 2003. |
| [5] | 邓超. 基于多功能经营的杉木生态公益林空间结构优化研究[D]. 长沙:中南林业科技大学, 2016. |
| [6] | 周婷, 彭少麟. 边缘效应的空间尺度与测度[J]. 生态学报, 2008,28(7):3323-3333. |
| [7] | 顾磊, 江晓霞, 陈智华. 边缘效应在生态学中的应用[J].西南民族大学学报:自然科学版, 2005(S1):14-15. |
| [8] | 赵春燕. 西洞庭湖区森林景观斑块边缘效应与耦合机理研究[D]. 长沙:中南林业科技大学, 2012. |
| [9] | 方爱丽, 赵继军.复杂网络: 结构和动力学[J]. 复杂系统与复杂性科学, 2006,3(3):56-94 |
| [10] | 李际平, 陈端吕. 森林景观类型环境耦合度模型的构建与应用[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2008,28(4):67-71. |
| [11] | 张光明, 谢寿昌. 生态位概念演变与展望[J]. 生态学杂志, 1997,16(6):46-51. |
| [12] | 袁晓红, 李际平, 赵春燕. 基于灌木层植物多样性的森林景观斑块耦合网络研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2012,28(16):82-88. |
| [13] | 袁晓红. 森林景观斑块耦合网络及动力学研究[D]. 长沙:中南林业科技大学, 2012. |
| [14] | 李锐, 李际平, 袁晓红, 等. 森林景观斑块耦合体的筛选及特征分析研究[J].林业资源管理, 2015(5):88-94. |
| [15] | 李锐. 森林景观斑块耦合网络结构稳定性研究[D]. 长沙:中南林业科技大学, 2016. |
| [16] | 陈静, 孙林夫. 复杂网络中节点重要度评估[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2009,44(3):426-429. |
| [17] | 雷霆, 余镇危. 基于复杂网络理论的计算机网络拓扑研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2007,43(6):132-135. |
| [18] | 李锐, 李际平, 高宇. 森林景观斑块耦合网络节点数与网络结构稳定性之间的关系[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2017,37(8):34-41. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
