城镇化进程不断加快,导致景观斑块日益破碎化,生态网络构建能改善斑块间的景观连通性,对保护生态环境、提升生态系统服务功能具有重要意义。以腾冲市中心城区为例,运用形态学空间格局分析方法(MSPA)和景观连通性指数识别生态源地,基于ArcGIS软件最小成本距离模型(MCR)构建研究区潜在生态廊道,利用重力模型判断廊道的重要性。1)结合MSPA与景观连通性分析,将得到的斑块重要性(dPC)值>1排序前12的斑块作为重要生态源地,增强了源斑块选择的科学性,避免以往人为选择的主观性;2)基于ArcGIS软件MCR模型生成66条潜在生态廊道,定量分析物种于多斑块间迁移的最佳路径;3)利用重力模型定量评价源斑块间的相互作用力,科学判断重要廊道(强度>300)、一般廊道,分析斑块间生态廊道的重要性,最终得到研究区生态网络。通过结合多种方法来进行分析研究,以期为景观破碎化地区构建生态空间网络提供理论参考和科学依据。

The accelerating process of urbanization leads to the fragmentation of landscape patches.The construction of ecological network can improve the landscape connectivity between patches,which is of great significance to protect the ecological environment and enhance the ecosystem service function.Taking Tengchong City center as an example,this paper used morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA)and landscape connectivity index to identify the ecological source,constructed the potential ecological corridor based on ArcGIS software minimum cost distance model (MCR),and used gravity model to judge the importance of the corridor.1)Combined with MSPA and landscape connectivity analysis,the top 12 patches with plaque importance (dPC)value>1 were selected as important ecological source areas,which enhanced the scientificity of source patch selection and avoids the subjectivity of previous artificial selection;2)Based on the MCR model of ArcGIS software,66 potential ecological corridors were generated to quantitatively analyze the best migration path of species between multiple patches;3)Using the gravity model to quantitatively evaluate the interaction force between source patches,this paper scientifically judged the important corridors (strength > 300)and general corridors,analyzed the importance of ecological corridors between patches,and finally obtained the ecological network of the study area.The analysis was conducted by combining various methods,in order to provide theoretical reference and scientific basis for the construction of ecological spatial network in landscape fragmentation area.