为了研究白龙江中上游地区独叶草生境特征,阐明独叶草种群分布的数量特征,采用野外样地样方调查法,对白龙江中上游地区独叶草生境进行植被调查。结果表明:1)独叶草种群分布群落划分为5种类型,分别是红桦+箭竹群落、岷江冷杉+箭竹群落、岷江冷杉+杜鹃群落、巴山冷杉+箭竹群落和巴山冷杉+杜鹃群落;2)在巴山冷杉+杜鹃、巴山冷杉+箭竹、岷江冷杉+箭竹、岷江冷杉+杜鹃这4个群落中,独叶草种群的高度、盖度和密度指数均差异不显著;3)巴山冷杉+杜鹃群落中独叶草种群的高度、盖度、密度和生物量明显高于红桦+箭竹群落。在白龙江中上游的舟曲境内,独叶草集中分布在海拔2 700~3 600m的红桦林、岷江冷杉林和巴山冷杉林这3个特定森林群系下的5种群落中;相比低海拔的红桦+箭竹群落,较高海拔的巴山冷杉+杜鹃群落更适宜独叶草种群的扩散、繁殖和生长。

In order to study the habitat characteristics of Kingdonia uniflora in the upper and middle reaches of Bailong River and clarify its quantitative characteristics of population distribution,this paper used the method of field plot survey and investigated the community vegetation of K.uniflora habitat in the upper and middle reaches of Bailong River.(1)The distribution communities of K.uniflora population were divided into five types,including Betula albosinensis+Fargesia spathacea,Abies fargesii var.faxoniana+F.spathacea,A.fargesii var.faxoniana+Rhododendron simsii,Abies fargesii+F.spathacea and A.fargesii+R.simsii;(2)In the following 4 communities of A.fargesii+R.simsii,A.fargesii+F.spathacea,A.fargesii+F.spathacea and A.faxoniana+R.simsii,there was no significant difference in height,coverage and density index of K.uniflora population;(3)The height,coverage,density and biomass of K.uniflora population in A.fargesii+R.simsii community were significantly higher than those in B.albosinensis+F.spathacea community.In Zhouqu County of the upper and middle reaches of Bailong River,K.uniflora was concentratively distributed in 5 communities under 3 specific forest groups of B.albosinensis,A.fargesii var.faxoniana and A.fargesii at an altitude of 2 700~3 600m;Compared with the community of B.albosinensis+F.spathacea at low elevation,the community of A.fargesii+R.simsii at high elevation was more suitable for the diffusion,reproduction and growth of K.uniflora population.