乌桕叶色变化丰富,山乌桕生长快、抗逆性强。为探究乌桕、山乌桕两种砧木对乌桕属新品种观赏和生理指标的影响,并筛选出更适宜各新品种无性扩繁的砧木,采用单因素随机区组设计,以“红紫佳人”“灿烂”“浦大紫”“漫山红遍”4个乌桕属新品种穂条为试验材料,将其嫁接在两种砧木上,测定其生长指标、观赏性状和叶片变色过程中的生理指标变化。结果表明:1)砧木对各品种株高和直径生长的影响不显著,对观赏期、苗冠大小、叶片数等观赏性状,以及叶色参数(L^*、a^*、b^*)和类胡萝卜素、花色素苷等生理指标的影响显著。2)“灿烂”“漫山红遍”“浦大紫”3个品种以山乌桕为砧木的T2、T6、T8处理的观赏性状、叶色参数和生理指标变化优于以乌桕为砧木的T1、T5、T7处理;“红紫佳人”以乌桕为砧木的T3处理更好,其变色期提早14 d。3)所有处理中,乌桕/红紫佳人(T3)表现较好,最早进入叶全变色期,观赏期长达24.33 d。以山乌桕为砧木有利于提升乌桕属新品种的观赏效果。

The leaf color changes in Triadica sebifera are diverse,while Triadica cochinchinensis exhibits fast growthand strong stress resistance.In order to investigate the effects of two rootstocks,Triadica sebifera and Triadica cochinchinensis,on the ornamental and physiological indicators of new Triadica cultivars,and to screen for more suitable rootstocks for the asexual propagation of each new cultivar,this study adopted a single factor random block design,using four new Triadica cultivars,namely ‘HongziJiaren’,‘Canlan’,‘Pu Dazi’,and ‘Manshan Hongbian’,as experimental materials.They were grafted onto the two rootstocks,and their growth indicators,ornamental characteristics,and physiological changes during leaf discoloration were measured.1)The type of rootstock had no significant effect on the height and diameter growth of the cultivars,but had a significant impact on ornamental traits such as ornamental period,crown size,number of leaves,leaf color parameters(L^*,a^*,b^*),and physiological indicators such as carotenoids and anthocyanins.2)Ornamental characteristics,leaf color parameters,and the changes in physiological indicators of ‘Canlan’,‘Pu Dazi’,and ‘ManshanHongbian’cultivars grafted onto Triadica sebifera discolor rootstocks under T2,T6,and T8 treatments with Triadica cochinchinensis as the rootstock were better than those of T1,T5,and T7 treatments with Triadica sebifera as the rootstock.In contrast,the T3 treatment with‘HongziJiaren’ grafted onto Triadica sebifera performed better,with its discoloration period occurring 14 days earlier.Among all treatments,the combination of Triadica sebifera/‘HongziJiaren’(T3)yielded the best results,with the earliest entering the full leaf color changing period and an ornamental period of up to 24.33 days.Overall,Triadica cochinchinensis as rootstock is more beneficial to improving the ornamental effects of new Triadica cultivars.