以新疆克拉玛依地区为研究区,基于GIS平台和2000—2013年NOAA/AVHRR影像的FVC数据,在1km×1km空间分辨率下,对研究区的FVC指数进行空间自相关分析,从时间和空间两个维度探讨其植被覆盖变化的时空变化特征。研究结果表明:1)2000—2013年来研究区FVC指数变化明显,克拉玛依地区绿洲主要分布在南部的克拉玛依区,北部的乌尔禾区绿洲相对较少,中部的白碱滩区只有零星分布,绿洲面积显著扩大,扩大方向主要在克拉玛依区,然而白碱滩区和乌尔禾区绿洲面积有所减小。2)沙漠无植被区主要分布在研究区的北部和中部,研究期内沙漠化有所扩大,白碱滩区和乌尔禾区是沙漠化扩大的主要地区,其沙漠腹地的绿洲面积缩小,有些绿洲已经彻底消失。3)绿洲—荒漠过渡带主要分布在研究区南部的克拉玛依区,呈减小的变化趋势。全面、客观地分析克拉玛依地区近十几年来的FVC指数变化特征,对促进研究区经济、社会、环境的可持续发展具有重要参考价值。

With the Geographic Information System(GIS) technique,on the basis of the Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) of 2000—2013 NOAA/AVHRR(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer)images,and through spatial auto-correlation analysis of FVC index,the spatial-temporal changes of vegetation cover was explored from time and space with 1km×1km spatial resolution.The main results were summarized as follows.In recent ten years,FVC index changed significantly in the study area.In Karamay region,oases were mainly distributed in south Karamay of the study area,relatively less in the north Wuerhe area and scattered in Baijiantan area in the central study area.In recent years,in general,the oasis area expanded significantly,Karamay area was the main expansion direction,but in Wuerhe and Baijiantan areas,the oases were rapidly decreased.Desert,which was mainly distributed in the middle and north of the study area,had increased significantly in recent ten years. Expansion of desertification mainly happened in Wuerhe and Baijiantan areas,some oases surrounded by desert had decreased significantly even disappeared.Oasis-desert ecotone,mainly distributed in Karamay area,had been heavily replaced by oases in recent ten years.Comprehensive and objective analysis of the spatial-temporal changes of FVC index in Karamay region is important to promoting sustaining development of study area.