建立国家公园体制是党的十八届三中全会提出的重点改革任务,是我国生态文明制度建设的重要内容。探索国家公园特许经营高质量发展路径,对促进国家公园游憩的转型升级和提质增效、推动我国生态文明建设具有重要意义。以海南热带雨林国家公园为研究对象,基于游憩机会谱理论,厘清游憩机会利用与特许经营的关系,运用因子分析法和群决策层次分析法,构建游憩机会评价指标体系,评价海南热带雨林国家公园7个片区的游憩机会等级,形成海南热带雨林国家公园游憩机会谱。在此基础上,提出重构特许经营模式、提升管理服务效能、优化资金管理体系、建立共建共享机制、完善多元监督体制的海南热带雨林国家公园特许经营高质量发展路径,旨在为国家公园的特许经营、实现国家公园品牌增值提供科学的指导和有益的参考。

The establishment of a national park system is a key reform task put forward by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee.It is an important element in the systems for promoting ecological progress.Exploring the path of high-quality development of national park franchising is of great significance in promoting the transformation and upgrading of national park recreation,improving quality and efficiency,and promoting the construction of China ecological civilization.It takes Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park as the research object.Based on the theory of recreation opportunity spectrum,it clarifies the relationship between the utilization of recreation opportunities and franchising.Applying the factor analysis method and group decision-making hierarchical analysis method,it constructs the evaluation indicator system of recreation opportunities to evaluate the recreation opportunity levels of the seven areas of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.The recreation opportunity spectrum of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park has been formalized.The high-quality development path of franchise in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park is proposed to reconstruct the franchise mode,enhance the effectiveness of management services,optimize the fund management system,establish a common sharing mechanism,and improve the multi-dimensional supervisory system.This is aimed at providing scientific guidance and useful references for the franchise of national parks and realizing the value-added of the brand of national parks.