在实施碳达峰碳中和战略的背景下,森林生态系统的固碳能力已成为关注焦点。基于东北3省第九次森林资源清查1 091个样地的碳储量数据,建立了落叶松天然林和人工林的碳储量生长模型,分析了地形土壤等立地因子对模型参数的影响,并比较了不同起源现实落叶松林固碳能力的差异。结果表明:1)人工落叶松林碳储量的连年生长量在12a最大,达到2.70t/hm²;平均生长量在20a达到最大,为1.85t/hm²;天然落叶松林碳储量的连年生长量在18a最大,为0.94t/hm²;平均生长量在32a最大,为0.78t/hm²;2)林龄30a时,人工落叶松林的平均碳储量为49.36t/hm²,比天然落叶松林的23.37t/hm²要高出111%;林龄50a时,人工落叶松林的平均碳储量为55.47t/hm²,比天然落叶松林的36.30t/hm²要高出53%;3)所建落叶松天然林和人工林碳储量生长模型,其平均预估误差在5%左右,模型自检的总体相对误差均趋向于0,独立交叉检验的总体相对误差均在2%以内,客观反映了东北3省现实林分碳储量的总体平均生长过程;4)地形土壤因子对人工落叶松林的生长无显著影响,仅坡位对天然落叶松林的生长有显著影响;人工林的固碳能力显著高于天然林。

On the background of implementing the strategy of carbon peak and carbon neutralization,the carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystem has become the focus of attention. Based on the carbon storage data of 1 091 sample plots from the 9^th national forest inventory in three provinces of northeast China,the carbon growth models of both natural and planted larch forest stands were developed,the impacts of topographic and soil factors to model parameters were analyzed,and the differences of carbon sequestration capacity between natural and planted larch forest stands were compared. The results showed that 1) the annual carbon growth (AG) of planted larch forest stands reached to the highest 2.70 t/hm² at 12 years old,and the mean carbon growth (MG) reached to the highest 1.85 t/hm² at 20 years old;while the AG of natural stands reached to the highest 0.94 t/hm² at 18 years old,and the MG reached to the highest 0.78 t/hm² at 32 years old;2) when forest stand age was 30,the mean carbon storage per hectare of planted larch forest stands was up to 49.36t/hm²,which was 111%higher than 23.37t/hm² of natural stands;and when forest stand age was 50,that of planted stands was up to 55.47t/hm²,which was 53%higher than 36.30t/hm² of natural stands;3)the developed carbon growth models for both natural and planted larch forest stands reflected objectively the overall average growth process of carbon storage in three northeast provinces,of which mean prediction errors were about 5%,total relative errors were nearly to zero for modeling and less than 2% for cross-validation;4) the impacts of topographic and soil factors to the growth of planted larch forest stands were not significant,only slope position had significant impact to the growth of natural stands;the carbon sequestration capacity of planted larch forest stands was obviously higher than the natural stands.