为有效保护极小种群野生植物海南海桑(Sonneratia×hainanensis),采用查阅文献,访谈和样方调查相结合的方法,调查分析海南海桑的资源分布现状、群落结构、地形地貌和生境特征。结果表明:1)海南海桑天然分布范围狭窄,数量稀少;2)天然分布的海南海桑倾向于生长在光照充足、温暖湿润的中、低海水盐度条件下的中、高潮带滩涂,该物种具一定耐污能力,对沉积物要求不甚严苛;3)天然分布的海南海桑所处的群落结构相对完整且稳定,海南海桑种群为衰退型种群,自然发展下去,其个体数量会逐渐减少。通过研究分析,提出3项保育策略,即:建立资源档案,加强监测与保护;修复生境,促进物种自然更新;人工培育苗木,开展回归种植工作。

To effectively protect the wild plant Sonneratia×hainanensis with a extremely small population,the methods of literature review,interview and quadratic survey were combined to investigate and analyze the resource distribution status,community structure,topography and habitat characteristics of Sonneratia×hainanensis.The results showed that:1)Sonneratia×hainanensis hada narrow natural distribution range and small population;2)The natural distribution of Sonneratia×hainanensis tended to grow in the middle and high tide area with sufficient light,warm climate,medium and low salinity.At the same time,the species had a certain tolerance to pollution and was not very strict on sediment requirements;3)The community structure of the naturally distributed Sonneratia×hainanensis were relatively complete and stable.The population of Sonneratia×hainanensis was a declining population,and the number of individuals would gradually decrease with natural development.Through research and analysis,some conservation strategies such as restoring ecological environment,artificially promoting natural hybridization,and artificially cultivating and expanding the number of provenances were put forward.