为了解海南霸王岭橡胶林林下植物多样性特征,在海南热带雨林国家公园管理局霸王岭分局选取总面积为10 400m²的橡胶林样方进行调查,应用物种丰富度指数(S)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H')、Simpson指数(P)分析不同环境条件下霸王岭分局橡胶林林下植物多样性特征。结果显示:1)霸王岭分局橡胶林林下植物在此次调查中共记录到110科309属478种,其中有100余种是以往海南橡胶林林下植物未曾记录过的物种,如烟斗柯(Lithocarpus corneus)、饭甑青冈(Quercus fleuryi)、子凌蒲桃(Syzygium championii)等森林演替中期或后期种;2)霸王岭分局橡胶林林下植物多样性受不同环境条件共同影响,在海拔为400~600m、坡度为21°~30°、郁闭度>0.8的条件下各物种多样性指数最高,在坡向上没有明显规律;3)不同的管理方式对橡胶林林下植物多样性的影响差异显著,物种多样性指数的变化趋势一致,即正常经营管理<疏于经营管理<放弃经营管理;4)正常经营管理到放弃经营管理的橡胶林林下植物组成逐渐从演替早期物种过渡到中后期物种,有自然地向当地热带雨林方向演替的趋势。

To understand the characteristics of understory plant diversity in the rubber forest of Hainan Bawangling,the rubber forest sample with a total area of 10 400m² was selected from the Bawangling Branch of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration for investigation,and the species richness index(S),Shannon-Wiener index(H')and Simpson index(P)were used to analyze the characteristics of understory plant diversity in the rubber forest of Bawangling Branch under different environmental conditions.The results showed:1)In this survey,a total of 478 species of 309 genera in 110 families were recorded,of which more than 100 species had not been recorded in the previous understory plants of the rubber forest in Hainan,such as Lithocarpuscorneus,Quercus fleuryi,and Syzygiumchampionii andother species in forest successions of mid- or late-stage;2)The plant diversity of the rubber forest under the Bawangling Branch was jointly affected by different environmental conditions,and the diversity index of each species was the highest under the conditions of altitude of 400-600m,the slope of 21-30 degree and depression closure >0.8,and there was no obvious rule on the slope.3)The influence of different management methods on plant diversity under the rubber forest was significantly different,and the changing trend of the species diversity index was consistent,that was,normal operation and management<neglect management<abandon operation management;4)The composition of plants under the rubber forest that transferred from normal management to abandon management had gradually transitioned from the middle and early plants to the middle and late plant species,and there was a natural succession tendency towards the local tropical rainforest.