通过红松种源试验,筛选优良种源,为辽宁省红松良种选育及遗传改良提供科学依据。以辽宁东部山区35 a生红松种源试验林为研究对象,测定来自东北三省10个种源的树高和胸径,并计算材积。采用方差分析、遗传参数估算、多重比较及育种值估计等方法,系统分析红松种源生长性状的遗传变异特征、变异趋势及其与环境因子的关系,通过精确估算其遗传参数和育种值,对红松种源进行综合评价与优良种源筛选。结果表明:1)树高、胸径和材积在种源间和区组间的差异均达到显著(P<0.05)水平,各种源性状变异丰富,其表型变异系数范围为12.61%~52.47%,树高、胸径及材积的种源遗传力均较高,均超过50%;2)各种源性状整体呈现由西北向东南逐渐增大的趋势,随温度和经度的变化而变化,且胸径受经纬度、海拔影响较大;3)基于种源性状的综合育种值分析,按照10%的入选率,评选出3号种源为红松优良种源。

This study aimed to select superior provenances of Pinus koraiensis to support breeding and genetic improvement efforts in Liaoning Province.The 35-year-old provenance trial of Pinus koraiensis in the Liaoning province was conducted,measuring the height and diameter at breast height(DBH)of trees from 10 provenances from the three provinces of Northeast China,and calculating the volume.Using variance analysis,genetic parameter estimation,multiple comparisons and breeding value estimation,the study explored the genetic variation characteristics,trends,and their relationship with environmental factors.By accurately estimating the genetic parameters and breeding values of various characters,comprehensively evaluated and selected superior provenances of Pinus koraiensis.1)The differences in tree height,DBH,and individual stem volume among provenances and blocks reached significant(P<0.05)and highly significant levels.The tested provenances exhibited abundant variations in growth characters,with phenotypic variation coefficients ranging from 12.61% to 52.47%.The heritabilities of tree height,DBH,and individual stem volume were high,all exceeding 50%.2)Characters showed a trend of increase from northwest to southeast,reflecting a temperature and longitude gradient pattern,with tree height notably influenced by geographic factors.3)Based on the comprehensive breeding values for each character,provenance No.3 was identified as a superior Pinus koraiensis provenance,with a 10% selection rate.