植被覆盖度是反映矿区生态环境动态变化的重要指标。为了探究榆神府矿区黄土丘陵和覆沙地两种不同地貌类型植被覆盖度的时空演化规律,基于1990—2019年Landsat数据,采用像元二分法、偏相关分析和残差分析法,研究榆神府矿区黄土丘陵和覆沙地植被覆盖度的时空分布特征、变化趋势及其驱动力。结果表明:1)在时间分布上,1990—2019年榆神府矿区平均植被覆盖度由33%上升至45%,植被改善面积约为退化面积的3倍,且2005年后植被覆盖度提升幅度增加,但1990—1995年黄土丘陵区和2000—2005年覆沙地区植被覆盖度呈现下降趋势;2)在空间分布上,榆神府矿区黄土丘陵区和覆沙地区植被覆盖度主要分布等级分别为30%~60% 和15%~45%,1990—2019年黄土丘陵区植被覆盖度平均增速约为覆沙地区植被覆盖度的2倍;3)气候变化和人类活动对榆神府矿区1990—2019年植被覆盖度变化的相对贡献率分别为45.48%和54.52%,在1990—2000年、2000—2019年引起黄土丘陵区和覆沙地区植被覆盖度变化的主要驱动力分别为人为因素和气候因素。

Vegetation coverage is an important indicator reflecting the dynamic changes of the ecological environment in the mining area.In order to explore the temporal and spatial evolution of vegetation coverage of loess hilly area and windy sand land in Yushenfu mining area,the temporal dynamic and spatial distribution,change trend and driving forces of of vegetation coverage were studied based on Landsat data in different landform types on Yushenfu mining area from 1990 to 2019,using pixel dichotomy model,partial correlation analysis and residual analysis.The results showed that:1)In the term of temporal distribution,the average vegetation coverage increased from 33 % to 45 % in the Yushenfu mining area from 1990 to 2019,the vegetation improvement area was three times of the degraded area,and the increasing rate of vegetation coverage improved since 2005,but the vegetation coverage showed a downward trend in the loess hilly area from 1990 to 1995 and in the windy sand land from 2000 to 2005;2)In the term of spatial distribution,the mainly vegetation coverage levels in the loess hilly area and windy sand land were 30%~60 % and 15%~45 % respectively,and the average growth rate of vegetation coverage in the loess hilly area was about 2 times of that in windy sand land from 1990 to 2019;3)From 1990 to 2019,the relative contribution rates of climate change and human activities to the changing of vegetation coverage were 45.48% and 54.52%,respectively,and the main driving forces that caused changes of vegetation coverage in loess hilly areas and windy sand land in 1990—2000 and 2000—2019 were human factors and climatic factors,respectively.