生态系统碳储量是研究生态系统功能的重要指标,估算生态系统碳储量对维持区域碳平衡、区域生态修复及管理措施至关重要。为对比柯柯牙生态系统碳储量空间分布特征及其不同生态系统层次碳储量,基于2020年柯柯牙荒漠绿化工程区土地利用数据、森林资源清查数据和标准样地调查数据,利用InVEST模型Carbon模块对柯柯牙工程区生态系统碳储量进行评估。结果表明:1)柯柯牙工程区总碳密度为71.76 t/hm²,总碳储量为8.27×10⁶ t。不同层生态系统碳储量表现为土壤碳储量(6.16×10⁶ t)>地下生物碳储量(1.12×10⁶ t)>地上生物碳储量(9.64×10⁵ t)>死亡有机质碳储量(2.59×10⁴ t);不同土地类型碳储量表现为林地(6.21×10⁶ t)>耕地(9.82×10⁵ t)>草地(5.56×10⁵ t)>建设用地(3.69×10⁵ t)>未利用土地(1.07×10⁵ t)>水域(4.32×10⁴ t)。2)柯柯牙工程区碳储量空间分布不均,总体表现为中部、东部和东南部区域最高,北部区域偏低,西南部区域最低。柯柯牙工程区地上生物层碳储量与地下生物层碳储量和土壤层碳储量均呈极显著正相关关系。柯柯牙工程区土壤层60 cm范围内的碳储量为6.16×10⁶ t,占柯柯牙生态系统总碳储量的74.49%,表明土壤碳是柯柯牙工程区主要碳库。未来应通过增加林地面积及保护耕地的方式对该区域进行生态修复,从而提升柯柯牙生态系统稳定性与健康性,并为塔里木河流域生态修复工程提供新的方法和思路。

Ecosystem carbon storage is a key indicator of ecosystem function and plays a crucial role in maintaining regional carbon balance,guiding ecological restoration,and informing management strategies.This study aims to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon storage in the Kekeya ecosystem and compare carbon storage across different ecosystem level susing 2020 land use data,forest inventory data,and standard plot survey data.Carbon storage in the Kekeya engineering area was assessed using the carbon module of the InVEST model.1)The total carbon density of the Kekeya engineering area is 71.76 t/hm²,with total carbon storage 8.27×10⁶ t.Carbon storage across ecosystem levels is distributed as follows:soil carbon storage(6.16×10⁶ t)>underground biological carbon storage(1.12×10⁶ t)>above-ground biological carbon storage(9.64×10⁵ t)>dead organic carbon storage(2.59×10⁴ t).Carbon storage by land types is as follows:Forest land(6.21×10⁶ t)>cultivated land(9.82×10⁵ t)>grassland(5.56×10⁵ t)>construction land(3.69×10⁵ t)>unused land(1.07×10⁵ t)>water area(4.32×10⁴ t).2)Carbon storage in the Kekeya engineering area is spatially uneven,with the central,eastern and southeast regions exhibiting the highest storage,shows moderate storage,and the southwestern region has the lowest.Aboveground carbon storage in Kekeya engineering area is strongly positively correlated with the underground biomass layer and the soil carbon.The carbon storage within 60 cm of soil layer in the Kekeya engineering area are 6.16×10⁶ t,accounting for 74.49% of the total carbon storage in the Kekeya ecosystem.Soil carbon is the main carbon pool in the Kekeya engineering area.Future ecological restoration efforts should prioritize expanding forested land and protecting cultivated land to enhance ecosystem stability and health in the Kekeya region.This approach provides valuable insights for designing ecological restoration projects in the Tarim River Basin.