全国森林资源调查是一项重大的基础性自然资源调查工作,为保证连清体系的系统性和连续性,连清固定样地的定位与复位显得尤为重要。自2020年以来,星站差分定位开始全面应用于全国森林资源外业调查。通过介绍星站差分定位基本原理,对比以往全国森林资源连续清查固定样地定位复位方法,分析总结了星站差分定位应用于2020年度湖北省森林资源调查中的优势,即:1)定位精度高、速度快,误差普遍小于2m,1min内即可获取固定解;2)覆盖范围广,不受距离和区域限制;3)抗干扰能力强,在郁闭度、坡度、坡位等因素干扰下,定位误差基本维持在1.00~1.50m范围内,定位精度稳定。通过应用探讨,以期为星站差分定位在森林资源调查中更广泛更深入地应用提供参考。

The National Forest Inventory is a major infrastructure project of the natural resources survey. The satellite based differential positioning has been applied to the National Forest Inventory since 2020.This paper introduced the basic principle of satellite based differential positioning system,compared the previous positioning and resetting methods of continuous inventorying permanent sample plots.It also analyzed and summarized the advantages of satellite based differential positioning in the forest resources inventory of Hubei Province in 2020 that:1) The satellite based differential positioning had high precision and fast speed. The positioning error was generally less than 2 meters,and the fixed-solution couldbe acquired in 1min. 2) It had wide coverage area without distance and regional restriction. 3) It had strong anti-interference ability. The range of positioning error was generally maintained at 1.00~1.50m under the interference of other factors,such as canopy density,slope,and slope position. The study results provided a basis for the application more widely and deeply of the satellite based differential positioning in the National Forest Inventory.