林草碳汇产品是以森林、草原、湿地等自然资源为载体的调节服务类生态产品,林草碳汇产品价值实现是生态产品价值实现的重要内容,推动林草碳汇产品价值实现,能够激励市场主体保护生态环境,实现社会反哺带动就业增收,提升生态系统碳汇功能,助力实现“双碳”目标。在国家生态保护修复和生态产品价值实现相关政策推动下,林草碳汇产品价值实现的路径不断创新和发展,全国各地探索形成了一系列有特色、可借鉴的林草碳汇产品价值实现的路径和模式。全面梳理生态保护补偿、碳汇交易、碳金融、社会资本参与固碳增汇等林草碳汇产品价值实现的主要路径,结合最新统计数据和典型案例,总结我国在推动林草碳汇产品价值实现的研究进展,分析林草碳汇产品价值实现面临的困难,并提出促进林草碳汇产品价值实现的建议。

Realizing the value of forest,grassland and wetland carbon sink products is a crucial means of realizing ecological product value.Accelerating the realization of value in these products not only incentivizes market entities to engage in ecological environment protection but also contributes to social welfare by driving employment and income growth.Furthermore,it enhances the carbon sink function of ecosystems,thereby supporting the achievement of "dual carbon" goals.Under the impetus of national policies related to ecological restoration and the realization of ecological product value,the pathways for realizing the value of forest,grassland and wetland carbon sink products have continuously evolved and developed.Throughout the country,various regions have explored and established a series of distinctive and replicable pathways and models for realizing the value of these products.This paper reviews the main pathways for realizing the value of forest grassland and wetland carbon sink products,including ecological compensation,carbon trading,innovative developments in carbon finance,and social capital participation in carbon sequestration and sink enhancement.By incorporating the latest statistical data and typical case studies,the paper objectively reflects China's research progress in promoting the value realization of forest grassland and wetland carbon sink products.It analyzes the challenges faced in realizing the value of these products and proposes strategies and recommendations to facilitate their value realization.