随着《温室气体自愿减排项目方法学 红树林营造》的正式发布,红树林碳汇可进入温室气体自愿减排交易市场进行交易。我国《温室气体自愿减排交易管理办法(试行)》为红树林碳汇交易的市场化提供了制度支撑,但具体交易规则仍有待完善。核证减排量作为交易客体的法律属性尚不明确,导致调整交易主体间权属关系的规范缺失,且缺少对红树林营造项目所涉自然资源使用和保护的调整规则。可参照准物权法律关系和权属相关规定,明确红树林碳汇权属于参与营造的主体共有,其利益分配方式可由各主体协商确定。在申报红树林营造项目时,需依据不同地域类型,取得相应的自然资源使用权。

With the introduction of China’s mangrove-afforestation methodology,mangrove carbon sinks can now realize their value through the voluntary greenhouse-gas emission-trading market.The basic framework for a market-based mangrove-carbon-sink trading system has been preliminarily established,yet detailed operational rules are still missing.Substantively,the legal nature of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) as tradable assets remains undefined,leaving the property-rights relationships among trading parties unregulated.Procedurally,mangrove-afforestation projects involve both the use of natural-resource rights and conservation obligations,but the underlying regulatory framework is inadequate.To address these issues,drawing on quasi-property right and ownership provisions,mangrove-carbon-sink rights should be recognized as jointly held by the participating entities,with benefit-sharing determined by mutual agreement.When applying for a mangrove-afforestation project,applicants must secure the relevant natural-resource use rights in accordance with the site’s specific geographical classification.