森林合理年伐量的科学测算是优化森林结构和实现森林资源可持续发展的关键。以贵州省国有浪风关林场为例,采用模拟测算法确定马尾松用材林的合理年伐量,并与传统公式法进行对比。结果表明:1)基于模拟测算法确定30 a为马尾松用材林的最优经理期和轮伐期,合理年伐面积为19.88 hm²,年伐蓄积为4 807.11 m³。2)在未来30 a的模拟经营过程中,龄组结构逐渐趋于稳定,中龄林和近熟林面积占比逐渐减小,幼龄林和成过熟林面积占比逐渐增大,模拟经营后的马尾松用材林成过熟林面积占比可稳定处于42.86%,龄组结构呈理想分布。3)与传统公式法相比,模拟测算法具有更加科学的测算机理、更加灵活的适应能力、更加精准的测算过程和更加客观的测算结果。采用模拟测算法来确定森林合理年伐量,能够为指导森林经营和实现森林资源的永续利用提供科学的参考依据。

The scientific measurement of reasonable annual harvesting volume of forests is the key to optimize forest structure and achieve sustainable development of forest resources.In this study,based on the forest resource survey data of Langfengguan state-owned forest farm in Guizhou Province,computer simulation was used to determine the reasonable annual harvesting amount of horsetail pine timber forest in this forest and compare it with the traditional formula method.The results showed that:1) the optimal managerial period and rotation period of 30 years were determined based on the simulation method,and the reasonable annual harvesting area was 19.88 hm² and the annual harvesting volume was 4 807.11 m³.2) During the simulation management in the next 30 years,the age group structure would be gradually stabilized,the proportion of middle-aged and near-mature forests would be gradually decreased,and the proportion of young and over-mature forests would be gradually increased.After the simulated management,the proportion of mature and over-mature forest area could be stabilized at 42.86%,and the age group structure would be ideally distributed.3) Compared with the traditional formula method,the simulation method has more scientific measurement mechanism,more flexible adaptability,more accurate measurement process and more objective measurement results.The use of simulation to determine the reasonable annual forest harvesting volume can provide a scientific reference basis for guiding forest management and realizing the sustainable use of forest resources.