我国国家公园刚刚建立,志愿者服务体系尚不完善,公众参与度低,构建制度化、规范化、科学化的志愿者服务体系是完善国家公园管理体制的必然要求。分析了公众参与国家公园志愿服务的缘由和内容,总结了美国国家公园志愿者服务体系的成功经验,并对我国公众参与国家公园志愿服务面临的困境进行分析。在此基础上,以海南热带雨林国家公园为例,尝试从加强立法、建立志愿服务管理机构、完善志愿者服务管理流程、搭建志愿者服务网络平台、拓展志愿服务项目以及健全志愿服务激励机制等方面构建志愿者服务体系,以期为公众更好参与海南热带雨林国家公园志愿服务,实现公园的公益属性提供参考。

China’s national parks have just been established,the volunteer service system is still imperfect and public participation is low.It is an inevitable demand to build an institutionalized,standardized and scientific volunteer service system for improving the management system of national parks in China.This paper analyzed the reasons and contents of public participation in national park volunteer services,summarized the successful experience of the national park volunteer service system in the United States,and difficulties faced by public participation in national park volunteer services in China.On this basis,taking Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park as an example,this study tried to build a volunteer service system from strengthening legislation,establishing volunteer service management agency,improving volunteer service management process,building volunteer service network platform,expanding volunteer service projects and improving volunteer service reward mechanism,which could provide references for the public to better participate in volunteer service of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park and realize the public benefits of the park.