探究濒危植物叶片功能性状与构建成本特征,对揭示其环境适应策略、解析濒危机制及制定科学保护措施具有重要意义。以云南省普洱市思茅区成年濒危植物千果榄仁的成熟叶片为试验材料,测定其不同叶位(上、中、下)的叶鲜质量、叶干质量、叶长、叶面积、比叶面积、叶干物质含量和氮含量等叶片功能性状,结合构建成本分析,从叶片尺度阐明千果榄仁的资源利用策略及其环境适应机制。结果表明:1)千果榄仁不同叶位的叶片功能性状存在显著差异,其中,中叶位的叶鲜质量、叶干质量、叶长、叶面积均为最高,其次为上叶位,下叶位最低; 2)各叶片功能性状指标之间均存在显著相关性(P<0.05),表明性状间存在协同与权衡关系。3)单位质量构建成本与叶鲜质量、叶干物质含量、叶片氮含量呈正相关,与比叶面积呈负相关。4)主成分分析表明,不同叶位在资源利用策略上表现出明显分异,其中,下叶位倾向于采用保守策略,中叶位表现为获取型策略,而上叶位介于两者之间。本研究系统揭示了千果榄仁不同叶位间的功能性状差异及其构建成本分配策略,为理解该物种的生态适应性与濒危机制提供了叶片水平上的证据,也为其保护与可持续利用提供了理论依据。

Investigating the functional traits and construction costs of leaves in endangered plants is crucial for understanding their adaptive strategies,deciphering endangerment mechanisms,and formulating effective conservation measures.We systematically examined the functional traits including leaf fresh weight,dry weight,length,area,specific leaf area,dry matter content,and nitrogen content,and construction costs of mature leaves from different leaf positions (upper,middle,lower) in adult Terminalia myriocapra trees in Simao district,Pu’er,aiming to elucidate their resource use strategies and adaptation mechanisms at the leaf level.The results showed that:1) Significant differences were found in functional traits among leaf positions,with the middle leaves exhibiting the highest values in fresh weight,dry weight,length,and area,followed by upper and lower leaves.2) Significant correlations were observed among leaf functional traits,indicating synergistic and trade-off relationships.3) The construction cost per unit mass was positively correlated with leaf fresh weight,dry matter content,and nitrogen content,but negatively correlated with specific leaf area.4) By the principal component analysis,the lower leaves tend towards a conservative resource-use strategy,middle leaves towards an acquisitive strategy,and upper leaves represent an intermediate strategy.The results systematically revealed the differentiation of functional traits and allocation strategies of construction costs across leaf positions in T.myriocapra,providing new evidence at the leaf level for understanding its ecological adaptation and endangerment mechanisms,and offering a theoretical basis for the conservation and sustainable utilization of T.myriocapra.