在全球气候变化的背景下,干湿状况的变化是影响荒漠化地区生态系统稳定的重要因素。利用近15年的静止气象卫星和地面气象资料,运用能量水平衡的监测方法,得到我国荒漠化15个分区的干湿状况及植被生长情况变化。自2002年以来,我国荒漠化地区平均土壤湿润指数呈增加趋势,植被生长环境向好。其中,2002—2006年及2012—2016年分别较常年偏高0.7%和2%,说明这两个时期偏湿润,有利于减轻荒漠化程度;2007—2011年这一时期土壤湿润指数较常年偏低2.6%,有导致荒漠化程度加重的影响。近15年植被生长环境向好的有北疆、南疆、河西走廊、柴达木盆地、河套、毛乌素沙地和三江源地区,偏差的区域有内蒙古后山、乌珠穆沁、科尔沁沙地地区。

Under the background of climate change in the world,arid and humid conditions play an important role in keeping desertification area ecosystem stable.Based on the data of nearly 15 years of Geostationary Meteorological Satellite and the ground meteorological data,using the China Energy Water Balance Monitoring System (CEWBMS),this study obtains the changes of arid and humid conditions and vegetation growth situation in 15 desertification zones.Since 2002,the average soil moisture index (SMI) showed a trend of increase in desertification regions,and vegetation growth environment is good.Among them,in 2002—2006 and 2012—2016,the SMI is higher than average at 0.7% and 2% respectively,which illustrates the two periods of partial wetting,and positive to desertification;During the period from 2007 to 2011,the SMI is lower than average at 2.6%,partial dryness during this period,aggravating the desertification.The zones which have a positive vegetation growth environment are northern Xinjiang,southern Xinjiang,Hexi area,Qaidam basin,Hetao area,Mu Us sand land and three river source area,and the zones of negative environment are the mountains behind the Urat in Inner Mongolia,Uzhumchin and Khorchin sand land.