湿地是生态系统中重要的生态环境类型。由于长期的人类行为与自然过程,湿地空间格局在逐年发生改变。空间结构的变化往往会直接作用于内部景观类型、生物类型及其平衡关系与多样性关系。近些年大量的水利工程建设,湿地的围垦与开发,均属于影响空间结构的主要原因之一。如何合理评价空间变化结果,以及采用哪些指标评估空间结构演变与生物多样性的关系,在快速发展的今天尤为重要。从空间结构指标与生态效应指标的关系出发,探讨空间结构与生态效应的关联,旨为湿地可持续发展提供参考。

Wetland is one of the most important types in the eco-system.Wetland spatial structure gradually changes over years,as a result of perennial human behaviors and natural process to the wetland directly or indirectly.The change of spatial structure would then directly affect its landscape,biology,and balance and diversity.Human actions in recent years,like water infrastructures,development around wetlands,are all causes of the wetland spatial changes.It appears crucially important to evaluate the spatial change results and the way to search for the relationship between spatial structure evolution and biodiversity.Based on index parameters of spatial structure and diversity,the article states the crucial factors of spatial structure that affects bio-diversity.This article provides an advancing reference for wetland sustainable research and development.